It’s about social security! This payment will start from now on! Government subsidies have increased! It’s troublesome to forget ……

Important reminder!

Medical insurance for urban and rural residents in this city in 2024

Insurance registration and payment

Accept it from now on.

In 2024, the city’s finance continued to increase.

Inclusive subsidies for insured residents

The per capita financial subsidy has increased more than that of 430 yuan.

The public can use the "With the Bid for Citizen Cloud" APP.

Complete individual payment

Financing standard of residents’ medical insurance in 2024

And personal payment standards.

attention please

1, give appropriate subsidies to individual contributions of rural residents.

2, the insured to enjoy the minimum living guarantee for urban and rural residents in the city’s family members and low-income families over the age of 60, as well as the elderly, the elderly survivors of employees, severely disabled people and other groups of individual contributions, can be reduced or exempted in accordance with the provisions.

Handling methods and channels

The registration method of all kinds of personnel is basically the same as in previous years. Except for students at school, children in kindergartens and rural residents, other insured persons can go to the community affairs acceptance service center to complete the enrollment registration in 2024, and can complete individual payment through offline and online channels after 5 working days.

First, the payment mode

In 2024, the medical insurance department is responsible for insurance registration and review of insurance qualifications; The tax department is responsible for verifying the payment amount according to the policy and collecting it.

Second, the payment group

Audited eligible payers can be divided into three types according to payment methods:

1, all kinds of college students at all levels in this city

2, the city’s rural residents

3, in addition to the above two categories of other urban and rural residents medical insurance payment personnel.

Third, the payment method

(1) Centralized remittance and payment

Students of all kinds of colleges and universities in this Municipality shall go through the formalities of insurance registration and payment at their schools.

Meet the conditions of insurance:

The school will handle the insurance payment procedures in a unified way and pay the fees through the tax and social security fee collection client.

Payment process:

1, the school to the medical insurance department unified insurance payment procedures.

2. After receiving the collective declaration and approval form issued by the medical insurance department, the school will declare the payment through the social security fee collection client within 5 working days.

(2) Batch deduction

Rural residents shall go through the registration formalities at the village committee where their household registration is located, and the tax authorities shall uniformly allocate funds by means of bank batch deduction.

Payment process:

1. Rural residents should go to the village committee where the household registration is located to go through the insurance confirmation procedures. If the information cannot be confirmed, they need to sign a withholding agreement at the community affairs acceptance service center, go through the insurance registration, and change the personnel information.

2. On December 12th and 22nd, the tax authorities paid the medical insurance fee by way of bank batch deduction.

(3) Paying by oneself

Meet the conditions of insurance

You can pay online through the APPlication of the citizen cloud app, or you can go through the registration formalities at the nearest community affairs acceptance service center.

Content source: Shanghai Medical Insurance Bureau

Stay indoors! Online payment guide

Step 1: Scan the QR code below to get to the service directly. (Or open the "With the Bid Citizen Cloud" APP, search for "Personal Social Security Payment" in the homepage search bar, and click the corresponding search option to enter the service)

Step 2: Fill in your personal information according to the page prompts, and then complete the three steps of ID card information, insurance information selection and payment information submission in turn to apply.

"Follow the application code" to see a doctor

Without a medical insurance card and less queues, you can also open a medical scene with the application code on the scene configuration page, and enjoy the digital medical service in the whole process of seeing a doctor.

After opening, support the city’s medical insurance users, and scan the code for medical treatment and drug purchase in designated medical institutions and pharmacies.

It can be easily opened in the palm of your hand with just a little finger.

Family mutual aid payment through personal account

Since December 1, 2023, if a family mutual aid network has been established and "mutual aid payment" is selected, the medical insurance department will directly deduct the insurance contributions of family members from the balance funds of the founder’s account over the years, without the need for individuals to pay through offline or online channels.

pay attention to

If the employee medical insurance participants in this city are willing to pay the insurance premium for their family members (parents, spouses and children) in 2024 by means of mutual aid payment, they must set up a family mutual aid network and choose the use mode of "mutual aid payment" before 17:30 on December 25, 2023, on the premise of ensuring that the remaining funds in the occupational insurance account can fully pay the insurance premium.

Scan the QR code below to enter [Medical Insurance Account Family Mutual Aid]

Guide to building a family mutual aid network

Step 1: After entering the service, click "Deal with it immediately" and the founder (investor) will choose to set up a family mutual aid network to enter ("ID card" or "other documents") according to the situation.

Step 2: Complete the establishment of family mutual aid network according to the application process, and choose the use mode of family mutual aid funds.

Urban and rural residents’ medical insurance participants

Who did not participate in other basic medical insurance, and meet one of the following conditions, can participate in the medical insurance for urban and rural residents in this city:

1, with the city’s household registration, people over the age of 18.

2. Primary and secondary school students and infants with household registration in this city.

3. Full-time college students, vocational college students and part-time graduate students who receive general higher education in colleges and research institutes in this city.

4. Other personnel who meet the requirements.

Online direct payment renewal personnel

In order to further facilitate residents to apply for insurance, those who have participated in the medical insurance for urban and rural residents in this city in 2023 and have no basic medical insurance benefits in other provinces and cities, and meet any of the following conditions, are regarded as renewal personnel, and do not need to go to the community affairs acceptance service center to apply for insurance registration. They can pay directly through online payment channels or be paid by others, or through "mutual aid payment" to achieve "zero running" (those who are used to handling offline windows can still do so through offline windows)

The specific conditions are as follows:

01, the last year at least 19 years of age and above the city’s urban household registration personnel.

02, in addition to students at school, in the park (the) children under the age of 18, the city’s household registration personnel.

03. Persons holding permanent residence permits for foreigners (within the validity period, the same below).

04. Spouses and children under the age of 18 who hold the residence permit for Hong Kong and Macao residents or the residence permit for Taiwan Province residents, and unemployed Hong Kong, Macao and Taiwan residents who actually live in this city and have held the residence permit for Hong Kong, Macao and Taiwan residents issued by the public security department of this Municipality for more than 2 years.

05. Spouses registered in other provinces and cities, non-local students (under 18 years old) and non-kindergarten children who hold the Shanghai Residence Permit and have reached the standard score.

Important reminder

In 2024, the registration and payment period of medical insurance for urban and rural residents in this city will end at 17:30 on December 25, 2023. It is hoped that eligible residents will go through the registration and payment procedures in time within the prescribed time limit to ensure the timely enjoyment of personal medical insurance benefits.

For the process of insurance registration and payment, you can consult the nearest community affairs acceptance service center; Or call the medical insurance service hotline 12393 for consultation on enrollment registration and mutual aid payment, and call the tax hotline 12366 for consultation on online and offline payment.

Frequently asked questions

What are the medical insurance benefits for urban and rural residents in 2024?

In 2024, the proportion of residents’ medical insurance hospitalization and outpatient and emergency medical insurance reimbursement will be implemented according to the current policy. In addition, people who participate in medical insurance for residents in this city can also enjoy serious illness insurance for residents. The medical expenses incurred by insured residents due to dialysis treatment of severe uremia, anti-rejection treatment of renal transplantation, treatment of malignant tumor and treatment of some mental diseases can be reimbursed by 60% of the serious illness insurance funds and 65% of the low-income and low-income family members in this city after the basic medical insurance reimbursement. Medical expenses incurred by college students due to hemophilia and aplastic anemia are included in the coverage of residents’ serious illness insurance.

How to adjust the financing standard of medical insurance for urban and rural residents in 2024?

In order to ensure the sustainable development of urban and rural residents’ medical insurance system, in 2024, the government finance continued to increase the investment in urban and rural residents’ medical insurance, and raised the total financing standard of residents’ medical insurance. Specifically:

For people over 70 years old, the financing standard is adjusted to 7169 yuan/year, including 595 yuan/year for individual contributions and 6574 yuan/year for financial subsidies;

For people aged 60-69, the financing standard is adjusted to 7169 yuan/year, including 765 yuan/year for individual contributions and 6404 yuan/year for financial subsidies;

For people aged 19-59, the financing standard is adjusted to 4,149 yuan/year, including 935 yuan/year for individual contributions and 3,214 yuan/year for financial subsidies;

For primary and secondary school students and infants, the financing standard is adjusted to 2419 yuan/year, including 295 yuan/year for individual contributions and 2124 yuan/year for financial subsidies; Full-time undergraduate students, vocational college students and part-time graduate students (hereinafter referred to as "college students") who receive general higher education in various colleges and research institutes in this city have their financing standards adjusted to 1,149 yuan/year, of which individual contributions are 295 yuan/year and financial subsidies are 854 yuan/year.

How to adjust the individual payment standard of medical insurance for urban and rural residents in 2024?

In 2024, the residents’ affordability will be fully considered, and the individual payment standard will be appropriately adjusted according to national requirements. Specifically:

For people over 70 years old, the individual payment is adjusted to 595 yuan/year;

For people aged 60-69, the individual payment is adjusted to 765 yuan/year;

For people aged 19-59, the individual payment is adjusted to 935 yuan/year;

For primary and secondary school students, infants and college students, the individual payment is adjusted to 295 yuan/year.

Important reminder

In order to further facilitate residents to apply for insurance, people who have participated in the medical insurance for urban and rural residents in this city in 2023, have no basic medical insurance benefits in other provinces and cities, and meet any of the following conditions are regarded as renewal personnel, and do not need to go to the community affairs acceptance service center to apply for insurance registration. They can pay directly through online payment channels or by others, or through mutual aid payment to achieve "zero running" (those who are used to offline payment channels can still pay by themselves). The specific conditions are as follows:

1, the last year at least 19 years of age and above the city’s urban household registration personnel.

2, in addition to students at school, in the park (the) children under the age of 18, the city’s household registration personnel.

3. Persons holding foreigners’ permanent residence permits (within the validity period, the same below).

4. Spouses and children under the age of 18 who hold the residence permit for Hong Kong and Macao residents or the residence permit for Taiwan Province residents, and unemployed Hong Kong, Macao and Taiwan residents who actually live in this city and have held the residence permit for Hong Kong, Macao and Taiwan residents issued by the public security department of this Municipality for more than 2 years.

5. Spouses registered in other provinces and cities, non-local students (under 18 years old) and non-kindergarten children who hold the "Shanghai Residence Permit" and have reached the standard score.

6. Spouses of persons with Class B residence permits, non-local students (under the age of 18) and non-local children.

Family mutual aid payment through personal account

Since December 1, 2023, if a family mutual aid network has been established and "mutual aid payment" is selected, the medical insurance department will directly deduct the insurance contributions of family members from the balance funds of the founder’s account over the years, and it is not necessary for individuals to pay through offline or online channels. Reminder: If the employees’ medical insurance participants in this city are willing to pay the insurance premium for their family members (parents, spouses and children) in 2024 by mutual aid, they must pay the insurance premium in full before 17:30 on December 25, 2023 on the premise of ensuring that the surplus funds in the account of occupational insurance over the years can pay the insurance premium. Through the APPlication of "Citizen Cloud" APP, the application of WeChat applet, the application of Alipay applet or the local area of "National Medical Insurance Service Platform" app, the family mutual aid network is established and the use mode of "mutual aid payment" is selected, so that the medical insurance department can complete the deduction and remittance in time to avoid missing the deadline for payment and affecting the enjoyment of treatment.

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The content and pictures of the article come from | Shanghai Yangpu official WeChat. Please contact the original author for reprinting and authorization.

Original title: "It’s about social security! This payment will start from now on! Government subsidies have increased! It’s troublesome to forget … "

Read the original text

Intelligent research and development

If an enterprise wants to transform intelligent manufacturing, it must first start from the root of product innovation, transform the serial R&D process into a closed-loop intelligent R&D process that is continuously improved according to the user’s needs, perceive the user’s needs and make flexible adjustments, and at the same time integrate the emerging enabling technologies related to intelligent manufacturing to form a product R&D cycle from user to user. That is to say, the analysis of market and user-related data begins at the stage of product design demand analysis, which includes the direct participation of users in the process of product customization based on their own preferences, and the feedback of relevant operating data during the use of products to guide the process of improving the original design scheme, forming an intelligent R&D process of continuous optimization.
 
 
「 1. Eight elements of intelligent research and development 」

 
The intelligent R&D process reflects the change in design history from designing for users, to helping users design, to users designing for themselves. Therefore, intelligent R&D must be based on the highly intelligent integration of design information, production information, user’s use and feedback information, from the process of intelligent demand generation to the acquisition of basic design data, from the intelligent user’s participatory design to the direct transformation into production information and implementation. In order to realize these changes, intelligent R&D must be supported by eight elements.
 
1) Establish a unified multidisciplinary collaborative R&D platform.
 
First of all, the development of intelligent products generally spans multiple professional and technical fields and has a variety of key technical characteristics, involving a high degree of cross-discipline and integration. At the same time, the diversified needs of users also make the product structure and function very complicated, and IT embedded software technology has gradually become the core part of the product, which requires the cooperation of many disciplines such as machinery, electricity and software.
 
This requires enterprises to establish a top-level architecture that can integrate R&D systems and tools in all different professional disciplines within the enterprise, and form a unified multidisciplinary collaborative R&D platform that can comprehensively manage all professional R&D elements in the product life cycle.
 
The platform can not only manage the professional drawings, process and material information, but also manage the product function, performance, quality, indicators and their generation process, and integrate programming and management, simulation, optimization, innovation, quality and other tools, so that the R&D system can quickly and efficiently apply these tools, so as to carry out differentiated, high-performance and high-quality product intelligent R&D.. On this basis, knowledge engineering will be used to accumulate knowledge in the process of enterprise R&D, and the ability of serial product development will be formed.
 
2) Establish a digital prototype to realize simulation-driven innovation.
 
The core of intelligent R&D is to establish a digital prototype of the product, which is used to support the overall design and structural design, cooperate with the process design, and support the project team to carry out parallel product development.
 
The main functions of establishing digital prototype include tolerance size analysis, interference check, etc., as well as weight characteristic analysis, motion analysis and ergonomics analysis. In addition, the digital prototype can also provide data information of product assembly analysis, including assembly unit information, assembly level information, etc., to ensure the simulation of product assembly sequence, assembly path, ergonomics, assembly process and working hours. The digital prototype can also be used to evaluate the process, including machining method, machining accuracy, tool path and so on, to realize the CAM simulation of the prototype and the process planning based on the three-dimensional digital prototype.
Digital prototype also plays an important role in the sales stage of products, which can provide vivid dynamic demonstration effect and static product data for product promotion. Through the lightweight technology of three-dimensional model, enterprises can conveniently and flexibly use the original digital prototype model to provide decomposition drawings and schematic diagrams for product training, and can also provide rapid variant and derivative design of similar products to meet the needs of market quotation and rapid organization of bidding and production.
 
In addition, on the basis of digital prototype, enterprises can also establish virtual prototype for system integration and simulation verification, which can reduce physical tests, reduce research and development costs, shorten research and development cycle and realize simulation-driven design. At the same time, simulation technology can be combined with test management to improve the confidence of simulation results.
 
In addition, in order to ensure the reliability of products, we must fully consider the engineering elements in the whole life cycle of products, such as process planning, manufacturing, assembly, inspection, sales, use, maintenance and scrapping of products. By using concurrent engineering and DFX technology, the performance, quality, manufacturability, assemblability, testability, product service and price of products in different stages are comprehensively evaluated as early as possible in the design stage, so as to optimize product design and ensure product quality.
 
3) adopt standardized and modular design methods to improve the product customization ability.
 
User-centered intelligent research and development will inevitably face the diversity of user needs, which requires enterprises to have flexible product variant design capabilities and form standardized, modular and serialized product development capabilities. As the basic unit of product design, module is the carrier of product knowledge. Modularization and knowledge reuse of products can moderately reduce design risks, improve product reliability and quality, and greatly reduce design cost and design cycle. In addition, it can also shorten product procurement cycle, logistics cycle and manufacturing cycle, and reduce product procurement cost, logistics cost, manufacturing cost and product after-sales service cost. Therefore, it is particularly important to have the ability of product standardization and modular design.
 
Modular design is to analyze the functions of products with different functions or the same function, different performances and different specifications in a certain range, classify them and design a series of functional modules. Through the selection and combination of modules, different product combinations can be formed to meet the requirements of variant products with different functions and specifications.
 
Modular design mode can improve design reuse and reduce cost. The combination of R&D management platform and modular design means makes this design mode even more powerful. The implementation of modularization and serialization will produce a large number of product modules and configuration rules, and the amount of data is huge. It needs to be managed by R&D management platform to realize the order and structure of design modules, thus ensuring the accuracy of data and the reusability of knowledge.
 
4)MBD/MBE design information is highly integrated with production information.
 
MBD (model-based definition) can define manufacturing information and design information into the three-dimensional digital model of products. MBD not only describes the geometric information of design, but also defines three-dimensional product manufacturing information and non-geometric management information (product structure, dimension and tolerance labeling, BOM, etc.), so that the information exchange between design and manufacturing can maintain an effective connection without completely relying on the integration of information systems. MBD breaks down the barrier of design and manufacturing, and makes the features of design and manufacturing be easily interpreted by computers and engineers, thus effectively solving the problem of integration of design and manufacturing.
 
After MBD model is regarded as a unified "engineering language", the application of MBE (model-based enterprise) can be further promoted. The data contained in the design model can be effectively transmitted in the process, supply, manufacturing and maintenance services. Through a highly consistent data model, a two-way data flow is formed between PLM, ERP and MES, which makes the manufacturing and subsequent processes highly automated and forms a digital "closed loop" of the whole value chain.
 
5) Innovative design integrating additive manufacturing and topology optimization technology.
 
Different from the traditional empirical design mode, the topologically optimized product model is the optimal topological model that meets the performance requirements under given load, working conditions and other constraints. It is a new design method to determine and remove the materials that do not affect the rigid parts through topology optimization, and realize the lightweight of the parts on the basis of meeting the functional and performance requirements. However, topology optimization technology has better effect only when manufacturing process constraints are not considered. Therefore, although engineers have designed a product model with unique structure and high performance through topology optimization, they often give up the advantages of lightweight and high performance because of manufacturability.
 
With the appearance and mature application of additive manufacturing technology, this big problem can be solved well. Additive manufacturing technology can help enterprises get rid of the limitation of traditional manufacturing technology of reducing materials and equal materials, and design products according to the most ideal structural form, making it possible for products to have "functional priority". Therefore, additive manufacturing makes the value of topology optimization technology fully play, and the integration of them innovates the design and manufacturing process, which is a subversive change for traditional manufacturing industry.
 
6) Design review of application of virtual reality and augmented reality technology
 
Virtual reality and augmented reality technology are the bridge between virtual products and real products. By applying virtual reality and augmented reality technology, the design scheme of products and related attribute information of products can be intuitively displayed and experienced in the initial stage of products and before the physical prototype test. Moreover, in the virtual space, it is also convenient for designers to communicate collaboratively, making the whole design review process more convenient and effective, and at the same time, the problems existing in the design process can be more intuitively discovered.
 
7) Establish wide-area collaborative research and development based on cloud.
 
In intelligent R&D, based on the Internet, the products and services of enterprises will gradually change from one-way technological innovation, production of products and services to the market, waiting for customer experience, to active contact with users’ service terminals, benign interaction and collaborative development of products, and the subject of technological innovation will turn into users. Its innovation, consciousness and demand run through the production chain, affecting the decision-making of design and production.
Designers will become the organizers of gathering resources among consumers, users and producers, and will play a driving role under the huge network of design and production chain, and will no longer independently undertake all product innovation work. Intelligent R&D will be based on collaborative research and development with suppliers, partners and customers in the cloud, so that everyone can participate in open innovation. Internet-based collaborative design cloud platform can bring together industrial designers and R&D engineers with professional skills from all over the world online to enter the intelligence database, and quickly organize large-scale collaborative operations, which can help manufacturing customers to complete industrial product R&D and design efficiently and conveniently. Once there is an urgent need to be solved, it can be submitted and published at any time on the platform. The platform can help the demanders find high-quality solutions through timely matching and pushing them to the intelligence library with relevant experience, and the whole process is coordinated and controlled.
 
8) Closed-loop product research and development based on digital twins to drive product innovation.
 
Product R&D has evolved from focusing on the initial design stage of the product life cycle to focusing on the whole product life cycle. The simulation, testing and experiment in the design stage and the collection and utilization of relevant data in the product operation and service stage have played an important role in product optimization and innovation, which has improved the speed and quality of prototype design.
 
It depends on the vigorous development of sensing, Internet of Things, big data, AI, simulation, VR/AR/MR/XR and other technologies, which effectively promotes the further landing of digital twin technology, and then inserts strong wings for product R&D and innovation. In the product design and manufacturing life cycle, the sensor can be installed on the physical prototype, and the data collected by the sensor can be transferred to the digital twin model of the product during the prototype test. By simulating and optimizing the digital twin model, the performance of the final product can be improved and enhanced. You can also use hardware-in-the-loop simulation to verify and optimize product performance by using digital twin models for some parts and physical models for some parts. In the stage of product operation and service, based on the establishment of digital twin data and simulation, the areas that need to be further optimized and improved are analyzed, so as to improve the efficiency and quality of new product research and development.
 
 
「 2. Exploration and practice of intelligent R&D 」

 
In order to shorten the product development cycle, enterprises need to deeply apply simulation technology, establish virtual digital prototype, realize multidisciplinary simulation, and reduce physical tests through simulation; It is necessary to implement the idea of standardization, serialization and modularization to support mass customization or product customization; It is necessary to combine simulation technology with test management to improve the confidence of simulation results. In the era of intelligent manufacturing, a number of software companies have emerged in the industry to actively explore intelligent research and development, and they have landed and practiced in manufacturing enterprises.
 
1) Intelligent R&D tools
 
At present, some intelligent software systems have appeared in product research and development tools, which have become the concrete embodiment of intelligent research and development. For example, Geometric DFM PRO software can automatically judge whether the technological features of 3D models can be manufactured, assembled and disassembled. CAD Doctor software can automatically analyze the problems existing in 3D models. Altair’s topology optimization technology can reduce the weight of the structure on the premise of meeting the functions of the product; System simulation technology can analyze and optimize product performance in the conceptual design stage; PLM has been extended forward to demand management and backward to process management. The Teamcenter Manufacturing system of Siemens has structured the process, which can better realize the reuse of typical processes. Kaimu software is also intelligent based on three-dimensional assembly CAPP, machining CAPP and parametric CAPP.
 
 
Fig. 1 Manufacturing inspection of parts by Kaimu DFM (source: Wuhan Kaimu Information Technology Co., Ltd.)
 
2) Individualized demand promotes product modular design.
 
Modular design can not only improve design reuse and reduce costs, but also greatly shorten the design and manufacturing cycle of products by reuse. Haier’s intelligent interconnection factory in Shenyang has achieved a high degree of flexibility (supporting the production of more than 500 types of refrigerators) and a high degree of automation (the beat can reach 10s/ set). The factory supports the business model of personalized customization of household appliances, and achieves a good return on investment through the premium on a single product. This is mainly due to the R&D team’s successful modular design of refrigerator products, which combined about 300 parts into 23 modules (including 10 standard modules and 13 variable modules), thus greatly reducing the complexity of digital management of parts, semi-finished products and finished products, and simplifying the manufacturing process and supply chain.
 
3) The concept of digital twins goes deep into product design and operation.
 
Product research and development has changed from traditional product design and analysis certification to virtual prototype (digital prototype) instead of physical prototype, so as to realize full digitalization of design and processing process. By collecting sensor data, the changes of three-dimensional model and physical model are compared to improve product design. PTC cooperated with Merida, a bicycle factory in Taiwan Province, to build a digital twin IoT concept demonstration product. The bicycle data were collected through sensors, and the riding route and habits were analyzed to give danger warnings. In addition, virtual reality monitoring was carried out according to the serial number of the scanned bicycle. Siemens cited digital twins to describe the consistent data model that runs through all links of product life cycle. With the help of this concept, GE, the American general company, installed sensors on the high-temperature resistant alloy turbine blades of the engine, transmitted real-time data according to the required frequency, received by the software platform, stored in data, and then established a digital model. GE also uses digital twinning technology to manage and update the data of real power stations in real time, capture the operation of real power stations and issue warnings.
 
4) Virtual reality technology is integrated into R&D.
 
Virtual reality technology is based on its conception, immersion and real-time interaction, which enables people to interact with the model and produce the same feedback information as in the real world, which greatly improves the efficiency and coordination of design.
 
Canon’s MRERL system realizes the design process of seamless integration of 3D computer rendering model with real-world objects in real environment, and supports multi-user collaborative work and simultaneous complete product design. It is realized by rendering 3D models of existing components and new design concepts, and combining them. For example, by integrating existing car seats into the projection of new car virtual design, users can see the real environment outside the car and the digital virtual model inside the car, including the newly designed dashboard and steering wheel.
 
Cave technology is widely used by automobile enterprises and design companies, and virtual reality technology is used to assist product development. Dassault, one of the leading PLM manufacturers in the world, put forward the concept of 3D Experience, and provided solutions in virtual reality (VR) and augmented reality (AR).
 
5) Simulation-driven innovative design
 
In the conceptual design stage, simulation technology was introduced to optimize the design, which changed the traditional design process. According to the performance requirements of the product and the change of load during the movement, Altair uses topology optimization technology to calculate the transmission path of output, thus constructing the product skeleton, beautifying the appearance on the basis of the skeleton, and continuously optimizing the subsequent design process in the virtual environment. This pre-simulation design method can not only give full play to the imagination and realize innovative design under the condition of ensuring the performance and reliability of the product, but also realize the lightweight of the product, which greatly reduces the product development cycle and cost. The design concept of Altair is adopted in the front wing of Airbus A380, and the weight of the front wing is reduced by 500kg by using topology optimization technology.
 
 
Figure 2 Topological optimization design of A380 leading edge wing
 
6) Combination of topology optimization and 3D printing
 
Topology optimization technology helps designers to obtain the optimal structural shape and design lightweight products under the premise of meeting the requirements of given loads and working conditions. However, the product structure after topology optimization is often asymmetric and irregular, which makes it very difficult to manufacture by traditional methods. Additive manufacturing technology, which is typical of 3D printing, breaks this constraint, and any complex product can be manufactured through 3D printing. The perfect combination of topology optimization technology and 3D printing forms a symbiotic technical framework, which greatly releases the potential of design and enables topology optimization technology to give full play to its innovative value.
 
 
Figure 3 Symbiosis Technology Architecture
 
7) The rise of collaborative design mode.
 
Collaborative design with customers, suppliers and partners based on the Internet to achieve cloud collaboration is also an innovative form of intelligent R&D.. For example, in order to make full use of global development resources and manufacturing resources, Boeing has built a multi-country and multi-organization collaborative design and manufacturing model in different places. Domestic enterprises have gradually begun to try to build innovative product collaborative development teams with foreign R&D institutions through mergers and acquisitions or cooperation, so as to rapidly enhance the company’s product innovation strength.    
 
Generally speaking, it is a complicated and long process to realize intelligent research and development. In addition to establishing a perfect R&D system, enterprises should also realize the automation of data flow in the whole product life cycle through information technology, take users as the center, construct intelligent interconnected products through intelligent R&D, and form a series of product ecological circles, closely link users’ needs, uses and other information with product R&D, and form a closed-loop continuous optimization product R&D and service system.
 
 Quoted from: Intelligent Manufacturing Practice (Author: Huang Pei, Xu Zhiying, Zhang Hefang)
 
 

  

The mouth of the woman with many bacteria in the express package is purulent and ulcerated after "tearing the express"

  The most plastic bags for express delivery on the market are made of "recycled materials". The State Post Bureau issued an implementation plan for green packaging.

  Receiving a courier is sticky with dust? You may have received an unhealthy express package! The reporter’s investigation found that all kinds of plastic bags with the most express packaging on the market are "toxic", and because they are made of "recycled materials", a large number of harmful substances may remain. As Wechat business, e-commerce, logistics enterprises and other links reduce costs layer by layer, unhealthy postal parcels become more and more common.

  Text/Guangzhou Daily reporter Liu Ranran

  Correct opening method of express parcel

  1. Put old newspapers or other papers on the table, and put the courier on it.

  2. Cut the tape with scissors or a paper cutter, pick up the package and take out the courier, preferably wearing gloves.

  Wash your hands thoroughly with soap or hand sanitizer immediately, and then enjoy the goods in the courier.

  4. After unpacking the parcel, the express package should be cleaned outdoors or in a ventilated place in time and reasonably, and should not be hoarded around the desk or at home.

  case

  After the "mouth tearing express", the corners of the mouth are festering and festering.

  "Originally ‘ Tear express ’ It is really possible to die. " Netizen Bo reported that after a woman in Xiamen tore the express package with her bare hands and bit it with her teeth, not only red pimples appeared on her mouth, but also pus and fester. After the dermatologist ruled out all possibilities, she judged that she might be allergic to tearing the express package.

  The reporter visited and found that some people had a "red rash" on their hands after unpacking the courier bag, and some people were immediately "smoked" by the irritating smell after opening the courier bag. Most people often found that the courier bag was dirty, with a layer of dust on it, and there was an odor.

  A doctor from the Department of Respiratory Medicine of the Third Affiliated Hospital of Southern Medical University told the reporter that almost every day, patients in the Department of Respiratory Medicine are allergic, sneezing, crying and vomiting due to unpacking express delivery, and this past summer, there were so many people who were allergic to their hands and mouth due to direct contact with express delivery bags that some people even needed hospitalization: "Now you have to buy rolls of toilet paper online. With the increasing popularity of express delivery, the resulting garbage and pollution are also in citizens’ homes every day ‘ Enter the room ’ . Many people only care about receiving express delivery happily, but they completely ignore the pollution sources in their hands. "

  interview

  Weighing more than 10 grams, the U disk is 26 times overweight after packaging.

  At a courier outlet in Tianhe District, the reporter saw that even an ordinary small piece of courier similar to a USB flash drive should be tightly packed with "three layers inside and three layers outside", and the packaged express mail is ten times heavier than the real thing.

  After the courier put the U disk into a small paper box, he filled the space with bubble film and soft recycled paper, and then wrapped transparent glue around the paper box. That’s not all. Although it has been packaged with transparent glue, the courier also put a gray plastic express package bag on the outside, put the express bill on the plastic bag and wrapped it with transparent glue several times until it fits perfectly.

  Bubble film, soft recycled paper, paper box, transparent adhesive, plastic bag … … Why does a USB flash drive that doesn’t weigh more than ten grams have to be wrapped so much? The courier told the reporter, "This is not enough. I used to pack sunglasses for Wechat business. A pair of glasses had to be wrapped around for more than a dozen times inside and outside, and a large piece of light bubble pad was needed … …”

  According to reports, the reason why every courier has to be packed almost harshly is to ensure that the goods are intact when they are delivered to the buyer; The excessive use of plastic products is to prevent express delivery from being rained on the road. Moreover, there is no double-sided tape on the back of most express orders. If you want to stick it directly on the express package, you have to stick a layer of transparent adhesive &hellip in all directions without dead ends. … And this dozen grams of U disk, when it was finally sent out, has reached nearly 500 grams with packaging, which is 26 times its weight.

  Secret 1

  Sometimes there are more bacteria on the express package than on the toilet lid.

  The person in charge of the quality control department of an enterprise that OEM produces plastic bags for express delivery told the reporter that at present, the packaging bags used by express delivery companies are usually polyvinyl chloride (PVC) or polyethylene (PE). The raw materials of such packaging are mostly chemical materials and domestic garbage. The main raw materials are old plastics. Although the cost is very low, a large number of harmful substances such as plasticizers and flame retardants may remain. Moreover, the waste plastics may still remain the pollution when they are used for the first time.

  The reporter learned from the Third Hospital of South Medical University that some harmful chemicals left in express packaging may cause human allergies or decline in skin immune function, and in severe cases, it may affect the liver and kidneys through blood circulation. Although chemicals need to be volatilized at high temperature or for a long time, at present, centralized sorting and long-distance container transportation are generally adopted in the logistics industry, which may not only aggravate the pollution efficiency, but also contaminate the bacteria and pollution carried by the packager and the surrounding environment, further increasing its dirtiness. "The bacteria on a courier package are sometimes much more than those on the toilet lid, and even equal to turning over the trash can."

  Secret 2

  Reduce costs layer by layer to create unhealthy postal parcels.

  "In fact, this is a vicious circle brought about by compression costs." Xiaoyan, a Wechat business who often sends express delivery, told the reporter, "Now the competition between Taobao and Wechat business is too fierce. Most merchants have introduced parcel post to attract customers, and the cost of express delivery is borne by themselves. Therefore, we usually choose our own logistics providers, and the express packaging used is relatively cheap, the quality is poor and not environmentally friendly. In order to ensure that the goods are not damaged by violent sorting, sun and rain on the way, we can only ask the courier to pack several layers … … In this way, there may be one more pollution for every extra layer of packaging. "

  "Especially for some fragile products, if the road is damaged, the courier and the merchant need to pay the bill together." A courier said that their response is simple: wrap several more layers. Why not switch to more environmentally friendly and durable packaging materials? When the courier was asked this question, he looked helpless: "If each courier can earn more than ten yuan or even dozens of yuan, who doesn’t want to use good packaging materials, but now a courier bag only earns one yuan and eighty cents, how can it afford a good packaging bag?" The courier also said that all express delivery companies are now adopting a "simple and extensive" way to seize the market, and no one wants to lose users with high orders such as "Wechat business" and "E-commerce" because of better packaging materials, so they can only bite their teeth and use low-priced packaging materials.

  As a result, the courier violently sorts, the transportation process is exposed to the sun and rain, the express packaging is getting thicker and thicker, and the cost of a single plastic bag is repeatedly compressed … … It has formed a vicious circle, and it has also caused many citizens who love online shopping to encounter "poison parcels" more frequently.

  How to tell:

  Look at the parcel by color

  Not completely reliable

  Is there an industry standard for express delivery in plastic bags? How do express delivery companies in Guangzhou do it? The reporter learned from Guangzhou Post that at present, Guangzhou has compiled the "Specifications for Goods Mail Packaging and Selling Products". The plastic film packaging bags of the postal system are made of resin as the main raw material, and after die-cutting, printing and sealing, they are made into environmentally-friendly bag-type packaging products that can be directly used by users. The courier has the responsibility to ensure the cleanliness and hygiene of the parcel during the period of receiving the courier until it is delivered to the home. In other words, as long as citizens send things from the post office, they hardly have to worry about receiving "poisonous parcels" and "polluted parcels".

  The relevant person in charge of SF Express also told the reporter that at present, they have carefully classified the seven packaging materials of express delivery, and strictly classified the packaging raw materials that can be recycled, reused and used once, and the required materials have also passed the inspection of relevant departments. If the public finds that the express package is damaged and polluted during transportation, they can refuse it.

  Recently, there is a popular saying on the Internet: "You can tell whether the express package is poisonous or not by looking at the color": paper express package is the most expensive and rarely seen; Followed by white plastic bags, about 0.25 yuan each, which are relatively rare and have the least pollution in plastic packaging; Once again, it is green and yellow, half is made of old materials and half is made of new materials, and aviation parts are occasionally visible; The most common is gray-black, which is almost made of "recycled materials" and may leave a lot of harmful substances. For this statement, people in the industry said: "The statement that gray-black pollution is great is because the recycled old plastics are colorful, and it is easiest to cover the primary colors by adding gray-black, but it is not reliable to judge the pollution degree and the adverse effects on people’s health. The best way is to use high-quality materials of high-end logistics. "

  Relevant policies

  Introduce a plan to promote

  Express green packaging

  According to the website of the central government, China’s express delivery exceeded 20.6 billion pieces in 2015, ranking first in the world. However, the huge amount and variety of packaging in the express delivery industry and the environmental problems it brings have also attracted great attention from the society. The State Post Bureau recently issued the Implementation Plan for Promoting Green Packaging in Express Industry (hereinafter referred to as the Implementation Plan) to improve the utilization efficiency of express packaging, reduce packaging consumption and reduce environmental pollution.

  The "Implementation Plan" requires that during the "Thirteenth Five-Year Plan" period, the use rate of environmentally-friendly boxes, bags and tapes that meet the standard requirements in the express delivery industry will increase substantially, and the use of transfer boxes, cage cars and other equipment will be promoted to further reduce the use of woven bags and tapes. By 2020, packaging materials with excessive toxic and harmful substances will be basically eliminated, and a socialized recycling system for express packaging will be basically established.

  In view of the problem of "over-packaging" that express users reflect more, the plan proposes to encourage enterprises to explore simple packaging and reduce secondary packaging.

The international gold price is on a "roller coaster", and this precious metal has greater rising potential next year?

Recently, the international gold spot and futures market prices have hit record highs, which has aroused widespread concern in the market. On December 4th, new york gold futures and London spot gold both broke through the $2,100 mark per ounce, with new york gold futures hitting a record high of $2,152.3 per ounce and London spot gold hitting a record high of $2,144.68 per ounce.

However, in the following trading days, the price of gold showed a high downward trend, and the upward price appeared to be powerless. As of the close of the 7th, the most active February 2024 gold futures price in the New York Mercantile Exchange gold futures market fell by $1.5 to close at $2,046.4 per ounce.

Some analysts said that considering that the current inflation in the United States is still resilient, it is difficult to start the interest rate cut cycle in the first quarter of next year, and the US bond issuance in the first quarter of next year is still at a historical high, thus limiting the downside of the US bond interest rate, and the gold price may face callback pressure in the short term.

"In the short term, we are still cautious." Highfill, chief investment director of UBS Global Wealth Management, explained to the First Financial Reporter that the market’s bet on the Fed’s interest rate cut next year may be over-optimistic, and the hedging premium brought by geopolitical risks may be further digested. In addition, the further rise of gold may need to see the continuous net inflow of funds into gold exchange-traded funds (ETFs).

Vision china diagram

Vision china diagram

The medium-term prospects are still optimistic.

Nevertheless, Highfill is optimistic about the medium-term prospects of gold. Looking forward to 2024, UBS believes that the gold price will look at $2,250, and the Fed’s narrative will turn to easing and cutting interest rates, which will further open up the upside of gold prices.

"The trend of gold after the Palestinian-Israeli conflict supports our view that gold is an important asset for medium and long-term capital allocation. We believe that in a balanced investment portfolio, the proportion of gold allocation in the middle single digits is appropriate." Highfill thinks that when the price of gold falls below $2,000, it is an opportunity to further invest in gold.

In November, the trend of international gold price first suppressed and then rose. At the beginning of the month, the market’s risk aversion to the Palestinian-Israeli conflict gradually cooled down, and the safe-haven premium of gold began to ebb. Even in the context of the downward fluctuation of the US dollar index, the price of gold still showed a high downward trend. After the safe-haven premium was digested, the downward trend of the US dollar index and US bond interest rates pushed up the price of gold as the inflationary pressure in the United States in October eased more than expected and the superimposed economic momentum slowed down.

On November 14th, data released by the US Department of Labor showed that inflation cooled down more than expected. In October, the consumer price index (CPI) in the United States dropped from 3.7% in the previous month to 3.2%, which was lower than the market expectation of 3.3%. The chain was flat, the smallest increase since July 2022. At the same time, the core CPI excluding food and energy decreased from 4.1% last month to 4.0%, lower than the market’s previous forecast of 4.1%; The chain rose by 0.2%, the smallest increase since July this year.

In October, housing fell to 0.3% month-on-month and 6.7% year-on-year, which is still at a high level. From the historical experience, the rent price involved in housing CPI is often sticky, lagging behind the house price for one to two years. On November 29th, S&P CoreLogic Case-Shiller national house price index data showed that house prices in 20 cities in the United States rose by 3.9% year-on-year in September, and it has been 19 months since the peak in April 2022.

Analysts said that with the Fed raising interest rates and shrinking the table, the 30-year mortgage interest rate in the United States soared to over 7% at the end of October last year, and rose to over 7.0% again in August this year. Under the pressure of high interest rates, the housing breakdown is expected to continue to improve in the fourth quarter, which will further ease inflationary pressures.

The resilience of the labor market is the basis for American residents to maintain their spending power, and it is also the key to the resilience of inflation. Recently, a number of data show that the US job market has obviously cooled down. On December 6th, the American private sector (ADP) employment report, known as "small non-agricultural", showed that the number of new jobs in ADP was lower than expected for four consecutive months in November, and the number of new jobs was revised down in October, while the wage growth rate in November hit a new low in more than two years.

All these have enhanced investors’ expectations for the Fed to cut interest rates next year. In addition, the tone of Fed officials’ speeches has eased recently. In his latest speech, Waller, a Fed governor who has always been "hawkish", mentioned the possibility of starting to cut interest rates after inflation continues to return, which triggered the market’s pricing of early interest rate cuts, driving the real interest rate and the US dollar to fall back at the same time, which boosted the gold price.

Nicky Shiels, metal strategist at MKS PAMP, said: "Gold has become a barometer reflecting the Fed’s interest rate cut expectations and market risk aversion."

Regarding the reasons for the recent rise in gold prices, analysts also believe that there are factors such as the wave of gold purchases by the central bank and the safe-haven premium brought by the geopolitical situation.

Aakash Doshi, head of commodity research in the Americas at Citigroup, said that despite the rapid rise in interest rates, the purchase by central banks was the key reason why the value of gold remained strong last year.

Is there more potential for silver prices to rise?

However, unlike the central bank’s continuous gold purchase fever, the global gold ETF has flowed out of 189 tons since the beginning of the year, and it has shown a net outflow trend for six consecutive quarters, which of course caused some investors’ concerns.

At the same time, analysts said that as the anchor of short-term pricing of gold prices, the US bond interest rate currently lacks the conditions for a downward trend. Therefore, there is a high probability that the price of gold will remain high in the short term.

Suki Cooper, an analyst at Standard Chartered Bank, said: "In the past two years, the gold market has always rushed to the monetary policy shift.Although we expect the Fed’s next move will be to cut interest rates, we don’t think it will happen soon. "

In contrast, analysts believe that,The price of silver is still seriously undervalued. With the improvement of risk appetite, silver is more elastic as a "shadow of gold" than gold and silver. And historically, it has outperformed gold in the gold bull market.

On the 7th, the price of silver futures for delivery in March 2024 closed down 16.9 cents to US$ 24.059 per ounce, and the ratio of gold to silver was 85:1, which was still at a high level in history. Looking back on the trend of gold-silver ratio in recent 50 years,The duration of high gold-silver ratio is limited, and most of the time fluctuates between 40:1 and 60:1.In 2011, the ratio fell to 30:1, and in 1979 it fell below 20:1.

Peter Schiff, chief economist of Euro Pacific Asset Management, said that at the current price, silver is really cheap, the price of silver is obviously undervalued, and the market supply and demand deficit is serious. "I think silver is especially in a good opportunity for allocation, because gold is at a record high, and silver must double to hit a record high. This shows that silver is very cheap. " He said.

Indeed, from the perspective of supply and demand dynamics, according to the latest forecast of Oxford Economic Research Institute, the demand for silver in industrial applications, jewelry production and silverware manufacturing is expected to nearly double in the next 10 years.

In 2022, the demand for silver set a record in all categories. At the same time, the output decreased slightly by 0.6% to 822.4 million ounces, resulting in a market deficit of 237.7 million ounces last year, which is the second consecutive year. The Silver Research Institute predicts that the demand will reach 1.17 billion ounces this year, while the estimated supply is 1.02 billion ounces. Although this will reduce the gap to 142.1 million ounces, it will still be the second largest deficit in more than 20 years.