CCTV News:The Ministry of Water Resources announced today (September 18th) that the Yellow River Basin has made phased progress in ecological environment improvement and water-saving development since the strategy of ecological protection and high-quality development was put forward two years ago.

　　In terms of strengthening ecological protection, in the past two years, through ecological regulation, the ecological flow of 15 sections of the main stream and 6 tributaries of the Yellow River has all reached the standard, the ecology of key lakes and wetlands has continued to improve, and the wetland area at the estuary has increased by 1627 hectares.

　　In terms of strengthening water management, in the past two years, the water-saving evaluation of planning and construction projects has been comprehensively promoted, and the annual water intake of the project has been reduced by 44.34 million cubic meters. According to statistics, in 2020, the water consumption per 10,000 yuan of GDP, 10,000 yuan of industrial added value and the average irrigation water consumption per mu in the Yellow River Basin will decrease by 3.4%, 9.3% and 8.8% respectively compared with 2019.

　　For many industries, such as college teachers, engineers, doctors and nurses, publishing papers is a "hard lever" for being awarded professional titles. Where there is demand, there is a market. On the network platform, a large number of intermediaries and sellers have entered the line of sight by searching for keywords such as "paper" and "publication". They claim to be "providing topics, writing and publishing services" and "one-stop, time-saving and efficient". It seems that with their help, it is very easy to publish articles in regular journals.

　　Beijing Youth Daily reporter noted that the generation of papers has spawned a complete interest chain, but the risks behind it are often ignored by people who are bent on "taking shortcuts". Due to the eagerness to publish, some people have been drained to various agencies with mixed quality. What’s more, even the follow-up employment notices, periodicals and magazines are false.

　　Take advantage of the victim’s "guilty conscience"

　　Junior high school students cheat highly educated doctors.

　　Ms. Wang, 41, from Jiangyan District, Taizhou City, Jiangsu Province, is an employee of a local hospital. Due to the evaluation of professional titles by her unit, she needs to publish papers in relevant academic journals. Ms. Wang, who hasn’t written for many years, has some troubles. She was tempted when she heard from a friend that there are "gunmen" on the Internet who specialize in "writing and publishing papers on behalf of others".

　　In May last year, Ms. Wang found many "merchants" who wrote and published papers on behalf of others through online search. Later, she chose one of the "institutions" for a simple consultation and added the micro-signal provided by the other party to establish contact. The other party claims that it can not only distribute papers, but also provide ghostwriting services according to professional needs, and ensure that the papers written on behalf of it can be published.

　　The other party also sent some previous "successful examples" to Ms. Wang, and said that "the company should cooperate with several journals in depth" and reminded not to worry. After the two sides agreed on the price, Ms. Wang first paid the other party a "deposit" of 3,000 yuan through WeChat, and agreed to write the paper and talk about the publication after confirmation.

　　Three months later, Ms. Wang received the paper as scheduled, and the content was related to the topic she provided, but the quality was not high and there was no research result, so it should be difficult to publish it under normal circumstances. The other party told her that as long as she paid the manuscript fee again, she could publish it in a national journal. Although Ms. Wang was somewhat suspicious, she turned to the agreed 5,500 yuan. After the transfer, I waited for several months and didn’t see the paper published.

　　Realizing that she was cheated, at the end of April this year, Ms. Wang, who was ashamed and angry, was persuaded by her family and chose to call the police. After receiving the police, Jiangyan police inquired in detail about the process of being cheated and collected and verified relevant transfer records and other evidence. Later, the police arrested 12 suspects, including Huang.

　　According to Sun Qiao, a police officer handling the case in Jiangyan, most of the criminal gangs have junior high school education and only two have high school education. They simply don’t have the ability to write and distribute professional papers, but they have mastered some "routines" and "words" for writing and distributing papers. There are more than 1,000 cases involving gangs, and most of the victims involved are doctors and nurses. The amount of fraud per person is about 5,000 to 10,000 yuan.

　　In addition to the online platform advertisements that deceived Ms. Wang, Sun Qiao said that there are still several staff members in the gang who are responsible for "running business" offline. They focused their attention on hospitals around the country, photographed the address book of medical staff and summarized it into the company system. After that, other staff in the office made up the editor’s identity of a certain periodical, and sent text messages to doctors and nurses one by one to ask if there were any related needs and seek specific "cooperation".

　　"It is disgraceful to write and publish papers on behalf of others. After discovering that I was cheated, I chose ‘ Silence ’ Criminal gangs are very smart, and they use this psychology to commit fraud. " Sun Qiao said.

　　"Take a shortcut" for evaluating professional titles

　　Received a fake magazine after handing out the paper.

　　Compared with Ms. Wang in Jiangsu who didn’t even see the sample publication after spending money, Mr. Zhang in Beijing is even more bitter and can’t tell. Mr. Zhang is the backbone of a construction company in Beijing. This year, he waited for the opportunity to evaluate the intermediate title. Because Mr. Zhang was eager to publish his paper within the time limit stipulated in the title selection, he searched online and found a magazine that claimed to be able to distribute core periodicals on his behalf.

　　After Mr. Zhang provided his own paper, the "magazine editor" told Mr. Zhang that the content of his paper was really not very good, and it might be a little difficult to publish it, but they could provide paid ghostwriting services for Mr. Zhang. I thought that I would have to invest a lot of time and energy in writing another paper. If I didn’t say it, I might still fail. So after careful consideration, Mr. Zhang decided to spend money to solve the problem.

　　Twenty days later, Mr. Zhang received the periodical. Looking at his published papers, he felt that the money was not wasted. However, when he was full of joy and took the published paper to select the title, he was rejected. "Just say that this magazine is fake and ask me where I contacted this magazine. I also wrote a review."

　　The title was not evaluated and was punished by the unit, which made Mr. Zhang very regretful. This magazine in my hand is very formal and clearly printed with the serial number of the public issue. How can it be fake?

　　So he contacted the editor who helped him publish the paper at the first time. Unexpectedly, the other party changed his previous enthusiasm and said very strongly that the unit’s disapproval was a matter of the unit and had nothing to do with them. It was impossible to get a refund, and then he was blacked out. At this time, Mr. Zhang felt that something was wrong and immediately reported the police.

　　The magazine provided by Mr. Zhang to Shunyi police in Beijing has a thickness of more than 100 pages, and its cover and layout look like a professional magazine in the construction industry. However, Shunyi police confirmed through investigation that this was a typical case of impersonating a regular magazine to commit fraud. Mr. Zhang received a counterfeit fake magazine, and the editors of the so-called magazine who contacted Mr. Zhang and collected money were also impersonating.

　　The police found that this is a criminal gang that swindles people who need to publish papers. The members of the gang have a clear division of labor and are very cunning. They make full use of the victim’s reluctance to let others know that they are writing and publishing papers on their behalf, and commit tens of thousands of crazy crimes. According to the survey, there are many kinds of magazines that this gang pretends to be, including medicine, science and technology, etc.

　　The reporter of Beijing Youth Daily noticed that many people who participated in the evaluation of Beijing’s professional titles in 2021 reported to the media that they were disqualified from participating in this year’s professional titles because the submitted journals were judged as false journals after submitting the preliminary examination materials.

　　These participants who have the same experience have one thing in common. They all send their papers to an intermediary or "editor" instead of directly contacting the publishing unit of the journal. After the intermediary arranged for the publication of the article, the participants even got a paper-based periodical with a unified serial number. They said that they did not expect to encounter fake journals.

　　China Association for Science and Technology has started special rectification.

　　Beijing is recorded in the integrity archives.

　　The reporter of Beijing Youth Daily noticed that a special rectification has been started for the cooperation between journals and "paper intermediaries" in spamming papers. On November 8th, official website, China Association for Science and Technology, issued the "Notice on Carrying out Special Inspection on Spamming of Papers in Journals in Charge of China Association for Science and Technology". According to the circular, the target of this special inspection is all journals whose papers are published by China Association for Science and Technology. Among them, it is important to check the periodicals with more than 2,000 papers published in the whole year, the periodicals with most papers of no more than 5,000 words or no more than 3 pages in each issue, the periodicals suspected of publishing papers beyond the scope in the annual inspection and reading in the past three years, and the periodicals with dense publishing cycles such as semi-monthly, weekly and so on.

　　The notice also mentioned that serious violations such as renting and selling periodical number pages and cooperating with "paper intermediaries" should be dealt with and corrected seriously according to law. Periodicals that are unsustainable and do not have the corresponding ability to publish and check are changed to the competent organizer, closed and cancelled.

　　On November 10th, 2021, the Beijing Municipal Bureau of Human Resources and Social Security issued the "Notice on Maintaining the Integrity Environment of Professional Title Evaluation" in official website. According to the circular, applicants who provide false materials, plagiarize other people’s works and academic achievements, or take other improper means will be disqualified in accordance with relevant regulations and recorded in the "blacklist" of professional title evaluation, and those who have obtained professional titles will be revoked and recorded in the integrity archives of professional title evaluation.

　　In addition, the notice also stated that the evaluation system for representative works of achievements has been fully implemented in Beijing. The applicant can independently select project reports, research reports, technical reports, engineering plans, design documents, performance reports, patents, monographs, papers and other performance achievements to submit to the title review. Please don’t believe the false propaganda of "fake journals", but pay attention to summarizing and refining the achievements in technology research and development, technology reform, technology application, standard setting, academic research and other aspects in daily work, and timely summarize and sort them out, and declare the title evaluation with the achievements that best reflect the ability level.

　　[Expert advice]

　　Papers and other "paper" indicators can not fully reflect the professional title ability.

　　Academic transformation achievements or ability assessment should be added.

　　Lawyer Deng Qianqiu of Beijing Zhongwen Law Firm told Beijing Youth Daily reporter that if the participants really don’t know that the periodical that published their papers is a false periodical, and the intermediary conceals the fact that the periodical is false and fabricates the truth that the paper has been published on the periodical, according to the relevant judicial interpretation, if the intermediary defrauds the property with a value of 3,000 yuan to 10,000 yuan, it may constitute a crime of fraud in criminal law.

　　If the periodical that publishes the paper is a real periodical, but the paper is not written by the participants, but written by the intermediary, the intermediary’s behavior is illegal; If the intermediary is an enterprise, the amount of illegal business operation reaches 500,000 yuan or the illegal income reaches 100,000 yuan, or if the intermediary is a natural person, the amount of illegal business operation reaches 50,000 yuan or the illegal income reaches 10,000 yuan, it should be criminally prosecuted for the crime of suspected illegal business operation.

　　Shen Teng, an adjunct professor at China University of Political Science and Law, a tutor for master students, and a lawyer at Beijing Shuaihe Law Firm, told Beijing Youth Daily that the personnel who participated in the title selection should "go straight and do the right thing", and integrity is the first. If the whole paper is written by others, it is definitely suspected of academic fraud and should be included in the "blacklist" of academic dishonesty.

　　Shen Teng said that the paper agency regarded writing on behalf of others as an industry, which ruined the social atmosphere. But the root cause is that even if this gang is destroyed, there will be other gangs like it; If this model is destroyed, it will be transformed into another model. The reason is determined by the supply and demand market of "paper" qualification examination. At present, many professional titles are evaluated by indicators, not by ability. And what is the index evaluation, as long as it meets the "paper" conditions on the appearance, this is not the ability to present.

　　For normative intermediaries, it is an organization that is familiar with procedures and data standards for qualification declaration. They are limited to assisting and helping the standardization of application procedures and standards of materials, and cannot participate in entities (writing on behalf of others and paying for them). In the above cases, it is no problem for the intermediary to fabricate relevant facts for the purpose, and it is classified as fraud.

　　Shen Teng suggested that "paper" indicators such as papers can’t fully reflect a person’s professional title ability, and academic transformation achievements or ability assessment and even psychological testing should be added. By face-to-face, video or practice, the appraisers’ academic, achievements and abilities are randomly verified in substance. Once fraud is found, or verified by reporting, it will be included in the national academic integrity credit information sharing platform, and accountability will be restricted.

　　Text/reporter Zhu Jianyong

CCTV News:Automobile has always been the focus of expanding domestic demand and promoting consumption in various places. At the same time, the development of automobile industry plays a "ballast stone" role in stabilizing the economy. Recently, various localities have promoted automobile consumption through various policies.

At the third spring automobile consumption exhibition in Wuhu, Anhui Province, which ended last week, merchants launched preferential discounts with different strengths for different brands and models. At the same time, Wuhu Municipal Bureau of Commerce has also issued a limited amount of 2 million yuan of automobile coupons, and consumers who buy new cars or trade-in cars for more than 100,000 yuan will be given consumption subsidies ranging from 3,000 yuan to 6,000 yuan. According to statistics, this auto show has accumulated 17,000 visitors in three days, and 438 vehicles were sold, with total sales reaching 65.32 million yuan.

Wang Shouqiang, director of the Market System Construction Division of the Anhui Provincial Department of Commerce, said: "We will promote the promotion of new cars, trade in old ones, scrap and update as a whole, create a gathering area for automobile quality consumption, and encourage development ‘ 4S shop+live broadcast ’ Automobile sales model, guiding automobile sales enterprises to gather and develop and improve their quality. “

In Harbin, Heilongjiang Province, a total of 30 million yuan of government funds were distributed to promote consumption, and some car dealers also launched multiple promotional activities simultaneously.

The data shows that from January to February, 2024, the production and sales of automobiles in China were 3.919 million and 4.026 million respectively, up by 8.1% and 11.1% respectively.

Wang Du, assistant to President china automobile dealers association, said: "Since the beginning of this year, the growth of the entire automobile market has been relatively good, and we expect the growth in March to be relatively large."

"Trade-in" Policy to Promote Automobile Consumption

With the introduction of trade-in policies in various places, the "fast forward button" is pressed for automobile circulation consumption. Let’s look at the reports sent back by reporters from Ningxia and Sichuan.

In the past few days, Ningxia has taken the lead in launching a trade-in campaign to promote consumption. As the first activity of the series of activities of "Consumption Promotion Year" in Ningxia in 2024, the local government has carried out activities such as cars entering shopping malls, rural areas and communities through a combination of policies such as scrapping (recycling) subsidies, discounting old cars and subsidies for new cars. The maximum subsidy for consumers to buy new cars can reach 7,000 yuan.

Vivi, deputy director of the Market Operation and Consumption Promotion Department of the Department of Commerce of Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region, said: "Improve the recycling system of scrapped cars, used household appliances and furniture, maximize the leverage of policies, and maximize the benefits to the people."

The most obvious change in trade-in is also reflected in the second-hand car trading market. In Sichuan Shuangliu International Airport Business District, the largest used car trading market in Southwest China, covering an area of over 100,000 square meters, was officially unveiled. The whole building integrates sales, acquisition, after-sales and insurance, and consumers can experience the whole process services such as car selection, car purchase, replacement and formalities on the same day.

Cancel the policy of moving restrictions and gradually implement it to accelerate the circulation of used cars.

In addition to price concessions, with the gradual implementation of the policy of completely canceling the restrictions on the movement of used cars, many used car dealers have also launched the national car source allocation service, which has accelerated the circulation of used cars.

According to china automobile dealers association’s data, from March 1 to 17 this year, the transaction volume of used cars was 850,000, double the same period of last month; It is estimated that the transaction volume in March will be around 1.7 million vehicles, up 41% from the previous month and 8.2% from the same period last year.

Relying on two centralized sales clusters, six used car trading markets, six car rental enterprises and more than 60 car retail enterprises above designated size, this year, Chengdu continued to build an international airport car consumption cluster in Shuangliu District with the engine of "Airport Shuangliu Car Purchase without Worry".

This year, the Ministry of Commerce will continue to implement measures to facilitate the sale and export of used cars, accelerate the activation of the second-hand market of new energy vehicles, promote the improvement of socialized maintenance service capabilities of new energy vehicles, study and standardize the recycling behavior of power batteries of scrapped new energy vehicles, encourage scrap motor vehicle recycling and dismantling enterprises to improve their resource reuse capabilities, and at the same time, strengthen supervision around the quality issues of used cars that consumers are most concerned about.

Wang Du, assistant to President china automobile dealers association, said: "Now the replacement demand has exceeded the first purchase, and the used car has completely entered a new period. The core issue here is actually the transparency of the car condition. If consumers can truly know the condition of used cars and someone is responsible, consumers will be more willing to buy used cars, so as to promote the flow and utilization of cars and ensure the healthy development of the entire automobile industry. "

Ministry of Commerce: Improving the convenience of new energy vehicle consumption service

The reporter learned from the Ministry of Commerce that this year, we will focus on the implementation of automobile trade-in, focus on the whole industrial chain, expand the new energy vehicle market in the whole process, and support the development of new energy vehicles. A few days ago, Shanghai officially released a new round of fuel vehicle trade-in subsidy policy and new energy vehicle replacement policy.

From January 1 to December 31 this year, individual consumers can apply for a one-time subsidy of 10,000 yuan for car purchase by scrapping or transferring their qualified passenger cars and buying pure electric new cars, and they can settle the accounts on the same day.

The landing of a series of incentive policies will bring a strong boost to the automobile consumption market. The data shows that in 2023, Shanghai’s new energy vehicle market hit a number of new highs, and 354,000 new energy vehicles were promoted. Pure electric vehicles accounted for more than 50% of the newly added private vehicles, and the green and low-carbon action goal of Shanghai’s transportation sector was completed ahead of schedule.

Optimize supporting services to further facilitate car purchase.

In addition to introducing a variety of preferential policies for automobile consumption, various localities have also optimized related supporting services to further facilitate consumers to buy cars and cars.

In Zhenjiang, Jiangsu Province, the local power supply department further simplified the charging pile installation process. After purchasing new energy vehicles, consumers only need to download the corresponding mobile phone application software and apply for installation, which can be installed in an average of 5 working days.

According to the data of the Ministry of Commerce, in 2023, the sales volume of new energy vehicles in China reached 9.495 million, a year-on-year increase of 37.9%, which effectively promoted the growth of the automobile consumption market. Now, new energy vehicles have become a hot spot of mass consumption, and charging piles and corresponding supporting services are also stepping up their layout.

Wang Du, assistant to President china automobile dealers association, said: "The whole service maintenance network system and charging piles must go to the countryside simultaneously, so that new energy vehicles can develop healthier and consumers’ satisfaction is higher."

　　Reading tips

　　Mycoplasma pneumonia mostly occurs in autumn and winter, and there are sporadic cases in other seasons. At the initial stage of infection, the symptoms are similar to those of the common cold, which should be comprehensively judged according to the onset time, clinical symptoms, physical examination, imaging examination and pathogenic examination.

　　Recently, mycoplasma pneumonia has aroused concern, and most of the patients infected with mycoplasma pneumonia in hospitals across the country are children. The disease control departments in Beijing, Shanghai, Jiangsu, Shaanxi and other places all issued reminders, and there was a peak in pediatric clinics.

　　The reporter found that the number of outpatient and emergency departments in many hospitals in Beijing has increased to varying degrees. Most of the patients are children, but many adults have been recruited. Xu Baoping, director of the Department of Respiratory Medicine of Beijing Children’s Hospital, said that since September, the number of daily outpatients in the fever and cough clinic of Beijing Children’s Hospital has increased, and about 20% of the children tested positive for mycoplasma pneumoniae. In autumn, other pathogens such as respiratory syncytial virus, influenza virus, rhinovirus, adenovirus and other infections have also increased.

　　Mycoplasma pneumoniae can be repeatedly infected.

　　The reporter learned from Chaoyang Hospital in Beijing that mycoplasma pneumonia (MPP) refers to pulmonary inflammation caused by mycoplasma pneumoniae (MP) infection, which can involve bronchi, bronchioles, alveoli and interstitial lung. Mycoplasma pneumoniae pneumonia is the most important community-acquired pneumonia in children aged 5 and above in China.

　　Mycoplasma pneumonia mostly occurs in autumn and winter, and there are sporadic cases in other seasons. Some people think that the prevalence rate of children under 5 years old is low, but it is not uncommon for young children to be infected.

　　Mycoplasma pneumoniae is divided into many categories, with fever and cough as the main clinical manifestations, which may be accompanied by headache, runny nose, sore throat and earache. Fever is mainly moderate to high fever, and persistent high fever indicates serious illness. Cough is more severe, which can be similar to whooping cough. Some children have wheezing, especially infants. The early signs of the lungs may not be obvious, and with the progress of the disease, there may be a decrease in breathing sounds and dry and wet rales.

　　Mycoplasma pneumonia is contagious. It can be transmitted by droplets and direct contact, and it can be repeatedly infected. It is not always immune once. Experts remind that if there are two or more babies at home, they need to be isolated.

　　Because Mycoplasma pneumoniae can affect both upper and lower respiratory tract, when the upper respiratory tract is initially infected, there are symptoms similar to the common cold, such as stuffy nose, sore throat and fever. Whether you are infected with mycoplasma pneumoniae and whether the infection progresses to pneumonia needs to be comprehensively judged according to the onset time, clinical symptoms, physical examination, imaging examination and pathogenic examination.

　　Dong Xiaoyan, director of the respiratory department of Shanghai Children’s Hospital, said that if school-age children have symptoms of respiratory infection, persistent fever and aggravated cough during the epidemic season of mycoplasma pneumoniae, parents should be especially vigilant, and there may be mycoplasma pneumoniae infection. If the child is clearly infected with mycoplasma pneumoniae, and there are persistent high fever, listlessness, cough with vomiting, etc., it is necessary to seek medical attention in time.

　　There are more children with mycoplasma pneumoniae infection this year than in previous years.

　　Cao Ling, director of the Department of Respiratory Medicine of the Capital Institute of Pediatrics, said in response to the media that the high incidence of mycoplasma pneumoniae infection is from August to December every year in Beijing, and it usually reaches its peak around November every year. However, as far as this year’s situation is concerned, it is hard to say when the future summit of mycoplasma pneumoniae infection will occur. There are indeed more children infected with mycoplasma pneumoniae this year than in previous years, mainly concentrated in school-age children.

　　With the high incidence of mycoplasma pneumonia in children, there are more patients with mycoplasma pneumonia in adults. It is reported that a 32-year-old patient with mycoplasma pneumonia was admitted to the Department of Infectious Pulmonary Diseases of Ningbo Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine recently. While he was hospitalized, the children at home were also hospitalized, and a family of three people were recruited one after another.

　　Sun Minghuan, an attending Chinese physician in the Department of Infectious Pulmonary Diseases, reminded that Mycoplasma pneumoniae is contagious. When someone at home has symptoms such as fever and cough, he should see a doctor as soon as possible, and his family should be well protected to avoid infection.

　　Adults who stay with children infected with mycoplasma pneumoniae for a long time are still not to be underestimated. Dr. Sun Minghuan said that the susceptible population of mycoplasma pneumonia is children and adolescents, but recently, the number of adult patients with mycoplasma pneumonia admitted to them has also increased significantly compared with the past. Like mycoplasma pneumonia in children, mycoplasma pneumonia in adults is characterized by fever and cough, which may be accompanied by symptoms such as headache, runny nose, sore throat and earache. Cough is more severe and paroxysmal dry cough is more common.

　　How do parents deal with mycoplasma pneumonia?

　　Does mycoplasma pneumoniae positive mean that you have mycoplasma pneumonia? Zhang Yu, a researcher at China Center for Disease Control and Prevention, wrote that, in fact, mycoplasma pneumoniae positive and mycoplasma pneumonia are two different things.

　　The result of mycoplasma pneumoniae test is positive, suggesting that the pathogen may be infected, but the infection cannot be 100% confirmed. Detection methods of mycoplasma include PCR detection of nucleic acid and ELISA detection of antibody. Mycoplasma pneumoniae positive generally means antibody positive. There are two kinds of mycoplasma antibodies: IgM antibody and IgG antibody. If IgM antibody is positive, it indicates acute infection; If only IgG antibody is positive, it suggests that mycoplasma pneumoniae has been infected. In addition, any clinical detection method has a certain false positive rate. Therefore, a positive antibody test does not mean that you are infected with Mycoplasma pneumoniae.

　　Regarding whether mycoplasma pneumonia can cause "white lung", professionals said that mycoplasma pneumonia may bring mucus plugs to block the bronchi, which in turn will cause "atelectasis", that is, the air content of the lungs will be reduced, resulting in "white lung" in imaging. But this is two concepts with the "white lung" of diffuse lesions in both lungs.

　　By tapping the back to expel phlegm, eliminating phlegm with drugs, bronchoscopy and other means, the child can be cured in a short time, and basically will not cause life-threatening. Most children with mycoplasma pneumoniae infection have a good prognosis. Children with severe and refractory mycoplasma pneumoniae infection may leave lung structure or function damage, which requires long-term follow-up.

　　How to prevent mycoplasma pneumoniae infection? Experts say that in daily life, we should first ventilate more and gather less. At ordinary times, it is best to open the window and ventilate 2 to 3 times a day at home for 15 to 20 minutes each time. Avoid taking children to crowded and poorly ventilated public places in the near future. Secondly, we should maintain good personal hygiene habits, wash our hands and rinse our mouths frequently. Appropriate outdoor activities, pay attention to physical exercise, and ensure adequate rest time. In addition, clothing should be appropriate, and clothing should be increased or decreased in time when the climate changes, with warm hands and feet and no sweat.

I. Overview of the semiconductor industry

The market scale of domestic semiconductor industry is growing rapidly, but the demand supply is seriously unbalanced and highly dependent on imports. The self-sufficiency rate of domestic core chips is less than 10%.

In 2000 and 2020, China’s integrated circuit market accounted for the global share.

5G and AI technology

Science and technology innovation board has provided investment exit channels for hard technology enterprises, and the capital market has actively laid out hot tracks in science and technology innovation board including semiconductors.

Distribution of industries in science and technology innovation board

Second, the industrial chain structure of the semiconductor industry

Semiconductor industry chain

Third, the AI chip industry

AI chip mainly includes three technical routes: GPU, FPGA and ASIC, which are divided into cloud training chip, cloud reasoning chip and edge reasoning chip.

AI chip downstream application

On the edge, AI chip mainly includes four application scenarios: Internet of Things, mobile Internet, intelligent security and autonomous driving.

AI chip downstream application

Fourth, 5G chips

The market scale of mobile phone RF front-end chips is driven by the value growth of stand-alone RF chips.

Under the background of stable shipment of mobile terminal equipment, with the upgrade of communication network to 5G, the number and value of RF devices are increasing, and the market scale of RF front-end chip industry will continue to grow rapidly. From 2010 to 2018, the global RF front-end market scale will grow at an annual rate of about 13.10%, and it will be close to 19 billion US dollars by 2020.

RF front-end components have different growth rates. As the largest market segment of RF front-end, the market space of filters will increase from $8 billion in 2018 to $22.5 billion in 2023, with an annual growth rate of 19%, which is mainly due to the penetration of high-quality BAW filters. The market space of PA will increase from $5 billion to $7 billion, with an annual growth rate of 7%, mainly due to the growth of high-end and ultra-high frequency PA market, which will make up for the contraction of 2G/3G market.

Competition pattern of global RF front-end chip market

At present, the market concentration of RF front-end is high, and foreign manufacturers occupy the vast majority of the market share. The domestic demand brought about by the trade war is the biggest opportunity for domestic RF manufacturers.

The integration of RF front-end makes future acquisitions and mergers and acquisitions an important means of capital withdrawal, and acquisitions and mergers and acquisitions are also one of the ways for chip companies to become bigger and stronger.

V. Internet of Things Chip

With the rapid development of the Internet of Things, the upstream industries related to its universality and connectivity are the first to benefit.

With the implementation of relevant communication standards and the development of communication and cloud computing technology, the Internet of Things has entered the growing period from the initial introduction period.

From the perspective of industrial chain transmission, the Internet of Things will change from "rapid networking" to "scale networking+application services", and the upstream industrial chain links with universality and connection with the Internet of Things will benefit first, including communication chips, sensors and wireless modules.

Industrial structure of internet of things

Atlas of Internet of Things Chip Industry

Sixth, the memory chip

In 2018, the size of the memory market exceeded 160 billion US dollars, making it the largest field of semiconductors, accounting for 30%, and international giants occupied the market.

Atlas of memory chip industry

Seven, optical chip

The localization rate of high-speed optical chips is low, and almost all high-power laser chips depend on imports.

High-end (high-speed, high-power) optical chip industry has high barriers to entry, large investment, long cycle and great difficulty, especially chip material growth, chip design, chip manufacturing process and chip packaging are the core of optical chip R&D and manufacturing.

Atlas of optical chip industry

Eight, automotive chips

The development trend of automotive networking, intelligence and electrification promotes the development of automotive chips in the direction of high frequency, monolithic integration and low power consumption.

Nine, the third generation semiconductor

The third generation semiconductor materials have the properties of high voltage, high frequency and high temperature, and are widely used in the fields of photoelectricity, radio frequency and power.

The third generation semiconductor materials mainly include SiC, GaN, diamond, etc., and are also called wide band gap semiconductor materials because of their band gap width ≥2.3 eV. The third generation semiconductor materials have the advantages of high thermal conductivity, high breakdown field strength, high saturated electron drift rate and high bonding energy, which meet the new requirements of modern electronic technology for harsh conditions such as high temperature, high power, high voltage, high frequency and radiation resistance.

The construction of 5G base station promotes the rapid growth of GaN RF market.

Radio frequency device is the basic component of wireless communication equipment, which is responsible for the conversion, reception and transmission of electromagnetic signals and digital signals in wireless communication, and is the core of wireless connection.

In the past ten years, the application of national defense has been the main driving force to promote the development of GaN technology, and now these technologies are shifting from military to commercial. Due to their excellent high-frequency performance, most Hong Jizhan below Sub-6GHz will adopt GaN devices in the future, and 2019-2021 will be the key period for the construction of 5G infrastructure, and it will also be the key period for gallium nitride devices to replace LDMOS.

Atlas of the third generation semiconductor industry

X. MEMS chip

MEMS chip is the perception of a new generation of information technology

MEMS (Micro Electro Mechanical System) is an engineering technology that combines microelectronics and precision machinery. Its size is in the order of 1 micron to 100 microns, and it adopts the advanced manufacturing technology of integrated circuits. Compared with traditional products, MEMS has the advantages of miniaturization, high productivity, mass production and low cost.

MEMS technology is widely used in various sensor chips. Its core function is to convert physical signals into electrical signals that can be recognized by electronic devices. It is the perceptual basis and data source of the new generation of information technologies such as artificial intelligence, Internet of Things and big data. MEMS also has important applications in biology, optics, radio frequency, machinery and other fields.

The United States, Europe and Japan dominate the MEMS world, and the domestic MEMS industry is still in its infancy.

The layout of MEMS industrial chain in China is complete, but overall, the industry is still in the initial stage of development

The design and OEM links need to be strengthened. The OEM manufacturing is mainly based on 6-inch and 8-inch production lines, and the sealing and testing links have certain competitiveness.

There is a big gap between the products and foreign countries in terms of accuracy and sensitivity, and the application fields are moving from mobile phones and automobiles to VR/AR and Internet of Things.

Competition pattern of global MEMS market in 2018

XI. Semiconductor Equipment

Wafer manufacturing is the link with the largest proportion of equipment, with lithography, etching and thin film deposition accounting for the largest proportion, and industry giants are concentrated.

XII. Semiconductor materials

There are many market segments for wafer manufacturing and packaging materials, and the single market segment is small, and the industry giants are concentrated.

The market of semiconductor materials is more subdivided, the market space of single product is very small, and there are few pure semiconductor materials companies; Semiconductor materials are often only a small part of the business of some large material manufacturers, such as Dow Chemical Company, DuPont, Mitsubishi Chemical, Sumitomo Chemical, etc., and the semiconductor materials business is only a branch under its electronic materials business department; However, due to the strict requirements of semiconductor technology on materials, only a few suppliers can provide products for single semiconductor chemicals.

Silicon wafer giants are concentrated in Japan, South Korea, Germany and Taiwan, China; Only a few enterprises in Chinese mainland have the production capacity of 8-inch semiconductor wafers, while 12-inch semiconductor wafers mainly rely on imports.

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Original title: In-depth Report on Semiconductor Industry (Chip and Equipment Materials in Subdivision)

In recent years, cross-border e-commerce in China has made great efforts in the mature overseas e-commerce market. Customs data show that in the first three quarters of 2023, China’s cross-border e-commerce exports reached 1.3 trillion yuan, an increase of 17.7%.

The White Paper on Cross-border E-commerce Platforms in China in 2023 released by Nielsen, an international market research company, shows that more and more China e-commerce platforms have the ability to participate in global competition and even challenge the status of global e-commerce giants such as Amazon overseas. Among them, AliExpress, SHEIN, Tiktok Shop and Temu, the most representative AliExpress, are called "Four Little Dragons at Sea" by the media.

The data shows that in 2022, the global e-commerce market reached 5.5 trillion US dollars, a year-on-year increase of 5.8%; It is expected to reach 9.1 trillion US dollars in 2027, with a compound growth rate of 10.6% from 2022 to 2027. It is estimated that the cross-border e-commerce market in China will reach 26.3 trillion yuan in 2027, with a compound growth rate of 10.9% from 2022 to 2027.

So, what is the basic layout of global cross-border e-commerce, and how do they parallel with the cross-border e-commerce platform in China? Please learn about it with Xiaobian.

China dianshang platform

Alibaba.com

Alibaba International Station is a global trading platform under Alibaba Group, which aims to connect global buyers and suppliers and promote international trade. As one of the largest B2B (business-to-business) online trading markets in the world, Alibaba International Station, based on the world’s leading inter-business e-commerce website-Alibaba International Station trading platform, displays and promotes suppliers’ enterprises and products to overseas buyers, and then obtains trade opportunities and orders to help small and medium-sized enterprises expand their export marketing and promotion services in international trade. It is one of the first choice network platforms for export enterprises to expand international trade.

Temu

Temu, a cross-border e-commerce platform owned by Pinduoduo, was launched overseas on September 1st, 2022, with its first stop facing the North American market. Temu means "Team Up, Price Down", that is, the more people buy, the lower the price. Only one week after it was launched, it rushed into the 14th place of American shopping application. Temu’s products are all from brands and merchants owned by Pinduoduo, and they sell their products in the American market through Temu’s platform. Temu has strict auditing and sampling procedures for sellers and products to ensure product quality. Temu also provides services such as secure payment, fast logistics, privacy protection and purchase guarantee.

SheIn

SheIn is an international B2C fast fashion e-commerce company, headquartered in Guangzhou, China, which mainly deals in women’s wear, and also provides fashion items such as men’s wear, children’s wear, accessories, shoes and bags. Xiyin has risen rapidly in the European and American markets with the strategy of fast fashion and low price, and has become one of the world-renowned cross-border e-commerce platforms.

Foreign mainstream e-commerce platform

Amazon

Amazon, the largest online e-commerce company in America, is located in Seattle, Washington. Founded in 1995, Amazon has become the online retailer with the largest variety of goods in the world and the leading e-commerce enterprise in the United States. As one of the earliest companies that started to operate e-commerce on the Internet, Amazon only operated online book sales business at first, but now it has expanded to a wide range of other products, and has become the online retailer with the largest variety of goods in the world and the second largest Internet enterprise in the world.

eBay

EBay is an online auction and shopping website that allows people all over the world to buy and sell goods online. Its main services include online auction, e-commerce and shopping malls. Ebay has 37 independent websites and portals around the world, and the main sales sites in the world are: American station, British station, Australian station, German station, French station and China station. Covering more than 190 countries and regions, it has nearly 300 million users and supports 23 languages around the world.

AliExpress

AliExpress, launched in April 2010, is the only online trading platform for the global market under Alibaba. AliExpress is the third largest online shopping website in English in the world, which faces overseas buyers, conducts secured transactions through Alipay international accounts and uses international express delivery. The difference between AliExpress and Alibaba International Station lies in the different customer groups. The buyers of Alibaba International Station are mainly aimed at some foreign buyers, and the customer groups of AliExpress are mainly individuals. As mentioned above, Alibaba International Station belongs to B2B platform, while AliExpress belongs to B2C platform.

Wish

Wish was founded in 2011. At first, it pushed some product advertisements to users on Facebook according to the preference algorithm. In 2013, it began to transform into an e-commerce. Unlike Amazon and other old American e-commerce platforms, Wish is more like a grocery store, selling all kinds of low-priced goods, and most of the merchants are small and medium-sized brands. The advantages of price and cost performance have made Wish firmly encircle a group of non-high-consumption users.

Other e-commerce platforms

Lazada

Lazada, one of the largest online shopping websites in Southeast Asia. Supported by the German business incubator Rocket Internet, it is a company founded by Rocket Internet to create "Amazon in Southeast Asia". Lazada’s target is mainly users in Indonesia, Malaysia, the Philippines and Thailand. Mainly selling electronic products, clothes, appliances, books, cosmetics, etc., the market scope covers Indonesia, Malaysia, the Philippines, Thailand and Vietnam.

Shopee

Shopee is a common e-commerce platform in Southeast Asia and Taiwan, China. It was established in 2015 and is headquartered in Singapore. In recent years, Shopee’s business scope has gradually expanded to seven major markets: Malaysia, Thailand, Taiwan, China, Indonesia, Viet Nam and the Philippines.

Cdiscount

Cdiscount is a French shopping website with 16 million buyers. The distribution scope of the platform covers cultural products, food, IT products and many other categories, and the goods are exported to South America, Europe, Africa and other places. At present, Cdiscount’s international business is mainly distributed in Colombia, C? te d ‘Ivoire, Ecuador, Thailand and Vietnam. At the end of 2015, in order to benchmark Amazon France, Cdiscount added 4,000 categories to expand food channels. Hot-selling categories of the platform: 3C, mobile phone, mother and baby, household appliances, luggage, toys and home.

BingaBinga

BingaBinga is a shopping platform for middle and high-end people in Britain and Europe. The items on the platform are innovative, innovative and tasteful, which conforms to the British aesthetics and can give buyers a brand-new experience. BingaBinga not only gathers high-quality shops and distinctive products, but also the shopkeepers of the platform can run their own brands online, participate in online community exchanges and have offline parties.

La Redoute

La Redoute, a French fashion platform, was founded in 1837 and began to sell online in 1995. Now it covers more than 120 countries and has more than 70 brands. Ledute’s Chinese official website has been launched in China. Its products cover six categories: women’s wear, men’s wear, maternity wear, children’s wear, accessories and shoes, and support cash on delivery in 1,100 cities across the country.

Ozon

Ozon is the largest e-commerce platform in Russia and currently accounts for 20% of the Russian e-commerce market. The goal in the next decade is to gain 80% market share of Russian e-commerce. As we all know, domestic Taobao was full of opportunities in its early days, and many Taobao brands stood out. Today’s Ozon, just like Taobao in those days, many China sellers have entered this platform.

Gmarket

Gmarket is the largest comprehensive shopping website in Korea, ranking first in the total sales value of goods in the online retail market in Korea, mainly selling books, cosmetics, computers, home appliances, clothes and so on. On May 7, 2010, ebay announced that it would set up a joint venture company with the Korean e-commerce company Gmarket, and ebay invested 10 million US dollars. The joint venture company will help Gmarket explore the Japanese and Singapore markets.

Source: Zhejiang Trade Promotion is compiled from International Business Daily and China International Chamber of Commerce.

　　Core reading

　　As of this year, the Ministry of Ecology and Environment has carried out air pollution supervision and assistance in autumn and winter for five consecutive years. In the past five years, it has helped local governments find 284,000 problems, comprehensively found out the environmental problems of air pollution in key areas, and fully guaranteed the successful completion of the "Thirteenth Five-Year Plan" pollution prevention and control target.

　　□ Our reporter Qi Jianrong

　　With the recent issuance and implementation of the Plan for Comprehensive Control of Air Pollution in Autumn and Winter in 2021-2022 (hereinafter referred to as the Action Plan), the action to combat air pollution in autumn and winter in key areas in 2021-2022 has been fully launched. According to the requirements of the Action Plan, the Ministry of Ecology and Environment will continue to carry out atmospheric supervision and assistance in key areas such as Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei and surrounding areas to ensure the double reduction of heavily polluted weather and PM2.5 concentration.

　　According to Li Tianwei, inspector of the Law Enforcement Bureau of the Ministry of Ecology and Environment, as of this year, the Ministry of Ecology and Environment has carried out air pollution supervision and assistance in autumn and winter for five consecutive years. In the past five years, it has helped local governments find 284,000 problems, comprehensively found out the environmental problems of air pollution in key areas, and fully guaranteed the successful completion of the "Thirteenth Five-Year Plan" pollution prevention and control target.

　　Li Tianwei pointed out that this autumn and winter, the Ministry of Ecology and Environment will send a professional supervision and assistance team to strengthen supervision and law enforcement around key areas such as automatic monitoring and pollutant discharge permit, so as to do nothing to disturb law-abiding people and carry out precise strikes against offenders.

　　Found 284,000 problems in 5 years.

　　Suzhou Wanshen Flour Products Co., Ltd. (hereinafter referred to as Wanshen Company), located in Dongshili Circular Economy Park, Yongqiao District, Suzhou City, Anhui Province, mainly produces starch and has a 60t/h coal-fired boiler. According to the requirements of EIA approval, the boiler exhaust gas of Wanshen Company needs to be treated by SNCR denitration, bag dust removal and desulfurization wet electric dust removal integrated device, and then discharged through a new chimney equipped with automatic monitoring equipment.

　　However, in September this year, the law enforcement officers of the air quality improvement supervision and assistance working group in key areas sent by the Ministry of Ecology and Environment found during on-site inspection that part of the exhaust gas of Wanshen Company was not treated by the integrated desulfurization, wet electrostatic precipitation device, but was directly discharged through the abandoned old chimney without automatic monitoring equipment. This kind of behavior of Wanshen Company is a typical way to evade supervision and discharge air pollutants to pollute the environment.

　　Coincidentally. At the same time, Fuxin Liaoning Zhonghui Biotechnology Co., Ltd. stole air pollutants through emergency pipelines, Jinzhong Shanxi De Sheng Da Chemical Co., Ltd. stopped pollution control facilities without authorization, and air pollutants were discharged directly. A number of problems such as air pollutants discharged by Tangshan Rongyi Coking and Gas Making Co., Ltd. were verified.

　　In order to promote the continuous improvement of air quality in key areas, in early September, the Ministry of Ecology and Environment sent 16 professional groups and 46 regular groups to go deep into key areas to carry out air quality improvement supervision and assistance. Including Wanshen Company, Fuxin Zhonghui Biological, Jinzhong De Sheng Da, Tangshan Rongyi and other enterprises, were all found on the spot during this supervision and assistance.

　　According to Li Tianwei, the atmospheric supervision and assistance organized by the Ministry of Ecology and Environment began as early as 2017 and has lasted for five years this year.

　　"Since 2017, the Ministry of Ecology and Environment has coordinated the system-wide eco-environmental law enforcement team and backbone forces, and creatively organized and implemented atmospheric supervision and assistance in key areas." Li Tianwei said that through the investigation of more than 40 key special tasks, a total of 284,000 problems have been found in local areas, the environmental problems of air pollution in key areas have been comprehensively clarified, and the gap and crux of the formulation of policies, regulations and standards and the landing of tasks and measures have been identified, which has promoted the resolution of a large number of gas-related environmental problems.

　　According to Li Tianwei, since the 14th Five-Year Plan, the Ministry of Ecology and Environment has optimized and adjusted the supervision and assistance mechanism. This summer, this new mechanism was applied to the supervision and assistance of ozone pollution prevention and control in summer, focusing on key regional cities such as Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei and its surrounding areas, Fenwei Plain, and digging into key industries such as steel, coking, petrochemical, chemical and building materials, and found a large number of outstanding problems such as by-pass emissions, non-installation or abnormal operation of pollution control facilities, abnormal operation of automatic monitoring or fraud, and assigned more than 10,000 local gas-related environmental problems, thus realizing the new mechanism.

　　According to Wu Xianfeng, deputy director of the Atmospheric Environment Department of the Ministry of Ecology and Environment, since 2017, the air quality in key areas has been continuously improved through the implementation of the autumn and winter atmospheric attack. Among them. In autumn and winter of 2020, the concentration of PM2.5 in Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei and its surrounding areas and Fenwei Plain decreased by 37.5% and 35.1% respectively compared with the same period of 2016, and the days of heavy pollution decreased by 70% and 65% respectively. The Yangtze River Delta has basically eliminated the heavy pollution weather.

　　Heavy polluted weather still happens from time to time.

　　The Action Plan jointly issued by 10 ministries and commissions including the Ministry of Ecology and Environment, the National Development and Reform Commission and the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology, and the governments of seven provinces (cities) including Beijing, Tianjin and Hebei shows that in autumn and winter of 2020, the concentration of fine particulate matter (PM2.5) in Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei and its surrounding areas and Fenwei Plain showed a downward trend compared with the same period in 2016, and the people’s sense of blue sky acquisition and happiness were significantly improved.

　　At the same time, the Action Plan also pointed out that although positive results have been achieved in autumn and winter, the results of air quality improvement are still not stable. Heavy polluted weather in autumn and winter in Beijing, Tianjin and Hebei and surrounding areas, Fenwei Plain and other areas is still high and frequent, which not only affects the people’s health, but also directly affects the completion of the air quality improvement objectives and tasks in the 14 th Five-Year Plan.

　　Liu Bingjiang, director of the Department of Atmospheric Environment of the Ministry of Ecology and Environment, said that although China’s atmospheric environment has been improving continuously and rapidly, there is still a certain gap between the people’s expectations for blue sky, white clouds and twinkling stars and the goal of building a beautiful China. At present, PM2.5 pollution has not been fundamentally controlled; Ozone concentration is slowly increasing, which has become an important factor affecting air quality after PM2.5. Under unfavorable meteorological conditions, the process of heavily polluted weather still occurs from time to time. In addition, although the structural adjustment has made positive progress, the industrial structure dominated by heavy chemicals, the energy structure dominated by coal and the transportation structure dominated by highways have not been fundamentally changed, and the long-term, complex and arduous atmospheric environmental problems still exist.

　　This year is the first year of the 14th Five-Year Plan. The "Action Plan" pointed out that in the first half of this year, the product output and coal consumption of the "two high" industries rebounded significantly, and the pressure for continuous improvement of atmospheric environmental quality increased. According to Wu Xianfeng, this year’s tough action is mainly aimed at reducing heavy polluted weather and reducing PM2.5 concentration. On the basis of inheriting the effective work in the past, we will stick to the same direction and continue our efforts; Adhere to precise pollution control, scientific pollution control, and pollution control according to law, and further optimize and adjust the scope and measures of tackling key problems; Insist on treating both the symptoms and root causes, promote the adjustment of industry, energy and transportation structure, strengthen regional joint prevention and control, and actively respond to heavily polluted weather; At the same time, scientifically and reasonably set the average concentration of PM2.5 and the target of heavy pollution days in autumn and winter in relevant cities; While tackling the problem of atmospheric control, we will coordinate the stable operation of social economy and the protection of people’s livelihood, and focus on ensuring the supply of energy such as coal and electricity and ensuring warm winter.

　　Wu Xianfeng said that in 2021, the central air pollution prevention and control fund specially arranged subsidies for clean heating operation, and all of them have been distributed to local governments to ensure people’s warmth for the winter.

　　Investigating and handling nearly 200,000 illegal cases.

　　According to Li Tianwei, from 2016 to 2020, a total of 193,300 illegal cases involving gas environment were investigated and dealt with nationwide, with a total fine of 14.051 billion yuan. In the past five years, the proportion of gas-related administrative punishment cases and fines to all administrative punishment cases and fines has increased year by year. Among them, the proportion of gas-related administrative punishment cases to all administrative punishment cases has increased from 11.7% in 2016 to 36.5% in 2020, and the amount of fines has increased from 22.9% to 30.0%, especially the number of outstanding cases such as seizure, production restriction, administrative detention and suspected crime has increased significantly.

　　"Today’s autumn and winter atmospheric supervision and assistance will coordinate the two tasks." Li Tianwei said that one is to promote the task of tackling air pollution control in autumn and winter; The other is to timely investigate the implementation of emergency emission reduction measures according to the forecast and early warning of heavy pollution weather, and promote the "peak cutting and frequency reduction" of heavy pollution weather in autumn and winter.

　　Li Tianwei also revealed that the Ministry of Ecology and Environment is also deepening the application of "Clairvoyance" atmospheric environment remote supervision while organizing the national ecological environment law enforcement team to conduct on-site investigation directly at the ministerial level. "Analyze the high-value areas of fine particles and ozone concentration, identify the fire points and dust sources of straw burning, and push these alarm information to the local authorities. The local ecological and environmental departments will organize verification, give full play to local enthusiasm, and implement territorial supervision responsibilities." Li Tianwei said that "Clairvoyance" divided 428,000 square kilometers of 39 cities in key areas into 60,000 3km×3km grids by using satellite remote sensing, ground micro-stations and big data, and screened 5,000 hot-spot grids with high PM2.5 concentration for "kilometer-level" monitoring, and further accurately identified 1,000 500m×500m small grids for "100 m-level" monitoring.

　　According to Li Tianwei, since 2018, the Ministry of Ecology and Environment has pushed 65,000 pieces of abnormal environmental information to the ecological and environmental departments of 39 cities in Beijing, Tianjin and Hebei and its surrounding areas, and instructed local ecological and environmental departments to investigate 75,000 enterprises and found 51,000 gas-related environmental problems.

　　Li Tianwei pointed out that in autumn and winter this year, the Ministry of Ecology and Environment will continue to stick to the same direction and make unremitting efforts, anchor the goal of improving air quality, especially the goal of basically eliminating heavily polluted weather, continue to organize supervision and assistance work in key areas, and promote the prevention and control of air pollution in key areas during the 14 th Five-Year Plan period.

Starting: Xinhua Daily Telegraph on May 16th.

Authors: Xinhua Daily Telegraph reporters Xiao Sisi, Xu Hongyi, Hong Zehua, Hu Nayun.

At the beginning of the year, Aarafi, an Arab businessman who works and lives in Guangzhou, personally felt the challenge brought by the global epidemic to foreign trade business. When talking about the epidemic prevention measures in China, the president of Guangzhou Arab Chamber of Commerce and Yemeni Chamber of Commerce gave a thumbs up.

"The COVID-19 epidemic has been brought under control in China," he said. "This is remarkable for a country with a population of 1.4 billion."

Three months ago, Aarafi returned to Guangzhou from a Malaysian holiday and has not left since. Later, the community provided him with free nucleic acid testing. "The medical staff is very caring. They set up a test point, and I can test it at any time. " He said.

Nucleic acid detection is recognized as the "gold standard" for the diagnosis of Covid-19 infection. China promotes "due inspection and complete inspection" and "willing inspection and complete inspection" in nucleic acid detection, and "accurately and efficiently" fights the epidemic from the source, safeguards people’s health, and promotes comprehensive resumption of work and production.

Nucleic acid detection: finding and cutting off the source of infection

On April 22nd, the Central Committee held a meeting to respond to the COVID-19 epidemic situation, demanding "accelerating the improvement of detection capacity and carrying out large-scale detection of nucleic acids and antibodies", and pointed out that "this is not only conducive to accurate prevention and control, safeguarding people’s health, but also conducive to the rational flow of personnel and promoting comprehensive resumption of work and production."

From the beginning of the outbreak of Xinguan pneumonia, the World Health Organization regarded the detection of every suspected case as the top priority of epidemic prevention and control. At the beginning of May, WHO once again emphasized the importance of thorough examination. Nowadays, more and more countries are aware of the importance of nucleic acid and antibody detection, and have expanded the scope of detection.

According to the data from the websites of the British Ministry of Health and the US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, as of May 12th, there were more than 2 million swabs and serological tests in Britain and 9.72 million in Covid-19.

As of May 11th, there were more than 10.41 million copies, which is the amount of Covid-19 nucleic acid detected in Guangdong, the most populous province in China. As of May 11th, Guangdong Province has reported 1589 confirmed cases in COVID-19.

According to the relevant person in charge of the prevention and control headquarters in COVID-19, Guangdong Province, the epidemic situation in Guangdong Province continues to improve on the whole. However, as a big province of economy, trade and population mobility, the risk of overseas import still exists, and it is also facing the pressure brought by key areas and the gathering of people returning to work and production. The prevention and control situation of "external import and internal rebound" is still severe and complicated.

"Nucleic acid detection is the gold standard for the diagnosis of Covid-19-infected people," said the relevant person in charge of the prevention and control headquarters in COVID-19, Guangdong Province. According to the prevention and control of epidemic situation in Guangdong, taking the initiative to carry out nucleic acid detection can find confirmed cases and asymptomatic infected people as early as possible, accurately find and control the source of infection, thus cutting off the route of transmission, minimizing the risk of transmission, and ensuring the stable operation of economy and society.

Wu Jie, director of the Institute of Pathogenic Microbiology of Guangdong Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, has been working in the front line of anti-epidemic. Her institution successfully isolated the first novel coronavirus strain in Guangdong on January 27th, which provided important germplasm resources for developing vaccines and antiviral drugs.

"From the people who came to Guangdong from Hubei and imported workers to those who have resumed work and production at present, Guangdong has adopted nucleic acid testing to conduct large-scale investigations on key populations, which has been done earlier, more and better." Wu Jie said, "This has played a key role in epidemic prevention and control."

Should check and check, willing to check and check: Where does the "confidence" come from?

On January 30th, Guangdong Province began to carry out large-scale screening of nucleic acid detection for fever outpatients. After that, the coverage population gradually expanded, including close contacts, fever outpatients, patients with epidemiological history in medical institutions, and imported personnel from Hubei Province.

Medical institutions and disease control institutions are the main forces to fight the COVID-19 epidemic. The reporter saw in the First People’s Hospital of Guangzhou that the hospital specially opened a "resumption clinic" to facilitate the public to do nucleic acid testing. According to Cao Jie, president of the First People’s Hospital of Guangzhou, according to the requirements, the hospital has increased relevant personnel and purchased reagents, which greatly shortened the time for nucleic acid detection. At present, the average daily nucleic acid detection amount is about 1,500.

Under the normal prevention and control, Guangdong Province will continue to strengthen the laboratory construction of medical institutions above the second level and disease control institutions above the county level, and encourage qualified third-party testing institutions to provide testing services to fully meet the demand of "willing to do all the testing".

Whenever the evening approaches, there are more ambulances and logistics vehicles entering Guangzhou Jinyu Medical Inspection Group Co., Ltd. These vehicles come from the CDC, hospitals and other units in the city, and frequently transfer the Covid-19 test samples collected on the same day to this private medical inspection institution.

"From the New Year’s Eve to the present, our Guangzhou headquarters laboratory has been conducting nucleic acid testing for more than 100 days." Cheng Yating, assistant to the president of Guangzhou Jinyu Medical Inspection Group Co., Ltd. and general manager of the laboratory management center, said.

At present, Guangdong nucleic acid testing institutions have grown from 92 medical institutions, 37 disease control institutions and 6 third-party testing institutions to 170 medical institutions, 53 disease control institutions and 28 third-party testing institutions.

"In order to meet the coverage of nucleic acid testing, we have launched all institutions that can do it." According to the relevant person in charge of the prevention and control headquarters in COVID-19, Guangdong Province, the daily nucleic acid detection capacity in Guangdong Province now reaches 230,000 copies.

Nucleic acid detection makes epidemic prevention and control more accurate and effective.

A month and a half ago, Guangdong doctor Lin Bingliang followed China to Serbian anti-epidemic medical expert group and arrived there to carry out epidemic prevention and control work. The chief physician of infectious diseases, who has worked in clinic for nearly 30 years, realized that improving the level of nucleic acid detection would be one of the keys to prevention and control for a country that had never faced such a major infectious disease. "For a new disease, the key is to find it and then block the source." Lin Bingliang said.

When China’s expert group first arrived in Serbia, the amount of nucleic acid detection in the country was less than 300 cases per day, and the nucleic acid screening was mainly carried out in the local infectious disease hospitals, and there were not enough medical personnel who could take throat swab samples. At the suggestion of the expert group, one month later, by expanding the detection points, the daily detection volume in Serbia increased to 3,600 cases. At present, community clinics in Serbia have opened case screening, and first-,second-and third-level hospitals can screen cases.

In Iraq, the China Red Cross donated a set of nucleic acid detection laboratory equipment, including two PCR instruments and 50,000 nucleic acid detection reagents. Chen Huai, an expert from the First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University and a member of the China Red Cross expert group on Iraqi aid, said: "Improving Covid-19 detection capacity locally will help realize early detection, early isolation, early diagnosis and early treatment of patients."

According to Abbas, president of the Iraqi Red Crescent Society, China’s assistance and the arrival of the expert group are very important to Iraq, and testing is one of the most important measures to prevent and control the COVID-19 epidemic.

"Nucleic acid detection makes epidemic prevention and control more accurate, effective and timely, while antibody detection is used to evaluate the infection situation of the population at the later stage of the epidemic development. The starting points are different." Cheng Yating said: "Unlike other countries, which extrapolate the epidemic situation through the infection rate, we need to find out the disease and then control the epidemic. I am very proud to be involved. "

　　The Central Meteorological Observatory continued to issue gale blue warning, cold wave orange warning, frozen yellow warning and blizzard yellow warning at 06: 00 on February 22nd.

　　The Central Meteorological Observatory continued to issue a gale blue warning at 06: 00 on February 22:

　　It is estimated that from 08: 00 on February 22 to 08: 00 on February 23, there will be 5~6 winds in parts of central and western Tibet, southwestern Qinghai, Liaodong Peninsula and eastern Yunnan, with gusts of 7~8; The Bohai Sea, the Bohai Strait, the western waters of the Yellow Sea, the western waters of the East China Sea, the Taiwan Province Strait, the east side of Taiwan Province and the northeastern part of the South China Sea will have northerly winds of 7-8 grades and gusts of 9 grades.

　　The Central Meteorological Observatory continued to issue a cold wave orange warning at 06: 00 on February 22:

　　Affected by the cold wave, it is estimated that from 08: 00 on February 22 to 08: 00 on February 23, the temperature will drop by 6 ~ 8℃ in the central, eastern and southern parts of the south of the Yangtze River, the southeastern part of southwest China, and most parts of southern China, among which the temperature will drop by 10 ~ 14℃ in parts of southern Jiangnan, southeastern part of southwest China, northern and western parts of South China. Around the 23rd, the line with the lowest temperature of 0℃ will be pushed south to the areas from southern Jiangsu and Anhui to southern Hunan and southern Guizhou.

　　The Central Meteorological Observatory continued to issue a frozen yellow warning at 06: 00 on February 22:

　　It is estimated that from 08: 00 on February 22 to 08: 00 on February 23, there will be freezing rain or ice particles in parts of central and southern Anhui, southwestern Jiangsu, northwestern Zhejiang, central and eastern Hubei, most of Hunan, northwestern Jiangxi, eastern Guizhou and southeastern Chongqing, with freezing rainfall of 1 mm to 5 mm and local area of more than 10 mm.

　　The Central Meteorological Observatory continued to issue a yellow warning of blizzard at 06: 00 on February 22:

　　It is estimated that there will be heavy snow in parts of southwestern Shaanxi, central Anhui, central and eastern Hubei, northeastern Sichuan Basin, eastern Tibet, southern Qinghai and northwestern Yunnan from 08: 00 on February 22 to 08: 00 on February 23, among which there will be heavy snow (10 mm to 15 mm) in parts of southeastern Tibet and eastern Hubei. The newly added snow depth in some areas above is 3 cm ~ 6 cm, and the local area can reach 8 cm ~ 10 cm.

　　Wuhan, Hubei Province issued an orange warning for road icing, and the ferry was suspended across the board.

　　Wuhan Meteorological Observatory issued an orange warning signal for road icing at 18: 56 on February 21, 2024: It is expected that there will be road icing in Wuhan during the day from the night of the 21st to the 22nd, so please take precautions.

　　Affected by the freezing rain, snow and freezing weather, many ships and routes in Wuhan section of the Yangtze River and Hanjiang River were temporarily suspended. Five ferry routes of Wuhan Ferry (Wuzhong Line, Jizhong Line, Dayu Line, Tianqing Line and Jiangtan Sightseeing Line) have all been suspended. The tour of the two rivers, "Captain 9" and "Glory of the Yangtze River" were suspended, and the performance of "Zhiyin" was suspended. The sailing time will be announced after the river surface has navigation conditions.

　　Most areas in Zhejiang Province were affected by the cold wave and issued 139 weather warning signals within one day.

　　The main body of cold wave has affected most areas of Zhejiang Province and will continue to affect other areas southward. As a result, the temperature in Zhejiang Province has dropped significantly, and the daily average temperature process in most areas has dropped by 10 ~ 15℃. Affected by the southward movement of the main body of the cold wave, thunderstorms and local thunderstorms and strong winds appeared in most parts of central and northern Zhejiang from noon on the 21st, and the maximum hourly rain intensity appeared in Xingwang Village, Kaihua County, reaching a short-term heavy rain. In the evening, there were short-term heavy hailstones in Taizhou, Wenzhou and Lishui.

　　According to the Zhejiang Meteorological Observatory’s early warning platform, as of 21st, Zhejiang Province has intensively issued 139 weather warning signals, including 2 orange warning signals for hail, 24 yellow warning signals for thunderstorm and gale, 45 yellow warning signals for lightning, 40 yellow warning signals for gale, 13 blue warning signals for rainstorm and 11 blue warning signals for cold wave.

　　The temperature in Zhejiang Province is expected to be lower than normal from the 22nd to 26th in the future, and the lowest temperature in the morning is 1 ~ 3℃ except for coastal areas. On the morning of 21st to 23rd, there were 5 ~ 7 grades in inland plains of Zhejiang Province, and 7 ~ 9 grades of gusts in rivers, lakes and mountainous areas. From the night of the 21st to the 23rd, there were 8 ~ 10 northerly gusts in the coastal waters and fishing grounds.

　　A cold wave struck, and many schools in Hunan issued a notice to delay the start of school.

　　Due to the cold wave and bad weather, many schools in Hunan have issued notices to delay the start of school to ensure the safety of teachers and students.

　　On February 21st, the Hunan Meteorological Observatory predicted that freezing rain would continue in central and northern Hunan from the evening of 21st to 23rd, with light snow or sleet in northwest Hunan.

　　On February 20th, Hunan Vocational and Technical College of Posts and Telecommunications issued a notice on adjusting the start time of spring in 2024, saying that due to extreme weather, in order to ensure the safety of school students on their way back to school, the school decided to postpone the original start time of students in spring by one week, and the students reported for duty on March 3rd (Sunday) and formally started classes on March 4th (Monday). The working hours of faculty and staff will remain unchanged as originally planned.

　　In addition, Hunan Railway Vocational and Technical College, Hunan Communications Vocational and Technical College, Hunan Safety Technology Vocational College and other schools have also announced that the time for students to return to school and start school is delayed.

　　The opening hours of primary and secondary schools in some cities and States in Hunan have also been adjusted. Yiyang City Education Bureau informed that due to the influence of freezing rain and snow, in order to ensure the safety of teachers and students, all kinds of schools in Yiyang City (except the third grade of senior high school where students have been reviewing) and other grades (including kindergartens) will be postponed until February 28 or 29. According to the previously announced notice, primary and secondary schools in Yiyang City are scheduled to start school on February 25th and 26th.

　　Comprehensive: CCTV Finance and CCTV News Client

　　Changsha, China Overseas Chinese Network, April 23rd (Zhang Jing by Liu Zhezhi) On the 23rd, the 34th seminar for overseas Chinese professionals to return to China and start businesses, sponsored by the Overseas Chinese Affairs Office of the State Council and undertaken by the Foreign Affairs and Overseas Chinese Affairs Office of the Hunan Provincial People’s Government, started in Changsha.

　　More than 40 overseas talents from 18 countries and regions participated in this activity, 70% of them have doctoral degrees or above, and their fields are related to information technology, energy conservation and environmental protection, new energy and new materials, biomedicine, aerospace, cultural creativity and other industries.

　　During the study, overseas Chinese professionals will familiarize themselves with the innovation and entrepreneurship environment in China and Hunan Province through policy interpretation, discussion and exchange, visits and roadshows, and seek opportunities for cooperation and development.

　　"Now all localities are’ grabbing talents’, and the demand for overseas high-end talents is even greater." Xia Fudong, deputy director of the Department of Economics and Science of the State Council Overseas Chinese Affairs Office, said that at present, China has great support for the introduction of overseas talents and adequate policies. In the lecture of the day, Xia Fudong explained in detail the entrepreneurial situation of overseas Chinese, risk prevention and employment policy for returning to China.

　　Dr. Xiao Bayi, a participant in the seminar and a German "returnee", has set up his own biotechnology company in Changsha. When sharing his own experience, he said that Changsha’s entrepreneurship support policy in recent years is very good. The government attaches importance to talents and hopes that overseas Chinese will join Changsha’s innovation and entrepreneurship team with him.

　　Hu Dongfeng, deputy director of the United Front Work Department of Hunan Provincial Party Committee, pointed out that at present, Hunan is making efforts to create an innovative province and create a new highland for inland reform and opening up. High-level overseas Chinese professionals have broad horizons and extensive contacts, which is exactly what Hunan needs for development. He sincerely invites the participants to come to Hunan to develop and realize the dual values of personal development and social contribution.

　　Wu Yibiao, deputy director of the Foreign Affairs and Overseas Chinese Affairs Office of Hunan Provincial People’s Government, said that Hunan is deepening the "Furong Talent Plan", actively introducing high-end technical talents at home and abroad, and developing and expanding the team of innovative entrepreneurs. Undertaking this seminar is to meet the needs of overseas professionals and the development of Hunan, hoping to build a "Rainbow Bridge" with win-win cooperation.

　　The seminar for overseas Chinese professionals to return to China for entrepreneurship is an important part of the "Overseas Chinese Innovation Action" and "Overseas Talents Serving the Country" of the Overseas Chinese Affairs Office of the State Council. It aims to strengthen entrepreneurship counseling and improve the quality of overseas talents returning to China for innovation and entrepreneurship, which not only creates opportunities for overseas Chinese to show their talents and expand cooperation, but also provides intellectual support for local governments to expand opening up and promote development. (End)