Chen Jin (1955—)

Every city has its own personality. But photographers who can record the city’s personality are still scarce in China. Chen Jin, with his unique personality and way, spent more than 30 years recording the urban character of life, thus completing two works of literature style, Tea Shop and Market. Today, let’s take a look at the conversation between Chen Jin and Chen Xiaobo.

　

Drinking tea is an attitude of Sichuan people towards life.

Chen Xiaobo: Let’s start with two of your most important works-Tea Shop and Market. In my impression, when I talk about Chen Jin, I will think of the cloudy weather in Chengdu and even think of you as a lazy tea drinker in a teahouse. When did you decide to shoot the teahouse?

Chen Jin: It should be said that I started shooting in the mid-1980s, and I took it as a living condition. At that time, the city had not been demolished on a large scale. At the end of 1980s, Hong Kong’s China Tourism held a 24-hour filming activity in Chengdu. What do I want to shoot myself? Be sure to shoot something that can represent the characteristic culture of Sichuan, and naturally think of the teahouse. From the late Qing Dynasty to the Republic of China, tea shops in Sichuan gradually took shape, and the number was by no means comparable to that in other provinces. According to the "Chengdu Overview" compiled in the first year of Qing Xuantong, people who go to tea shops every day account for one-fifth of the total population of Chengdu, and the so-called "one city resident and half tea customers" is a portrayal of this situation. Therefore, to understand the customs of Sichuan, we must first sit up from the tea shop.

From that day on, I began to observe and photograph teahouses purposefully. There are Sichuan people’s lives and thoughts in the teahouse, and there are many things worthy of my attention. Once it is filmed as a cultural phenomenon, it is different from the past. I must leave history and my feelings about it by doing something. Although people have been filming teahouses in the past, most of them are scattered and have not been excavated in depth. In other words, most photographers pay attention to the teahouse from the perspective of so-called "artistic creation", which is too superficial and lacks systematic social, historical and humanistic cut-in.

Chen Xiaobo: When was the earliest photo of the teahouse we can see now?

Chen Jin: It was taken by foreigners in the 1920s and 1930s. When foreigners come to Sichuan, they will definitely photograph the teahouse, but it is impossible to go deep into it. Even so, those photos still look very interesting now-clothes, eyes and feelings between people are so valuable.

Chen Xiaobo: What does the teahouse mean to Sichuan people?

Chen Jin: Drinking tea is an attitude of Sichuan people towards life. Shooting a teahouse is not to shoot how Sichuan people drink tea, but to shoot how Sichuan people live.

Chen Xiaobo: Before shooting the teahouse, you were also … taking photos in the salon.

Chen Jin: Yes. I shoot Jiuzhaigou and Emei Mountain, including campus life, all by salon method. But now looking at my photos at that time, there is still some flavor of "conceptual photography". My landscape photography is also a bit weird. At that time, I had been in contact with Hu Wugong in Shaanxi, Hou Dengke and Yu Deshui in Henan. When they were doing the "arduous journey" contest, they saw my photos and wanted to use them, but they didn’t know where to put them, because these works were just an alternative "affair". In the early 1990s, they saw the teahouse I photographed.

Chen Xiaobo: The scenes in the teahouse are so similar, and so are the people who drink tea. How can you film it?

Chen Jin: I took pictures when I became a person sitting in a teahouse. In the process of shooting, I completed the transformation from a "photographer" to an authentic "tea guest", really walked into the life and heart of the "tea guest", and of course I understood the truth.

Chen Xiaobo: I think many people want to know your work status as much as I do. I really want to follow you to the small village and town in Sichuan to see how a photographer with your personality shoots. /How to communicate with the subject?

Chen Jin: OK! Let’s go together sometime When I first filmed Tea Shop, I took a wide angle of 20, a telephoto of 80-200 and a tripod, and stood there looking for a lens. The light in the teahouse is too dim. I went in as a photographer at that time. For a period of time, I feel that I can’t shoot, because I can’t get into the teahouse.

　

Chen Xiaobo: In 1988, during the Beijing International Photography Week, Raininger of the United States suggested that photographers in China lock up their telephoto and wide-angle lenses and don’t take them out.

Chen Jin: I understand that he is not limiting the use of lenses, but he wants to truly and richly express what he sees.

Chen Xiaobo: It’s just another way of observing.

Chen Jin: Later, I didn’t use the lens very deliberately.

Chen Xiaobo: Your identity as a tea drinker? Observer? Recorder?

Chen Jin: I try to hide myself. I don’t want people to feel that there is a photographer here. My identity is just an ordinary tea drinker, sitting there drinking tea, watching and posing in a dragon gate array. I am completely integrated into life itself. I’m not just a bystander, but really approaching a culture. I accepted each other with the other people sitting in the teahouse. It was very comfortable, and there was no sense of oppression or tension. Photography became a very casual thing, so it was natural to take one or two photos. Sometimes you don’t have to shoot it.

Chen Xiaobo: What’s the radius of your shooting Teahouse?

Chen Jin: The whole Sichuan! I have been to hundreds of teahouses in hundreds of cities, counties and towns all over southern Sichuan, eastern Sichuan, western Sichuan and northern Sichuan. The southeast and northwest are completely different, and the way of drinking tea is also different. Why is it different? It’s very simple. The pier culture in eastern Sichuan, on the docks along Jialing River and Chuanjiang River, merchants and porters come and go, and it’s not required to sit in the tea shop for long. High square table and bench are uncomfortable after sitting for a long time. I don’t have time, and tea sellers want more people to come and go. Western Sichuan culture, lying on a bamboo chair leisurely. Don’t worry, no one drives a bowl of tea for a day. Bamboo chairs in southern Sichuan are different from those in Chengdu. The former has no handrails.

Chen Xiaobo: What about the tea set? What’s the difference?

Chen Jin, of course. Chengdu people like to cover their cups with "three heads" when drinking tea, which looks very leisurely. In Chongqing, large bowls (such as tea stalls full of old eagle tea to cool off the heat) and uncovered cups are mostly used, which is related to the living environment and the straightforward character of Chongqing people.

Teahouse is an important place for Sichuan people’s way of life, through which they express their attitude towards life. Sichuanese drink civilian tea and market tea. In traditional teahouses, most tea drinkers are not so particular about drinking tea itself, and tea and tea sets are not as particular about it as in current teahouses. Tea drinkers care about the whole process, and drinking tea is the second.　

Chen Xiaobo: You have been studying this culture during the filming?　

Chen Jin: Yes. I read a lot of texts. There are no writers in Sichuan who don’t write about teahouses: Sha Ting and Li Jieren. I won’t talk about images. Sichuanese can’t live without tea, and there is a continuation of culture among them. Just as we watch the Japanese tea ceremony, we see not only tea, but Japanese culture and people.

The French is very interested in Sichuan Teahouse, because French coffee shop culture is also developed, which is similar to Sichuan Teahouse. But the French’s life is exquisite and tasteful. Sichuanese are casual, simple and even a little vulgar. Sichuanese just need to make me comfortable. Look at the rickshaw driver. He drinks tea first. When he has guests, there’s no hurry. Let’s make the tea comfortable first. This rickshaw puller shows his attitude towards money and life. It is more important to have a bowl of poor tea than to earn money hard. Isn’t the ultimate goal of people just for their own comfort? Li Bai and Su Dongpo were as brilliant as that, and there were times when they were low. The frankness and elegance in their bones helped them tide over the difficulties. Deng Xiaoping’s spirit of "I’m not afraid of anything, I’ll do it" is also typical of Sichuanese.

Chen Xiaobo: Today, we have seen the destructive effect of large-scale urban reconstruction on teahouse culture.

Chen Jin: Teahouses are combined with folk houses, and the way of living is different. The change of tea culture is obvious.

Chen Xiaobo: Will the country be better?

Chen Jin: The so-called villages, including those small towns, are also changing. After the change, many things have been lost. For example, there is a typical teahouse ten miles away from the center of Chengdu, which maintains the structure of an old teahouse. I used to go there a lot. I didn’t go there for half a year. CCTV’s "Thousands of Lights" column filmed a film about the teahouse. I took them to that teahouse and was turned away. On the gate was written in chalk: How many chairs and tables are left? Please buy them as soon as possible. I looked in from the outside, and the teahouse was divided into small rooms where people lived. It turns out that the property right here belongs to the government. When the government does real estate, it moves in the people who will be demolished. I suddenly felt that the change was too fast, and the traditional things disappeared like this.

Chen Xiaobo: How do you feel in the face of the disappearance of teahouse culture?

Chen Jin: On the one hand, it’s sad. Such a good environment really represents the good things of our cultural phenomenon, and thus it has disappeared. At the same time, I’m glad I left some traces with images. The meaning of the image is highlighted at this time. The image is intuitive, and I am more determined to seize the opportunity to do my image work. So, I said to others: It is more accurate and practical to regard me as an "image cultural worker" than to call me a so-called "photography artist".

　

　

Tea Shop is not only for the photography circle,

It is meaningful and valuable.

Chen Xiaobo: Did the appearance of the book Tea Shop come out at the time of shooting? You have a clear goal from the beginning of shooting the teahouse, that is, to make it "the most representative work concerned with regional culture"?

Chen Jin: Yes. To make this thing, I have a strong purpose, that is, to publish a systematic book that shows Sichuan teahouse culture through pictures and texts. The advantages of each generation. Our generation has the responsibility to record what is around us. It is not enough to just record him and stay, but also to express my views, so I must express my views through books.

Chen Xiaobo: Just now, we had tea with Zhong Ming, a Sichuan poet. He gave me a book. I saw the words: "A thing should be kept silent before it is finished. Let a secret stimulate you until you finish it in a full mood … You must finish that amazing event in a silent way." This line reminds me of your attitude.

Chen Jin: When I started filming the teahouse, I didn’t do it in the circle at that time. Until it was published in 1992, no one paid attention to it, or people who knew what I was doing didn’t think much …

Chen Xiaobo: But Tea Shop got a high evaluation immediately after it came out. Because of its own cultural information and content, the photographer’s attitude is clear at a glance.

Chen Jin: It seems that the cultural circle realized this earlier than the photography circle. At that time, many topics were Xu Yong’s Hutong and my Tea Shop. Beijing Hutong has always been photographed, but no one has been photographed like Xu Yong. We all do it with the attitude of outsiders Or when I did it, I didn’t think it was only for people in the circle.　

Chen Xiaobo: After you successfully filmed the teahouse, did anyone continue to shoot the teahouse theme?

Chen Jin: I have also seen many people take good photos of teahouses, but they have different purposes from mine. My teahouse can’t just talk from the perspective of images. The success of Tea Shop is not only a success in image, but also a success in photography. It shows not only my image ability, but also my excavation of the cultural phenomenon of teahouse, which is overall. From the image form alone, there are many people who are better than me, but I observe and express in my own way, taking my own way, which others can’t compare.

I have a point: for documentary photography, what matters is not the "image" but the "object". Photographers express objects by means of images, and they can’t do it backwards. Therefore, a good documentary work can’t make people’s eyes stay on the image form for a long time, but attract people to the content it expresses. The simpler and more simple the image, the more they can achieve their goals. On the road of documentary photography, I express ordinary people’s lives with an ordinary mentality and an ordinary perspective, no matter "Tea Shop" or "Market", that’s all.

I hope that younger photographers will look at the teahouse with modern eyes and express new ideas. They should even do it by conceptual photography. The way they observe and act must be different from ours. But unfortunately, it seems that no one has thought and done so far.

Chen Xiaobo: After more than ten years, what would you do if you were asked to re-shoot the teahouse theme and re-edit the book Tea Shop?

Chen Jin: In the past, when shooting, I broke through the mode of shooting photography as a work-I broke away from the traditional aesthetic standards of photography, put the object in a specific background, I photographed the behavior of people in the environment, and I looked for the cultural meaning of a tea bowl. Beauty is secondary, and conveying cultural information is important.

However, the choice of layout design images in 1992 did not escape the shadow of tradition. When choosing a film, I still didn’t escape the limitation of photography, and I chose it according to my work. At that time, the printing quality was also a little rough.

Chen Xiaobo: So you are editing Tea Shop again recently?

Chen Jin: After more than ten years of precipitation, I went through those photos again and found that many good photos I didn’t choose at that time. Now the newly edited Tea Shop has broken through photography itself. It is meaningful and valuable not only to show it to the photography circle. Nowadays, Tea Shop has more reading elements and finer text. More than 300 photos were selected.

Chen Xiaobo: How many photos were there in the original one?

Chen Jin: Less than 100.

Chen Xiaobo: How do you evaluate Tea Shop yourself?

Chen Jin: I know that I did something that contributed to human image culture, so it will last forever.

　

　

"Market", I want the most honest image.

Chen Xiaobo: After Tea Shop, you continue to look for traces of the culture of the old Chengdu people. When did the idea of "Market" come into being?

Chen Jin: It should have been produced in the early 1990s. Although I didn’t know what it would be when I started shooting. But after Tea Shop, I have established my own behavior and observation. I want to continue the traditional folk life through images. "Market" continues the road of "Tea Shop". I am very clear. I must be different in order to reflect the value of my existence.

Chen Xiaobo: We stayed in Chengdu these two days, and we were relaxed and carefree everywhere, feeling that our life in Beijing was hasty and rough and we didn’t enjoy life itself.

Chen Jin: The urban life in Chengdu is really very folk, very common and very civilian.

Chen Xiaobo: What is the most local flavor of Sichuan culture?

Chen Jin: It’s hard to understand without being in it, and it’s hard to sum it up in words. I don’t think any words are enough. This kind of culture is related to region, personality and a series of things. From Sanxingdui, the Eastern Han Dynasty to the Tang Dynasty, Sichuan’s rich culture and cultural heritage are manifested in the gestures of Sichuan people and in secular life.

Chen Xiaobo: You talked about the influence of The Riverside Scene at Qingming Festival on you.

Chen Jin: In 1983, I saw the Riverside Scene at Qingming Festival for the first time in the Forbidden City, and the image describing the life of the folk street was deeply impressed on me. In the past, when the natural economy was dominant, the climate in Sichuan Basin was warm and fertile, and it benefited from Dujiangyan irrigation. The industriousness of the working people was accompanied by eternal leisure. Decentralized and individual small-scale peasant production mode is marked by the narrowest forest discs under the lead-gray sky in the western Sichuan plain, which is a kind of market culture with great regional color, and has promoted a fairly developed farming civilization from this dark place; However, due to the relatively closed geographical environment, abundant products can only be loosely "circulated" on the basis of self-sufficiency, just as the tradition of Sichuanese breeds on raw and wet land-I am the "product" that has been assimilated by this cultural atmosphere. Although The Riverside Scene at Qingming Festival depicts the common people in Bianliang, the ancient capital of the Northern Song Dynasty, it is not surprising that it is similar to what I experienced in my hometown in western Sichuan, and I feel cordial when I read the painting. Later, I combed my own life and felt that some of the life scenes described in the painting were very familiar and close. There were a lot of things in the fifties and sixties that still had vague impressions. Later, things I like to shoot, such as drinking tea and posing in a dragon gate array, are things that are very close to my life experience.

Chen Xiaobo: What is the concept and scope of marketplace?

Chen Jin: With the evolution of history and the development of society, the original meaning of the word "street" has expanded from a single and narrow place for doing business to a living space for ordinary people. The daily life of ordinary people in towns has gradually been included in the category of "street" and even become synonymous with ordinary people. "Marketplace" has evolved from a concept of pure space to a broader and deeper cultural concept. The market has become a unique phenomenon of urban culture, which is different from rural culture, palace culture and scholar culture.

Chen Xiaobo: With such complicated details of life, do you have any choice when shooting?

Chen Jin: I always have a choice. I am familiar with this kind of life. I choose the scenes that can express the life state I want, all kinds of information composed by people and environment, and those that suddenly reproduce the fragments of my childhood and adolescence. I will shoot a detail that can constitute my work, and the detail that can inspire me to lift the camera must also touch me, which is something I am afraid of disappearing.　

I shot a wide range, just a bigger concept. I hope to put my attention on a higher level. Although the region is very Sichuan, we can’t understand it in the small circle of regional culture, but we should put the lifestyle representing the national life form on a higher platform and let more people know about it. Not only for Sichuanese and Chinese, but also for foreigners. Show it to people with cultural background. If foreigners look at it, it must be something from China, not just from Sichuan. Through the observation of cultural phenomena in different regions, we can grasp the common things of human beings.

Chen Xiaobo: Is there a difference between light and heavy?

Chen Jin: I didn’t particularly think about this. Some photos are not so important when they are taken, but they become important when they are used at the end.

Chen Xiaobo: How can you find something hidden in the depths?

Chen Jin: I’m different from many photographers. Some people have a picture as a work. And to me, it’s just material. What I will keep thinking about is my whole work, a big "work". When you are not clear, you will stop when you don’t know where to work harder.

Chen Xiaobo: The image of "The Market" seems calmer and more simple, and the author’s shadow is hidden deeper. Thus, it has also entered a higher realm of the image.

Chen Jin: The image is even lighter. The author’s main body seems to be gone. In doing so, I was influenced by the working style of anthropologists. On the one hand, I respected life itself, respected the subject itself, and put it into my own observation.

At one time, I also wanted to try a breakthrough in image. What is on the image is just a kind of stimulation, which will soon disappear. Some things will be shocked and new when you look at them for the first time, but they will be tasteless when you look at them again. And those photos that are a little light at first glance have a longer and longer taste.

Chen Xiaobo: Actually, looking back now, the most classic and enduring photos in the world are those that are gentle and shot with the most standard lens.

Chen Jin: So what I want is the most honest and realistic image. Take photos honestly, honestly express what you want to express from an honest perspective, and express your real life.

After all, shooting is related to the photographer’s personality. My personality determines that I always withdraw from myself on the surface. Even if everyone chats, I would like to stay in the corner and be a bystander.

　

　

　

"Market" is a collection of pictures, words and

A complete cultural product of all kinds of humanistic materials

Chen Xiaobo: The overall editor of The Market is even more commendable.

Chen Jin: I hope "Market Street" will become a classic, and I spent a long time editing it.

Chen Xiaobo: What do you mean by a long time?

Chen Jin: It took six years before and after. I was silent for a while before editing into a book. In 1999, I gave up all my work and traveled to Europe and America for two months. On the way to travel, I watched and thought: I just want to think about the position of my own culture in other cultures; The world culture is so rich, how can China culture have a place in the world culture? How can you make others think that your things are good? How can something very regional be placed under the big cultural background of my country? How can people of different nationalities and regions care about the living conditions of ordinary people in Sichuan? I also did a lot of reading, reading literature, Tang and Song poetry and local culture.

Chen Xiaobo: Are you doing this to distance yourself from the photography circle?

Chen Jin: Yes. I don’t want to be limited by photography. At that time, I began to think about how to structure my "Market" like an architect. How to integrate so many photos, words and materials is what I think most.

Chen Xiaobo: Your status as an editor of the fine arts publishing house for more than 20 years began to play a role.

Chen Jin: My professional characteristics are really useful at this time. I have no reason not to do it well. I am a professional book editor and a professional photographer. I have professional strengths and am familiar with design and printing. I can write, I have been studying culture, and I have mastered a lot of information.

Chen Xiaobo: Many photographers can’t be the owners of their own photos because of their lack of editing training. I have seen many good photographers, and I can’t do anything about putting a lot of good photos in my hands.

Chen Jin: Yes, photographers around us have a lot of things in their hands. They look very good one by one, but they don’t become a complete thing in the end.

Chen Xiaobo: You are a scholar. Your knowledge structure also plays a role here.

Chen Jin: In the mid-1990s, I read books on anthropology at home and abroad, and the research methods of this subject fit my ideas very well. So I try to frame it anthropologically.

Chen Xiaobo: Will you continue to take photos while editing?

Chen Jin: There are some. Because there are new ideas, I found new images, and later I found that what I added was taken at random.

Chen Xiaobo: The way the book is edited looks very special.

Chen Jin: The layout of "Market Street" is different, with a horizontal format, a large number of photos and small words. The print run is small, and the spread is really limited. But I have to do this. Make it big first, then small, then fine. Not everyone can make their own things bigger, and one of them is the ability to control the theme. In fact, there are still friends in the circle who have a lot of complaints about the editing method of "Market Street". They always think that there are too many pictures, so many good images are lost. It’s normal for people to have different opinions, but it’s just a different interpretation. Due to the limitations of their own abilities, shortcomings are inevitable. But I still want to emphasize one point: The Market is not a simple collection of photographs, but a complete cultural product with pictures, characters and various historical and cultural materials.

Chen Xiaobo: Is this editing method your choice?

Chen Jin: In the process of writing a book, I will not listen to other people’s ideas first, nor consider the market, and I will not be led by external things. I must do it in my own way first. People around me know what I’m doing, but they don’t know what it’s like to come out. Of course, now it seems to be extreme, the good aspects are highlighted, and the weaknesses are obvious.

Chen Xiaobo: At least it’s not so convenient to browse. (Laughter)

Chen Jin: The Market is not a photo album. It is a complete work. It uses so many materials (data) to express what I want to express. It is the best expression of Sichuan people’s lifestyle that I can sort out and summarize in this era.

Chen Xiaobo: Different from many photo albums, "The Market" needs to be read slowly, and it can’t be finished at one time, and every time you watch it, you can see the deeper meaning.

Chen Jin: "Market Street" really needs a period of time, and both I and readers need time to get to know it better. Different understandings will have different ways of interpretation.

Here, the image is just a way, a material, and it is an essential element to construct my thoughts.　

Chen Xiaobo: What’s the difference between "The Market" and your original idea?

Chen Jin: There is no difference. "Market" for me, there is no regret that I wanted to do but didn’t do it. I have devoted my whole life to this matter, which can be described as painstaking. There are gains and losses in everything, and I have lost a lot in doing such a thing. In the process of doing it, I also asked myself: What’s the point? What’s the value? "Who cares!" Let me stick to the end. I try my best to be the best and the highest.

Chen Xiaobo: The best and highest performance is in the details. The "Market Street" we see uses many elements to form a joint force in design.

Chen Jin: When I do "The Market", the civilian consciousness in my bones is based on the historical inheritance with roots, not a casual feeling. I want to show the traces of tradition and form the history of street culture.

Chen Xiaobo: Apart from 60,000 words and 800 photos, the precious materials you selected are eye-catching. It can be seen that it is not accidental, but has been accumulating. The criteria you choose are all related to street life.

Chen Jin: Those stone carvings, bronzes, line drawings, brick paintings and New Year pictures are scattered in different documents and books. I started collecting these documents very early. I have been purposefully collecting things that can echo the street culture I photographed and create an atmosphere.

Chen Xiaobo: And the text. I have been immersed in your words for a long time. Those words have profound documentary value in a very personal description. I think many readers have the same experience as me.

Chen Jin: Writing is an important part of Market. Words convey the author’s thoughts from another angle, making up for the places that images can’t do and the information that can’t be conveyed. Words play the role of concatenation. Text paper is different from image paper, and the feeling of browsing is different.

I can write something. I still have such confidence. What I write is not dry, for one thing, I have been trained by words, and for another, those words are my true feelings. Sometimes I can’t go on writing. In the process of writing, I recall my childhood, past years and dramatic life, and sometimes I think: I am the only one to write this book!

Some photographers have no choice but to publish their own books and ask others to write them. I won’t do that.

Chen Xiaobo: It’s hard to write by putting yourself into it, but "The Market" has done it.

Chen Jin: I use the first person and have myself. The way I write is not a formula or a document, and quoting classics becomes my own thing. My words try to blend in with the pictures.

Chen Xiaobo: The Market cannot be viewed as a photo album, because it is a real document. Pay attention to the life of a region or a certain theme for such a long time, engage in work from a historical perspective, and show and spread it in such a form. It may be more valuable in decades and hundreds of years.

　

　

　

Photographers should work hard behind the images.

Chen Xiaobo: What are your cultural heritages?

Chen Jin: I still love China’s traditional culture and classical things. Music, I used to like listening to symphonies, and for a while, I was addicted to soothing music. Generally speaking, it is classical. Modern music is listened to for understanding, not appreciation. Classical things are precipitation and essence.

Chen Xiaobo: What about vision?

Chen Jin: The world is big, and everyone has his own advantages. I like to express myself with images. I am not superior to others in terms of light, shadow and composition. I just do what I have to do honestly.

Chen Xiaobo: What do you think a good image looks like?

Chen Jin: The image is too strong, but something imaginary appears. I like photos that reflect real life. But it doesn’t rule out the delicate things we contacted in the past, such as Adams and Weston. After all, it represents the highest level of image.

Chen Xiaobo: A friend said your image: "I think his whole tone is gray. I always said, Chen Jin, can you shoot something brighter? It’s so hard to watch. That is to say, don’t be so cold, be more kind and warm. " How do you answer such a question?

Chen Jin: This is a question of understanding, and it does not rule out individual personality problems. My life is not bright enough, and my living environment is not brilliant enough, which will inevitably give people a feeling of "gray" in my works.

Chen Xiaobo: What about the camera? What camera have you been using?

Chen Jin: It’s miscellaneous. Apart from having special feelings for Leica, nothing else is too much. In the mid-1980s, I was assigned to a publishing house. At that time, there was no Japanese SLR camera representing professional image, so I had to send me two old Leica. I used it to take a lot of photos with good layering. In 85, Wang Miao and Wang Zhiping and I also used Leica when we entered Tibet. And my colleague plateau. In the same way, when we come back and develop the film together, we are blindsided, and we can tell the pros and cons of the technical level just by looking at the quality and color of the image. Later, Lycra broke down and could not be used, so I used Nikon. In the mid-1990s, I bought a Leica myself. Leica is comfortable, feels and sounds so simple that ordinary people will not feel exaggerated. Leica let me express myself very relaxed. I don’t reject new things, digital and computer, and I also realize the advantages brought by digital. There is no point in simply pursuing technology, and there is no point in completely indulging in the camera. Maybe someday I’ll just use a small camera. Li Yuan spent his whole life shooting scenery with 135.

Photographers should not set their identity as photographers, their identity should be transferred at any time, and they should work hard behind the images.

　

　

　

The morality of the older generation of photographers has a great influence on me.

Chen Jin: In 1980, when I was a sophomore, I started taking photos, and I was influenced by the April Film Festival. In the 1980s, there was something similar to today’s conceptual photography in terms of photographic language expression.

Chen Xiaobo: When you were in Yunnan University, you were most influenced by Xiao Jingzhi?

Chen Jin: My photography path at first was influenced by Mr. Xiao. At that time, Mr. Xiao brought the exhibition of the April Film Festival to Kunming. In 1980, Yunnan Academy of Social Sciences and Chinese Department of Yunnan University jointly conducted a survey of folk literature. I also took on the task of shooting the whole process, and bought a camera for more than one hundred yuan. Now that I think about it, it is actually the way of field trip. I went deep into the village in Jinggu county, Yunnan Dai area. At that time, I took a lot of photos, handed in photos of similar documents, left some so-called beautiful photos, and came back to hold a film festival. Mr. Xiao was working in the Cultural Department at that time. After seeing the exhibition, he sent a message to let us young people take photos to him. I have been in Yunnan for several years, and I have had a lot of contact with Mr. Xiao. Several students go to him almost every week.

So far, I’m glad to associate with Mr. Xiao. His influence on me is not just a photographic influence. His character, values and attitude towards life have a great influence. He is honest and does not rub sand in his eyes. When he sees something he doesn’t like, he will definitely point it out, which is not sophisticated at all. His failure in life is related to his honest conduct. In any era, it will suffer. We respect him, but we know that he is not suitable. His attitude towards photography and his attitude towards life have influenced me subtly.

My graduation thesis is a photographic article "Aesthetics of News Photography", which is unprecedented in Yunnan University. The Chinese Department stresses basic news and aesthetics, but there is no photography. A teacher came into contact with photography and wrote similar articles. He became my mentor. I participated in the first annual meeting of photojournalism theory held in Tianjin in 1983 because of this paper. Later, I wrote papers in successive sessions. At that time, articles always liked to get some profound theoretical words that they didn’t understand. But Sun Zhongjing, an old photographer from Sichuan Branch of Xinhua News Agency, shared a room with me. I showed the article to Mr. Sun. After reading it, he said, "Your stuff is very theoretical." Such an old photographer who has been engaged in news photography all his life didn’t understand what I wrote, which really gave me a sap.

And Jiang Qisheng. At that time, against liberalization, Shaanxi Ge Xinde wrote "On the Alienation of News Photography". He didn’t understand what the word "alienation" was. He just followed the fashion and used a new term. As a result, he ran into a "mine" and was criticized and screwed up. During the meeting, Jiang Lao called Huimin and me and asked us what "alienation" was. In fact, we may not really understand it, but I am moved by Jiang Lao’s rigorous and humble attitude. The older generation of photographers have many qualities that have a great influence on me. It had a great influence on my future path.

Chen Xiaobo: In the early 1980s, you had an important photographic experience in Danba, a Tibetan area.

Chen Jin: In August, 1982, I graduated from university, and I was assigned to the provincial public security department at the earliest. After going there for a month or two, I felt I couldn’t do it. I have decided to take the artistic road in the future and offered to leave. I can change within three months. We are educated youths in Chengdu, and we can put them back unconditionally if we want. Back at school, I continued to wait for the distribution, and the waiting time was very uncomfortable. I had the opportunity to go to Danba in the middle of this year.

Danba is a county in Ganzi Prefecture. My friend and I borrowed a camera, printed a camera and brought photo paper. Prepare to take pictures while making money. When I went to Kangding, the state capital, I had to climb over Zheduo Mountain. My friends who traveled with me said that it was too wild there and I came back with difficulties in life. I must go, but I don’t know where to go I went to Kangding bus station, bought a ticket and arrived in Danba by accident. In May, I entered the Danba mica mine, next to the forest farm and the cottage. I carry a photo box to take photos during the day and develop photos at night. Earned more than 200 yuan a month. There are dozens of films in the luggage, most of which are used for creation. I have lived in many places, including Tibetan homes, primary schools and miners’ houses. I am deeply impressed, but I have taken very few pictures of people’s living conditions, and almost all of them have taken pictures of natural scenery, cattle and sheep landscapes. It’s a pity to see it now I revisited my old place three years ago, and the changes have been great. There used to be small trains in the forest area, but now there are none.

Danba is a complex of mine, and I have learned a lot.

　

　

The life of paper and ink will last forever.

Chen Xiaobo: What do you want your image to spread?

Chen Jin: Books. It’s still a book that can be held in your hand and played with. A book is put there, and it is constantly appreciated and constantly obtained. The ancients said, "The life of paper and ink will last forever." Reading the text must be an important way.

If my book is to be a classic, it will be a good thing after many years. Of course, what kind of book is made and whether it is valuable or not is very important. Of course, I don’t rule out spreading it through TV topics and the Internet.

Chen Xiaobo: What about the people who arrived?

Chen Jin: I have a special feeling for photography. I certainly hope photographers can see it, but I want to break through the circle of photography. The treasure of scholars is more important and meaningful than that of photographers. But I can’t expect more people to read it because of the number of my "Market" at present. I want to make it popular on this basis so that everyone who likes it can get it. Recently, Shanghai Literature and Art Publishing House’s "Disappearing Style" series published my "Feeling for Chengdu", with 50,000 words and more than 100 photos. It’s a simple reader of "Market Life Edition".

Chen Xiaobo: Have your pictures entered the auction market in the past two years?

Chen Jin: I have some works in the auction. I just want to know about the market in this way. The picture market has a process in China, and it is not the best time. I pay attention to its progress. Observe it and understand it. The photographer has something good in his hand. There’s no hurry. Fortunately, I am slowly wandering in an environment like Chengdu, and I can advance and retreat.

Chen Xiaobo: Do you want your images to enter the collection?

Chen Jin: I hope so. Entering the collection is no longer an economic significance, but an affirmation of the value of my things. Then it is my own contribution to society, and I have achieved the purpose of doing this at first.

Maybe I will really go to the countryside in the second half of my life.

Chen Xiaobo: The photographer’s personality determines the depth of what he does. Your Tea Shop and Market are the reflection of your personality.

Chen Jin: Independent and as marginal as possible. I have been like this since I was a child. I am indifferent to people and things, and I don’t want to get too involved. Maybe it has something to do with the environment I live in. Our generation is flawed in personality, and over time, there is a kind of depression. At home, my father is very strict and uses old-fashioned education on us. Mental pressure, natural things are naturally suppressed. Keep a low profile and don’t express your thoughts easily. On many occasions, I would rather be a bystander and an observer. The usual way of dealing with people is unobtrusive and objective on the surface, but there are their own ideas and opinions in the depths.

Chen Xiaobo: Many people who don’t know the truth think that photographers are exposed people. In fact, there are many quiet people around us who do photography. On the contrary, it is very deep and distinctive.

Chen Jin: Taking pictures is just an expression. Why did literature students take the road of photography? It was because I would rather use a shutter than a pen later. Although writing is my strong point, once I go to photography, I find that photography is more suitable for expressing my thoughts. Express yourself through images-not ostentatious expression, but try to hide behind the images.

Chen Xiaobo: What else do you usually do?

Chen Jin; I live a regular life. I like sports and swim at noon every day. Seemingly calm, in fact, he is still an active person. I worked as a PE teacher for four years when I was an educated youth. I also like driving cross-country. A group of people drive to extreme roads, fall asleep on the expressway, and get excited once they get to the gravel road. I hope my life is healthier.

Sometimes I have tea with my friends.

Chen Xiaobo: Do you study much?

Chen Jin: Not much. The state is wrong. Times are sick, and there are always endless things to do. Concentrated reading is when I was writing "The Market" in 2000. I wanted to pull myself back from the secular world, and I selectively read China’s essays in the 1920s and 1930s. Yu Dafu and Shen Congwen entered a reading state.

Chen Xiaobo: Where will your photography go in the end?

Chen Jin: Life is short. It is enough to do one or two meaningful things in your life. With Tea Shop and Market, it takes a process whether there can be a trilogy. I have some ideas about how to take my photography path. My future state may be related to my attitude towards life and depends on how I understand life for the rest of my life. I still hope that I can relax myself, don’t put myself up, and continue my behavior. It’s more prosaic and idyllic, but there will still be an explanation.

Maybe persistence is a good thing, maybe I will be tired of reality and have an empty thing. Maybe I will be more traditional and go into more classic traditions. If you can’t keep up with it, just go back. Independent, detached and independent. Including "Market", it already has such a taste. Try to return the image to the original and essential state. Good things must be something that can stand to see.

Chen Xiaobo: It seems that you have never been proud of being paid attention to, and you have never given up because you are not paid attention to. Is this detachment born or cultivated?

Chen Jin: I can’t say detachment. Not so high, temperament, try to be yourself. In essence, it is the Confucian "golden mean".

I won’t be carried forward by anything. Finally, I will let nature take its course. I don’t care whether I encounter unfair treatment or anything else, and it won’t affect my state of mind. Self-cultivation, maybe I will really go to the countryside in the second half of my life. Maybe "pastoral" is the end of my trilogy.

Interview time: January 13th, 2008

Interview location: a teahouse in Chengdu

The above content comes from Chen Xiaobo’s why they want to photograph, which was released with the authorization of Chen Xiaobo, and the picture comes from the Internet.

On November 16, the new generation of COOPER family was officially launched, which may be the last generation of fuel MINI. The new car continues to be sold in the imported way, including three-door, five-door and JCW models. The price range is 23.38-31 800 yuan

From the appearance, the design language of the new MINI COOPER as a whole and the MINI electric version has always been the same. The closed air intake grille has become a grid shape, and the round headlights and big mouth middle net have been retained, which is very recognizable. The "Racer" and "Artist" carry the same power combination, and the appearance adds a JCW sports kit. The wide air intake and the radiator at the tail are designed with a fighting atmosphere, and the JCW logo can be seen everywhere inside and outside the car. In addition, the "Racer" can also choose a chili red roof.

From the side, the new car is equipped with two-tone wheels, which are sporty and available from 16 inches to 18 inches. The rear of the car is equipped with a new triangular taillight design, connected by a black through-trim trim in the middle, and equipped with a hidden exhaust pipe below.

The new model adopts an all-black design on the China grid and has a JCW exclusive logo. At the same time, the MINI logo has also been blackened, and the sides are complemented by red decoration, which is more recognizable. In addition, the new car is also equipped with 18-inch double five-spoke wheels and JCW brake calipers. It is worth mentioning that the JCW model also adopts a single exhaust layout in the middle to further enhance the personalized attributes.

In the interior part, the new car is equipped with a 9.4-inch round central control multimedia interactive screen, and adopts a three-spoke type and HUD head-up display. The center console materials also use a lot of environmentally friendly materials. The five-door version of the model adds rear seats and riding space, and sets up a cup holder and a Type-C charging port behind the middle channel armrest. The rear seats of the new car can have a space volume of 923 liters after folding.

The new car configuration has been greatly improved, and it will be equipped with UWB digital key, round OLED central control screen, two-way projection ambient light, ABS + DSCi assistance, L2 smart driving assistance, electric adjustment seat, seat massage, mobile phone wireless charging, cute pet Spike intelligent personal assistant, and rich audio-visual entertainment.

In terms of power, the new car continues to provide 1.5T and 2.0T engines for users to choose from. The MINI COOPER C version is equipped with a 1.5T three-cylinder gasoline engine with a maximum power of 115 kW and a peak torque of 230 Nm; the MINI COOPER S is equipped with a 2.0T four-cylinder engine with a maximum power of 150 kW and a peak torque of 300 Nm. The new MINI JCW is equipped with a 2.0T four-cylinder engine with a maximum power of 170 kW and a peak torque of 380 Nm. The acceleration time of 0-100 km/h is 6.1 seconds. The transmission system is matched with a 7-speed dual-clutch transmission.

() The business review of the Board of Directors in 2022 is as follows:

　　I. The industry in which the company is located during the reporting period.

(a) the basic situation of the company’s industry

According to the classification standard of National Economic Industry Classification issued by the National Bureau of Statistics, the company’s industry belongs to the sub-industry of medical diagnosis, monitoring and treatment equipment manufacturing under the item of "medical instruments and equipment manufacturing" in the 35th category of "professional equipment manufacturing". According to China Securities Regulatory Commission’s Guidelines for Industry Classification of Listed Companies (revised in 2012), the company belongs to the special equipment manufacturing industry (classification code: C35).

Medical devices are closely related to human life and health. Within the scope of conditions, patients naturally tend to get better medical services. In order to improve the efficiency and effect of examination, surgery and treatment, doctors are more willing to accept more advanced, safer and more effective medical devices. Therefore, with the development of the global economy, the technical level, types and coverage departments of medical devices are constantly improving, and the market scale of medical device industry is constantly expanding. The market scale of medical device industry in various countries is positively related to the level of economic development.

(2) The development stage of the industry in which the company is located

At present, the company’s products are mainly ultrasonic diagnostic instruments and electronic endoscopes, and their application fields and industry development are quite different:

1. Ultrasonic diagnostic instrument

From a global perspective, ultrasound is a relatively mature basic diagnostic medical equipment, and its industry growth is relatively stable. Compared with CT, MRI and X-ray machines, ultrasound, as one of the four major medical imaging equipment, has many advantages, such as no radiation, real-time scanning, simple operation, high safety factor, fast examination results and high cost performance, and has a huge number of installed in terminal medical institutions. There are many ultrasonic manufacturers in the world, and the ultrasonic brands in developed areas in Europe and America are strong. The company’s ultrasonic business has experienced more than ten years of development overseas, and a relatively complete marketing network channel has been established. In recent years, overseas ultrasonic income has been the same as that in China, maintaining a steady growth trend; In China, after decades of development, the penetration rate of ultrasound products in China is relatively high, and the domestic ultrasound equipment market has reached a mature stage, which belongs to a relatively stable growth stage. The future market growth mainly comes from the equipment iteration in the stock market, as well as the demand brought by the expansion of new hospitals or new departments brought about by policies such as graded diagnosis and treatment and new medical infrastructure. In addition, in recent years, domestic governments at all levels have successively issued relevant policies such as advocating independent control of high-end medical equipment and encouraging the purchase of domestic equipment, which has a positive impact on the import substitution process of domestic high-end ultrasound.

2. Medical electronic endoscope

Endoscope is a commonly used medical instrument in clinic, which can usually be divided into hard mirror and soft mirror. Soft endoscope is the "gold standard" for early screening of digestive tract cancer. It goes deep into the body from the natural cavity of human body, and it needs to have certain flexibility, long photoelectric signal transmission distance, small diameter of the insertion part of the endoscope, rich functional integration, higher requirements for design technology and manufacturing technology, and higher technical barriers. Its products include gastroscope, colonoscopy, bronchoscope, etc., and are widely used in departments such as gastroenterology, respiratory department, otolaryngology and so on. Hard mirror is widely used in minimally invasive surgery, which refers to the way of completing treatment through small incision. Compared with open surgery, minimally invasive surgery under hard mirror has the advantages of small wound, less bleeding, less pain and faster recovery. Hard mirrors mainly include laparoscopy, thoracoscopy and arthroscopy, which are widely used in general surgery, thoracic surgery, urology and other departments.

Minimally invasive diagnosis and treatment under endoscope is one of the most important development directions of modern medicine. Whether it is a soft mirror mainly used for diagnosis and screening or a hard mirror mainly used for surgery, it has clear clinical value. According to Frost & Sullivan’s forecast, the global medical endoscope market will maintain a compound growth rate of 7.1% from 2020 to 2025, and it is expected to reach $28.6 billion in 2025. Compared with Europe, America, Japan and other developed regions, there is a big gap in the development rate of endoscopic diagnosis and treatment of digestive tract and the penetration rate of minimally invasive surgery in China. Due to eating habits and other reasons, China is a region with high incidence of digestive system diseases. Gastric cancer, colorectal cancer, esophageal cancer, pancreatic cancer and other digestive system tumors account for nearly half of the top ten high-incidence cancers in China. Malignant tumors of digestive system have the characteristics of slow development process and long window for early screening. Early detection and early diagnosis and treatment of tumors through soft mirror biopsy can effectively improve the survival rate of digestive system diseases. It has become an industry consensus to promote early screening of digestive system tumors nationwide. Hard mirrors are mainly used in general surgery in hospitals, among which laparoscopic surgery is the most widely used, and gradually extended to more and more departments such as urology, thoracic surgery, gynecology and orthopedics. In the future, the domestic hard mirror market is expected to meet the demand growth with the popularization of different departments.

(III) The position of the company in the industry

"Setting a precedent in the industry and establishing a national brand" is the origin of the company’s name. As an excellent national medical device enterprise, the company has always been committed to researching and developing high-end medical devices with independent intellectual property rights and world-leading technical level, contributing to the rise of domestic medical devices. After years of development, the company has established a strong competitive advantage and a leading position in the international medical equipment market, and has strong brand influence and core competitiveness in the fields of ultrasound and endoscopy, and gradually emerged in the fields of surgery and intravascular ultrasound (IVUS).

(1) Ultrasonic products

The company is an enterprise that developed and mastered the core technology of color ultrasound equipment and probe earlier in China. Color ultrasound technology is in a leading position in the same industry in China, and the company’s ultrasound products are outstanding in the market. The company has more than 200 invention patents and appearance patents in the field of ultrasound, as well as hundreds of software copyrights, some of which were awarded the China Patent Excellence Award by China National Intellectual Property Administration. The company has also undertaken a number of national, provincial and municipal technical research projects, and has a profound technical accumulation and a good technical leading edge in the entire ultrasound industry.

The ultrasonic products developed and produced by the company have covered the needs of high-end, mid-end, low-end and other multi-level users, meeting the clinical application needs in the fields of whole body, obstetrics and gynecology and intervention. The self-developed ultrasonic probe has the technical characteristics of high density, high sensitivity and ultra-wide band, especially in the field of single crystal probe, which is at the international advanced level. At present, there are the most abundant types of ultrasonic probes from domestic ultrasonic equipment manufacturers, including linear array, convex array, phased array, volume probe, transesophageal probe, intraoperative probe, laparoscopic probe, etc. All types are independently developed, and the clinical application covers all organs of the human body, providing the support of comprehensive clinical solutions.

The S60 and P60 series of high-end color Doppler ultrasound products launched in recent three years have been highly recognized by experts in 3A hospitals with their excellent image quality, concise operation flow, accurate intelligent identification, rich probe configuration and rich clinical solutions for multiple departments, and their clinical performance in obstetrics and gynecology has a certain competitive advantage compared with that of imported obstetrics and gynecology special machines of the same grade. In 2021, color Doppler X5 was opened as the first domestic medical imaging equipment in Tianhe core cabin, which played an important role in astronaut medical security and aerospace medical research. In 2022, the fourth-generation artificial intelligence prenatal ultrasound screening technology, Cheng’s-Fetus 4.0, was released. This technology is the world’s first artificial intelligence technology based on dynamic images to automatically capture standard sections, which effectively improves the efficiency of doctors’ obstetric screening, and has been highly appreciated by many experts in the field of obstetrics and gynecology in China, further enhancing the competitiveness of high-end ultrasound obstetrics and gynecology, and is in a leading position at home and abroad.

The company has continuously increased its investment and innovation in the ultrasound field. In December 2022, the intravascular ultrasound diagnostic equipment independently developed by Kaikai Medical and the disposable intravascular ultrasound diagnostic catheter independently developed by Shanghai Aisheng, a wholly-owned subsidiary of the company, successfully obtained the third-class medical device registration certificate issued by National Medical Products Administration (NMPA). The company has become the only high-tech enterprise among domestic ultrasound manufacturers that has both R&D and production of covered desktop ultrasound, portable ultrasound and intravascular ultrasound.

At present, the company’s ultrasonic products have become the backbone of the ultrasonic diagnostic equipment market. In foreign markets, the company has taken the lead in entering the European and American markets with high barriers, and its product range has rapidly extended from the low-end to the middle and high-end, and it has continued to exert its strength in the middle and high-end markets, and its international competitiveness has rapidly increased, and its coverage in the domestic market, including the high-end markets of 3A hospitals, has been continuously improved. The company is further laying out the research and development of higher-end products. In December 2022, the company’s brand-new ultra-high-end ultrasonic platform has obtained CE(MDR) registration certificate, which is expected to further increase the market competitiveness and brand influence of domestic ultrasonic equipment and companies after listing, and is expected to further expand the market share.

(2) Endoscope products: As a leading enterprise in the field of domestic digestive soft mirrors, the company produces endoscope series including HD350, HD400, HD500, HD550, X-2200, etc., covering the high, medium and low-end markets of soft mirrors in an all-round way. In 2019, the multispectral imaging technology (SFI) was introduced, and the combination of SFI and VIST with HD-550 system provided a complete solution for the early diagnosis and treatment of diseases. Combined with multi-wavelength LED light sources VLS-50 series, VLS-55 series, electronic circular scanning ultrasonic endoscope EG-UR5 and electronic fan scanning ultrasonic endoscope EG-UC5T, the company’s competitiveness in the high-end market of electronic endoscope is further enhanced. At the same time, the company’s soft endoscope types are also constantly enriched. In the Department of Gastroenterology, the domestic ultra-fine electronic gastrointestinal endoscope, optical magnifying electronic gastrointestinal endoscope and electronic colonoscopy with adjustable stiffness are first introduced. The high-definition electronic bronchoscope in respiratory department has been recognized by experts in the third-class hospitals in clinical use, and its performance is equivalent to that of imported products. In the field of hard mirrors, the company has successively launched SV-M2K30, SV-M4K30 and SV-M4K40. Combined with the opening of laparoscopic ultrasound system, the joint solution of hard mirrors and ultrasound provided by the company will become the company’s unique competitive advantage in the field of hard mirrors. Surgical hard mirrors are independently developed and processed to provide users with high-quality domestic hard mirrors.

II. Main businesses of the Company during the reporting period

The company shall comply with the disclosure requirements of "medical device business" in the Guidelines for Self-regulatory Supervision of Listed Companies of Shenzhen Stock Exchange No.4-Information Disclosure of Growth Enterprise Market Industry.

(a) the company’s main business and product introduction

The company’s main business is independent research and development, production and sales of medical diagnosis and treatment equipment. The main products include medical ultrasonic diagnostic equipment, medical electronic endoscope equipment and consumables. The company has always been customer-oriented and committed to providing quality products and services to medical institutions around the world.

Ultrasonic equipment field: based on independent research and development and technological innovation, the company is an early enterprise in China that has developed and comprehensively mastered the core technologies of color ultrasound host and probe. At present, it has mastered the architecture platform and a number of core key technologies of ultrasonic host in different application directions. The architecture platform includes multi-channel hardware platform, low-power ultrasonic imaging technology platform, embedded software platform and rapid imaging technology platform, and has mastered and matured many key technologies. Including digital multi-beam forming technology, ultra-micro blood flow imaging and high-resolution blood flow imaging technology, high-definition 4D imaging and rendering imaging technology, contrast imaging technology, elastic imaging technology, fusion imaging technology, image quantitative analysis technology, AI image intelligent identification and measurement technology, remote consultation and so on. In the aspect of ultrasonic transducer, it has broadband single crystal probe technology, broadband composite probe technology, UHF probe technology and special application probe technology, etc., and the related technology is in the leading position in China.

In terms of high-end desktop ultrasound, the company has successively launched S60 and P60 series of high-end color Doppler ultrasound in recent years, becoming one of the few domestic manufacturers to launch high-end color Doppler ultrasound, making continuous breakthroughs in obstetrics and gynecology and whole-body application, and the installed capacity of 3A hospitals has been continuously improved. In 2022, the fourth-generation artificial intelligence prenatal ultrasound screening technology, Cheng’s-Fetus 4.0, was released, which is the world’s first artificial intelligence technology based on dynamic images to automatically capture standard sections, enhancing the competitiveness and technical advantages of high-end ultrasound obstetrics and gynecology. After years of technical research and development, the company obtained CE(MDR) registration certificate for a new generation of ultra-high-end color ultrasound platform in December 2022, and the company officially entered the ultra-high-end ultrasound field.

The company has mid-and low-end desktop ultrasound covering different application scenarios, such as P40/P20/ P20 Elite series, P21E Lite/P10 series, and portable ultrasound including X/E series and S9 series. The application scenarios cover the mid-to-high-end and low-end portable markets. In 2021, color Doppler X5 was opened as the first domestic medical imaging equipment in Tianhe core cabin, which played an important role in astronaut medical security and aerospace medical research.

Through a large amount of R&D investment and continuous technological breakthroughs, in December 2022, the company successfully obtained the third-class medical device registration certificate issued by National Medical Products Administration (NMPA) by opening an intravascular ultrasound diagnostic device independently developed by Medical and a disposable intravascular ultrasound diagnostic catheter independently developed by Shanghai Aisheng, a wholly-owned medical subsidiary, and officially entered the cardiovascular professional field. At the same time, in the field of veterinary ultrasound application, the company released a professional veterinary ultrasound ProPet series in 2022 to further expand the market scope of ultrasound products.

After more than 20 years of research and development and technical breakthrough, the company’s ultrasound products have formed complete high, medium and low product grades at the level of ultrasound products, and the clinical solutions cover a more comprehensive product pattern.

Endoscope field: Through in-depth development of core technologies, the company has introduced full HD digestive tract endoscope soft mirror system, three-chip 2k hard mirror, 4k hard mirror, 4K fluorescent hard mirror and other products. At present, it has many advanced endoscope technologies and technologies, such as the spectral imaging technology (SFI), photoelectric composite dyeing imaging (VIST), multi-wavelength LED light source with high brightness and high color rendering index, design and adjustment of micro-optical imaging module, long-distance transmission of high-speed broadband video signal, high-definition real-time image processing technology, high-performance mirror manufacturing, ultrasonic probe for endoscope, soft mirror manufacturing, hard mirror manufacturing and auto-focusing hard mirror camera module. HD-550 series HD endoscopes independently developed by the company are widely recognized by clinicians and represent the leading level of domestic endoscopes at present. In the field of high-end mirrors, breakthroughs in optical magnifying endoscope, ultra-fine endoscope and adjustable stiffness endoscope have been achieved, filling the domestic gap.

After years of efforts, the company’s product line has gradually expanded from internal medicine to "internal medicine+surgery", from diagnosis to "diagnosis+treatment" and from equipment to "equipment+consumables", and the multi-product strategy has taken shape.

(2) The company’s business model

1. Profit model: The Company is a manufacturer that independently develops, produces and sells medical device products and provides professional after-sales service; The company mainly obtains sales income by selling medical diagnostic equipment and related accessories. The company’s profit mainly comes from the difference between sales income and production costs and expenses and after-sales service income.

2. Sales mode: The company’s sales mode includes two modes: distribution and direct sales. Among them, the distribution mode means that the company sells the products to the dealers outright, and the dealers then sell the products to the end customers; In recent years, the number and quality of the company’s dealers have been continuously improved, and the coverage and penetration of the market have been continuously increased. Direct selling mode refers to the company selling products directly to end customers, mainly referring to the government bidding and sales to large chain medical groups that the company directly participates in. In order to improve the market coverage and quickly promote the company’s products to expand into a broader market, the company currently adopts the sales model of "combining distribution and direct sales, with distribution as the main and direct sales as the auxiliary", on the one hand, it strengthens the construction of the company’s own professional sales team, and at the same time, it rapidly develops professional agents and channels with strong regional sales capabilities in various product lines.

3. Production mode: Some parts of the company (such as electronic components and display screens) are directly purchased, some customized parts (such as structural parts) are outsourced according to the company’s design drawings, and some key parts (such as color ultrasound probes and endoscope bodies) are produced independently, and then single board testing, whole machine assembly, quality inspection and delivery are carried out in the company. As for the specific production arrangement, the production plan is made according to the rolling sales forecast data provided by the marketing system in the medium and long term, and the reasonable product buffer inventory is made according to the previous sales outbound data. In the short term, the order-based production mode is adopted for different models with different configurations on different platforms to improve the inventory turnover rate.

4. R&D mode: In order to continuously expand the company’s operating efficiency and improve the overall work efficiency, the company has carried out in-depth management reform and dynamic optimization in business management and product management (strategic planning, product planning and investment decision), integrated product development (development process, technical reserve, CBB shelf construction) and human resources system (rank system construction, performance management and salary incentive). Including the introduction of high-end talents required for the pre-research of cutting-edge technologies, the introduction of more advanced methods and tools in the industry, and the construction of technology platforms vigorously promoted by the company in recent years, to help realize high-quality and stable output of products and rapid response to market demand, and at the same time improve the company’s investment efficiency and increase the company’s core competitiveness. Specifically, it includes the following three solutions:

(1) Strengthen the construction of product planning and project approval team, and establish a perfect and layered strategy and market system. Under the dual drive of market and technology, we should strengthen the ability of product planning, improve the ability of market demand analysis, and ensure customer-centered product delivery through a reasonable and efficient management system.

(2) Break the original functional organization and establish and improve the management organization (product line) through organizational structure optimization and integrated development and management reform. Through the project R&D team with the project manager, system engineer and product manager as the core, the company sets up R&D teams with resources in different business directions, including cross-departmental development teams such as marketing, R&D, procurement, production, logistics, service, sales, quality and finance, so as to ensure that the product development process is controllable, the product quality is reliable and the product functions are consistent with customer needs.

(3) The company establishes a hierarchical decision-making mechanism, and an efficient decision-making mechanism can help improve the efficiency of product development and maximize the return on product investment.

5. Procurement mode: The company’s main procurement modes include general procurement mode and outsourcing procurement mode. According to the sales forecast, production plan and raw material inventory, the company selects suppliers from qualified suppliers to purchase raw materials and components. For customized outsourcing parts, the company provides technical design scheme, selects qualified outsourcing manufacturers for production and completes procurement. The company has established a complete supplier management and access mechanism.

During the reporting period, the company’s main business and business model have not changed.

Third, the core competitiveness analysis

1. R&D capability

The company attaches great importance to the research and development of technologies and products with independent intellectual property rights. The total number of R&D personnel is 631, of which master’s degree or above accounts for more than 40%. It has a number of leading R&D talents, such as thousands of national young people, leading talents in scientific and technological innovation in Guangdong Province and high-level talents in Shenzhen, and has presided over a number of key scientific and technological research projects such as the key R&D plan of the Ministry of Science and Technology and key technical research projects in Shenzhen.

By the end of the reporting period, the company and its subsidiaries have owned 768 domestic and foreign invention patents, utility model patents and design patents, 240 software copyrights and 17 works copyrights, and the product technology has reached the domestic leading and international advanced level. The company has been recognized as a "national high-tech enterprise" since 2009, and passed the review again in 2020, and was included in the "key software enterprises in the national planning layout". In 2016, 2017 and 2020, the company won the China Patent Excellence Award awarded by China National Intellectual Property Administration for three times, covering the fields of ultrasound and endoscopy respectively. In recent years, the company’s products have been recognized by relevant national units, and ultrasound, endoscopy and in-vitro diagnosis products have been selected into the catalogue of many batches of excellent domestic medical equipment products.

Besides the R&D center of Shenzhen headquarters, the company also has the R&D center of Silicon Valley (Sonowise), Bioprobe (Bioprobe), Tokyo R&D Center (opened in Japan), Shanghai R&D Center (Shanghai Aisheng), Harbin R&D Center (opened in Harbin) and Wuhan R&D Center (opened in Wuhan), which includes the next-generation ultrasound system, high-performance probe, high-definition endoscope, ultrasonic endoscope and intravascular ultrasound.

In addition, the company attaches great importance to the continuous investment in R&D expenses and continuously strengthens the financial support for the company’s R&D and product strategy. In 2020, 2021 and 2022, the R&D expenditure of the company was RMB 237,419,400, RMB 263,058,800 and RMB 328,957,700 respectively, accounting for 20.41%, 18.21% and 18.66% of the company’s operating income respectively. The company firmly believes that in the competition of high-end medical devices in the future, only by continuously investing heavily in R&D and deeply cultivating in its own fields can the company continue to introduce high-end products and ensure its long-term competitiveness.

In terms of ultrasonic products, the company grasps the probe core technologies including broadband single crystal probe technology, broadband composite probe technology, UHF probe technology and special application probe technology, and grasps the ultrasonic host architecture platform including multi-channel hardware platform, low-power ultrasonic imaging technology platform, embedded software platform and rapid imaging technology platform. The key technologies of ultrasonic mainframe that have been mastered and matured include digital multi-beam forming technology, ultra-micro blood flow imaging and high-resolution blood flow imaging technology, high-definition 4D imaging and rendering imaging technology, contrast imaging technology, elastic imaging technology, fusion imaging, image quantitative analysis technology, AI image intelligent identification and measurement technology, remote consultation and so on. And the core technologies related to endoscope, such as optical technology, mirror design, precision machinery, image restoration, image enhancement and real-time image processing, have the ability to develop serial products. In the past three years, the company has made continuous efforts in the research and development of ultra-high-end, high-end and low-end platforms, and has launched high-end product series such as S60 and P60, and based on the high-end product platform, it has derived small product series such as P50, P40, P20, P20 Elite, P12 Elite and P10, providing complete product series for different users. In December, 2022, a new generation of ultra-high-end color Doppler ultrasound platform obtained CE(MDR) registration certificate, and the company officially entered the field of ultra-high-end ultrasound. At the same time, the company released a series of professional veterinary ultrasound ProPet in 2022, further expanding the market scope of ultrasound products.

The company’s high-end products have small body, good ergonomic design and excellent operation flow design concept, and are equipped with high-end functions such as HD 4D, flexibility, radiography, automatic identification and automatic measurement, providing comprehensive solutions for different clinical departments. In terms of portable computers, the X series of notebook color Doppler ultrasound and the E series of portable color Doppler ultrasound are introduced, with high-definition display screens, which have the advantages of clear images, small size, light weight, long battery life and so on. The products are quickly delivered after launch, showing strong market competitiveness. In 2021, the company’s portable color Doppler X5 was stationed in China Space Station. As the only ultrasonic equipment company selected in China, it was a further breakthrough in the ultrasonic field of the company’s ultrasonic products and a deep recognition of product quality.

Ultrasonic probe technology is one of the core technologies that determine the performance of ultrasonic system. Relying on independent research and development, after more than 10 years of efforts, the company has owned a number of invention patents at home and abroad in probe technology. At present, the company’s color ultrasound probe technology (such as broadband single crystal probe technology, broadband composite probe technology, high-frequency phased array technology, transesophageal probe technology, ultrasonic endoscope probe technology, biplane probe technology, 4D probe technology, laparoscopic probe, intraoperative probe, etc.) is in a leading position in China. The company produces more than 60 models of medical ultrasonic probes, which have the characteristics of high density, high sensitivity and wide frequency band, and the clinical application basically covers all parts and organs of the human body. In today’s ultrasonic field, the highest-end single crystal probe technology, the company has reached the international first-class level, providing the core technical guarantee for the advanced performance of the whole system.

Soft mirror and hard mirror products: Relying on independent research and development, the endoscope company has accumulated rich experience in the research and development of core technologies such as miniaturization design and assembly of high-definition optical imaging module, precision mechanical design and assembly of high-performance electronic endoscope body, high-speed data long-distance transmission and high-speed image processing. At present, it has many advanced endoscope technologies and processes, such as spectral imaging technology (SFI), photoelectric composite dyeing imaging (VIST), high-definition real-time image processing technology, optical micro-module packaging, high-performance mirror body manufacturing, ultrasonic probe for endoscope, soft mirror body manufacturing, etc., which makes the electronic endoscope product technology at the leading level in China. In 2016, the company launched the first domestic high-definition electronic endoscope system HD-500, which was widely recognized by the market. In 2018, the first HD-550 system equipped with iEndo intelligent platform was launched, and the company’s competitiveness in the high-end market of electronic endoscopes was further enhanced. Based on the technical accumulation of soft endoscope imaging technology, the company quickly entered the field of hard mirrors, and successively listed three-chip 2k hard mirrors, 4k hard mirror systems, 4K fluorescent hard mirror systems and other products, with good clinical feedback and good sales growth trend at present.

Intravascular ultrasound: In December, 2022, National Medical Products Administration (NMPA) successfully issued the third-class medical device registration certificate, and the company officially entered the cardiovascular professional field. Kaicheng Medical has become the only high-tech enterprise among domestic ultrasound manufacturers that has the ability to develop and produce desktop ultrasound, portable ultrasound and intravascular ultrasound.

2. Talent team

The medical device industry has a high demand for talents, and the company has always attached importance to the construction of talent team since its establishment. By the end of 2022, the company and its subsidiaries had 631 R&D personnel, accounting for 27.04% of the company’s total employees. The company’s R&D personnel are distributed in ultrasonic imaging system and clinical application, endoscopic imaging system and clinical application, endoscope body, ultrasonic array transducer, modeling and instrument structure, process technology, in-vitro diagnosis and other fields, and are responsible for product development and management. At the same time, the company has a number of domestic experts in the field of ultrasound and endoscopy. R&D personnel have a complete organizational structure and perfect functions, and have been able to operate systematically and well.

At present, the company has established a professional sales team with a marketing network covering nearly 130 countries and regions around the world, which has advantages in global brand promotion and dealer training. The company’s talent team has been motivated through the employee stock ownership platform before listing, and continues to be motivated through restricted stocks after listing, and the company’s talent team remains stable.

In addition, the company has an experienced and complementary senior management team. The current senior managers are all graduated from domestic first-class universities, and have long-term management experience in medical device manufacturing enterprises and working experience in medical device industry; The management team of the company has accumulated rich experience in technology research and development, production management and marketing in the medical device industry. A considerable number of high-end talents introduced by managers for the head enterprises of the industry can make corresponding business plans based on the actual situation of the enterprise, the development trend of the industry and the market demand, and achieve business goals through strong management measures.

3. Advanced quality management

Adhering to the quality policy of "innovative technology, scientific management, providing industry model products and services for the medical device market with excellent quality" and adhering to total quality management (TQC), the company has continuously optimized a series of complete, legal and effective quality management systems, including: ISO 9001 idt GB/T19001, ISO13485 idt YY/T0287 quality management systems; The United States, Canada, Australia, Brazil, and Japan jointly promoted the quality system of medical device single audit scheme (MDSAP); IECQ QC080000 hazardous substance process management system; Regulations and system requirements of other target markets, and have obtained relevant certification certificates issued by TUV Rheinland, CMD Beijing Huaguang and SGS Tongbiao; It ensures the continuous safety and effectiveness of the company’s products, and the product quality has been widely recognized by the target market. The products have obtained the product access certification of China NMPA, US FDA, EU CE and other target markets. In 2022, the first domestic electronic duodenal endoscope (ED-5GT) developed by the company was registered and listed in NMPA, China. Intravascular ultrasound diagnostic equipment V10 for ultrasound imaging examination of coronary intravascular lesions was registered and listed in NMPA, China, and the disposable intravascular ultrasound diagnostic catheter (TJ001) used with it was registered and listed in NMPA, China by its subsidiary Shanghai Aisheng. Insufflator SF-N/H series is registered and listed in NMPA, China, which enriches the company’s laparoscopic products and surgical peripheral equipment.Products are more complete; Many products of the company have obtained CE(MDR) certificates issued by TUV Rheinland, the EU’s announcement agency.

4. Marketing network

In terms of overseas marketing, the company has maintained strong business investment and localization capacity building in the past few years. The company has accumulated a lot of money and grasped the market opportunity of medical demand recovery. Coupled with the series of new products listed and mass-produced in 2022, the company’s overseas business scale.

And the brand influence continues to expand, specifically: 1) The company’s portable ultrasound E series and X series have been widely praised by end users, and they have been extended to more developed countries and high-end hospitals through shelter hospitals and emergency procurement, which has further expanded the market space, user groups and applicable departments of related products, which has favorably guaranteed the sustained and steady growth of the company’s sales; 2) With the global release of the company’s artificial intelligence prenatal ultrasound screening technology "Fengyan S-Fetus", the company further set off an international upsurge in high-end intelligent ultrasound products and won unanimous praise from experts and users. The S60, P60 and Elite series products loaded with "Feng-Yan S-Fetus" have gained further recognition and positive feedback among middle and high-end users, and the sales have achieved rapid growth year-on-year, further consolidating the strength of the company to break through the high-end overseas ultrasonic market; 3) Relying on the company’s long-term brand accumulation in the ultrasound field and the gradual enrichment of the company’s high-end series of intelligent ultrasound products, the company actively grasped the market opportunities in overseas developed countries such as the United States and Germany, and achieved rapid growth in the European and American markets by deepening the construction of localized subsidiaries, expanding the scale of localized teams, and rapidly introducing new intelligent ultrasound products, realizing the rapid expansion of the installed base of core customers such as hospitals with medium or above scale, accumulating experience and laying a foundation for the company’s ultrasound business to enter the mainstream markets of developed countries with broad market space; 4) After years of accumulation, investment and development,With the continuous enrichment of endoscopic products and the firm support of the company for end users and channel partners in the past few years, the overseas marketing network of endoscopes has been continuously improved in quantity and quality, the number of professional endoscopic channels has been increasing, and the capacity and scale of core channels have also achieved rapid growth. Based on this, the company’s endoscopic business has achieved rapid growth overseas. In more and more countries, it has achieved the situation that brand awareness and market share are three-thirds that of Japanese brands, which greatly enhanced the market position and recognition of China’s endoscope products overseas, and provided a solid foundation for the further development of the company’s endoscope business overseas; 5) With the successive certification of circular array ultrasonic endoscope and linear array ultrasonic endoscope products, it has become the fourth manufacturer in the world and the only one in China that can provide the most advanced ultrasonic endoscope system (EUS) representing the industry. After full clinical trial in the early stage, the company’s ultrasonic endoscope products have won unanimous praise from overseas experts and users. In the first year of mass production, it has been sold and installed in about 20 overseas countries, and has obtained positive feedback on its use, which has provided continuous business for the subsequent ultrasonic endoscope products. 6) With the help of the company’s continuous rich endoscopic product solutions and the addition of high-end products such as ultrasonic endoscopic products, the company actively promotes academic global interaction while promoting products to the sea.Into mirror & Dialogue, a self-owned academic series dedicated to providing communication, discussion and cooperation platforms for endoscopists at home and abroad, has been continuously carried out in countries along the Belt and Road, which has promoted the overseas communication of China medical technology and China endoscopists, enhanced the academic popularity of the company’s brand among overseas experts and opinion leaders, and provided a foundation for the company’s follow-up promotion of high-end products and therapeutic products; 7) With the gradual installation of 2K HD hard mirror system, the listing and promotion of 4K ultra HD hard mirror system, and the installation of ultra-abdominal joint solution in overseas model hospitals, and relying on the high starting point performance and quality of related hard mirror products, the company has made rapid development in the surgical field, realized large-scale sales, and initially established a professional team and professional channel network needed for the sustainable development of surgical products in overseas markets, providing a driving force for the company’s business in the vast surgical market; 8) With the release of ProPet, a special ultrasonic product for animals, and the appearance of V-2000, a special endoscopic product for animals, the company has formed a comprehensive veterinary product solution, and the related products, relying on excellent performance and specialized and customized design for animal medical treatment, have received strong attention and positive feedback from relevant users as soon as they came out overseas. As a global emerging market, the vast space of the veterinary market is

The company’s veterinary product solutions provide great potential business opportunities, and also provide a new growth curve for the company’s sustained growth; 9) Relying on the company’s continuous management improvement and efficiency improvement plan, the overseas subsidiaries and service centers opened by the company in many places around the world have further improved their management level and management awareness, honed the mechanism of customer-centered, rapid response and joint cooperation between China and foreign countries, and formed a more efficient management system and landing mechanism in overseas markets, which provided a foundation for the efficient operation of the company’s business overseas.

In domestic marketing, with the deepening of domestic substitution policy, more and more medical institutions prefer to purchase domestic equipment, which provides a good development environment for domestic medical device industry. Driven by policies and funds such as special medical funds issued by local governments, subsidized loans from the central government, the construction of shelter hospitals, and DRG charging according to diseases, it has made important positive contributions to the growth of the domestic market. During the reporting period, the admission rate of equipment in the domestic market reached the highest in the past years, and the credibility of clients was improved. The main manifestations are as follows: 1) Through the continuous high-end technology and clinical application of ultrasound products and endoscope products, the company has accelerated the realization of high-end breakthroughs in clinical departments such as ultrasound department, endoscopy center, emergency department, ICU, surgery and operating room, and the proportion of secondary and tertiary hospitals in domestic marketing revenue has increased year after year. 2) By strengthening process management, deepening market coverage and customer segmentation, not only regular orders have a good growth rate, but also more orders for new infrastructure and discount items have been obtained. 3) The company has a certain brand effect in the ultrasound and endoscope industries. By grasping the construction of multi-level channels, breeding high-quality agents, in-depth training of core agents and other measures, the penetration promotion rate of medical institutions at all levels and customers’ awareness of the company’s brand have been improved, achieving all-round growth in various market segments; 4）Through high-end GI color ultrasound, high-end obstetric color ultrasound, high-end gastrointestinal endoscopy, high-definition laparoscopy, the only domestic ultrasound endoscope, intravascular ultrasound, dozens of high-end probes, high-end mirrors and the industry’s leading obstetric intelligence and stiffness-adjustable endoscope, an extremely rich product category has been formed. High-end products have not only been more widely recognized in large public hospitals, but the advantages of multi-product lines have been improved year by year, and high-end products have been realized. With the help of rich product solutions covering high, medium and low end, the company’s products have achieved good development in all levels of markets, especially in the fields of medical shortcomings, physical examination screening health concerns, hospital construction, reconstruction and expansion, and centralized procurement at provincial and municipal levels. 5) The company always pays attention to the after-sales service for end customers, gradually sets up a spare parts warehouse in the branch, and continuously optimizes the network maintenance center in order to provide more effective and faster services for local customers and channels. The company has a clear process of pre-sale, in-sale and after-sale support, and has accumulated rich customer service experience. While continuously introducing ingenious products to the market, it meets customer needs, improves customer satisfaction, actively handles customer complaints, ensures customer information security, and improves customer repeat purchase rate; 6) The domestic marketing system not only focuses on business development, but also gradually improves the internal incentive mechanism, training mechanism and promotion mechanism, establishes a competitive salary system in the industry, and enhances the cohesion and stability of employees. 7) continuously increase the construction of information systems, simplify processes, improve the system of responsibilities and rights, and improve organizational efficiency.Promote the rapid growth of the team and provide a broader space for the training and exchange of team talents.

Fourth, the main business analysis

1. Overview

In 2022, the company’s domestic and international business achieved good growth, and the effect of "ultrasound+endoscope" two-wheel drive appeared, and the company’s income and profit scale reached a new level. The ultrasound business continued to grow steadily, the endoscope preparation business continued to achieve high growth, and the soft mirror business remained the industry leader. Through continuous cultivation in the fields of ultrasound and endoscopy and continuous introduction of new products, the company has gradually developed into a multi-product line and high-end medical device industry group covering "diagnosis+treatment", "internal medicine+surgery" and "equipment+consumables". During the reporting period, the company achieved an operating income of 1,762,649,000 yuan, an increase of 22.02% over the same period of last year; The operating profit was 382,428,300 yuan, an increase of 77.33% over the same period of last year; The total profit was 381,942,400 yuan, an increase of 50.25% over the same period of last year; The net profit attributable to shareholders of listed companies was 369,811,700 yuan, an increase of 49.57% over the same period of last year.

(1) R&D management and scientific and technological achievements

During the reporting period, the company continued to invest heavily in R&D. In 2022, the company’s R&D investment was 328,957,700 yuan, accounting for 18.66% of the operating income. By the end of 2022, the company and its subsidiaries had 768 domestic and foreign authorized patents, an increase of 24.47% compared with the same period of last year. Adhering to the concept of "innovating science and technology, enjoying health", the company has always been guided by customer demand, adhered to diversified strategic layout, strengthened R&D investment in high-end products of various product lines, continuously strengthened technological innovation and enhanced product competitiveness.

In the field of ultrasound, the company has achieved fruitful results in 2022 after continuous breakthroughs and accelerated the launch of new products in recent years. In May, 2022, the fourth-generation artificial intelligence prenatal ultrasound screening technology, Feng ‘an S-Fetus 4.0, was released. It is the world’s first artificial intelligence technology based on dynamic images to automatically capture standard sections, which enhances the competitiveness and technical advantages in the field of high-end ultrasound obstetrics and gynecology. After years of technical research and development, the company obtained CE(MDR) registration certificate for a new generation of ultra-high-end color ultrasound platform in December 2022, and the company officially entered the ultra-high-end ultrasound field. In August, 2022, the company released a professional veterinary ultrasound ProPet series, and in October, 2022, it launched a new generation of mid-range and low-end desktop ultrasound P20Elite/P12 Elite series, which accelerated the layout of the low-end market. In December, 2022, the company independently developed and launched intravascular ultrasound diagnostic equipment, and became the only high-tech enterprise among domestic ultrasound manufacturers to develop and produce desktop ultrasound, portable ultrasound and intravascular ultrasound.

In the field of endoscopy, 2022 is the harvest year of the company’s research and development. For the first time, the company introduced domestic ultra-fine electronic gastrointestinal endoscope, optical magnifying electronic gastrointestinal endoscope, electronic colonoscope with adjustable stiffness, electronic circular scanning ultrasonic endoscope EG-UR5, electronic fan scanning ultrasonic endoscope EG-UC5T and other products, which greatly enriched the types and high-end functions of the company’s soft mirror body, further narrowed the gap between the company’s soft mirror products and imported brands, and provided strong support for the company’s endoscope to better break through the high-end hospital market. At the same time, in 2022, the company developed and registered a 4K fluorescent endoscope system in the field of hard mirrors, which enhanced the company’s product strength in the field of minimally invasive surgery and contributed to the sustained and rapid growth of minimally invasive surgery business.

(B) marketing management

During the reporting period, domestic marketing further subdivided market targets and sales teams, promoted the close integration of marketers and clinical customers, enhanced customer stickiness and tapped more potential clinical and academic needs, with a view to strengthening customer service capabilities. In terms of its own team management, it has implemented the marketing combat culture of "sincerity, passion, cooperation and professionalism", gradually stabilized the work system and team structure of various business lines, continuously improved the collaborative efficiency and refined operation mode of various departments, and achieved efficient collaboration, resource integration and flexible response in academic marketing, marketing promotion, channel empowerment and after-sales support, which significantly improved the per capita efficiency. In terms of channel marketing, we have established and improved a relatively perfect dealer management system and system, gradually strengthened channel training and embedded management, increased the full-time sales staff of high-quality agents, and significantly improved the number, quality and scale of channels. In terms of marketing promotion, in the past few years, offline promotion meetings and travel have been reduced, and online channels have been upgraded, which has rapidly expanded multi-platform and multi-form online promotion. Through 175 online meetings, a professional academic exchange platform has been built for the majority of medical workers, and high-end color Doppler ultrasound and high-end endoscopy have been effectively promoted, which has deepened the communication and exchange between the company and customers, and between customers. By virtue of ingenious quality, timely capacity supply, perfect after-sales service and constantly optimized management mechanism, the company has improved the marketing efficiency, realized sustained and healthy growth of operating income and net profit, and laid a solid foundation for the company’s long-term development.

During the reporting period, overseas marketing systems continued to explore new market space, and business continued to grow rapidly. Among them, in terms of business landing, with the excellent performance of E-series portable color Doppler ultrasound in the past few years, the company established a broad user base, laying the foundation for the sustained and steady growth of ultrasound business; X series portable ultrasound has opened up the business space of clinical departments for the company, and laid the foundation for further growth of ultrasound products in overseas clinical departments; With the introduction of "Feng-Yan S-Fetus" artificial intelligence module, the competitiveness of high-end ultrasonic products S60/P60 and Elite series has been further strengthened, which has provided sufficient power for the rapid growth of the company’s ultrasonic business in the middle and high-end user base and the continuous improvement of brand influence; While the number, quality and coverage of overseas endoscope professional channels are increasing, with the installation of EUS in about 20 overseas countries, the company’s endoscope business continues to grow at a high speed in overseas markets, and has formed a stronger brand awareness among high-end users; At the same time, the surgical business has achieved rapid growth, initially achieved large-scale sales in overseas markets, and established a professional talent team and professional channel network focusing on surgical business in the process, making it possible for the surgical business to continue to grow at a high speed; As soon as it was launched, the solution of special products for animals received strong attention from the market and users, which provided the possibility for the company to seize the opportunities in overseas animal markets and provided new growth points for the sustainable development of the company’s business. In terms of academic activities, with the help ofWith the global release of "Phoenix Eye S-Fetus", EUS global trip and Scoping＆Dialogue academic series activities, the company relies on innovative products and continues to empower experts and users through academic activities, creating opportunities for exchanges and interactions between Chinese and foreign experts, while promoting the global exchange of advanced medical technologies, further establishing the company’s academic brand image and providing a foundation for the company’s professional and high-end business development; In terms of organizational structure and marketing methods, the company has continuously increased the investment in overseas localization. While increasing the capacity building and team size of existing subsidiaries and self-operated service centers, it has actively explored the deepening and upgrading of localization to form a breakthrough in the mainstream markets of developed countries and intensive cultivation in developing markets, and based on this, it has achieved rapid business development in the United States, Germany, Russia, India and other places. At the same time of rapid business development, under the traction of the company’s overall business promotion plan, the company’s overseas business has been simultaneously improved in scale and efficiency, which provides a basis for the healthy and rapid development of the company’s overseas business and also provides a solid financial foundation for the company to break through overseas developed countries and high-end user groups.

(C) Human resource management

In 2022, the company’s human resources management continued to deepen on the basis of the changes in 2021.

In terms of team building, through the comprehensive application of the optimized rank sequence and salary mechanism, the identification, development, retention and encouragement of the core and high-potential talents in different rank sequences have been gradually realized, and the cohesion and combat effectiveness of the talent team have also been continuously improved.

On the basis of improving the "hard mechanism" of human resources, we will continue to promote the project work of strengthening corporate culture construction, promote the vitality of the organization, help the business break through the bottleneck, and help the organization as a whole achieve more challenging strategic goals.

In talent management, organization and talent inventory have become the routine work of the company, and the orderly optimization based on effective analysis of talent structure has been realized. The establishment of the company’s overall talent management system has achieved remarkable results. It can examine and adjust the matching degree between organizations and talents in real time through scientific and effective tools and programs, and more effectively support the effective achievement of the company’s overall strategic objectives.

In 2022, the company launched a new equity incentive and awarded 7.064 million shares of the second type of restricted stock to 186 incentive targets. The launch of the equity incentive plan will help to enhance employee cohesion, team stability and stimulate the enthusiasm of the management team. In the future, the company will take equity incentive as a normalized incentive mechanism, effectively combining the interests of shareholders, the company’s interests and employees’ personal interests to jointly promote the company’s long-term development.

(4) Entering a new base and ushering in a new starting point for development.

In 2022, the company’s Kaikai Medical Building in Guangming District, Shenzhen was officially opened, and most employees of the company’s production, R&D, marketing and functional systems moved in. The self-built production and operation base reduces the dependence on leasing, improves the management and operation efficiency and improves the stability of the company’s production and operation. The centralized work of employees in all systems is conducive to promoting internal communication and enhancing work coordination, and the merger of R&D and production bases has accelerated the industrialization efficiency of the company’s R&D achievements. The completion of the medical building will lay a foundation for the company’s long-term development and create a better brand image, and the company’s development will usher in a new starting point.

V. Prospect of the Company’s Future Development

(I) Future development prospect of the company

In 2022, the company made a great breakthrough in performance, with both revenue and profit reaching a new level. The development of the enterprise entered the stage of scale effect, and the profit growth rate was significantly higher than the income growth rate. The company’s long-term adherence to high R&D investment, multi-product line strategy and high-end product development strategy has achieved initial results.

In 2022, the company achieved fruitful research and development, and registered many heavy products in China. These new products will have a direct and positive impact on the company’s business development in 2023 and beyond:

(1) Ultrasonic products. The whole line of products on S60/P60 platform is released with the fourth generation artificial intelligence prenatal ultrasonic screening technology, Cheng’s-Fetus 4.0, which enhances the company’s competitiveness and technical advantages in the field of high-end ultrasonic obstetrics and gynecology. Release Elite series ultrasonic products to strengthen the company’s product strength in the mid-range ultrasonic market. In 2022, the company released a series of professional veterinary ultrasound ProPet to further expand the market scope of ultrasonic products.

(2) The products of digestive and respiratory medicine are registered and certified in China, including: optical magnifying endoscope, adjustable rigidity endoscope, ultrasonic endoscope (circular array and convex array), duodenoscope, fine endoscope, etc., which greatly enriches the company’s soft endoscope types and high-end functions and lays a foundation for the future development of the company’s internal medicine business.

(3) Minimally invasive surgical products, registered and certified in China are: insufflator, 4K fluorescent endoscope system and 10mm hard endoscope. At the same time, with the excellent clinical performance of 2K and 4K white light endoscope system, the company’s business income of minimally invasive surgery doubled in 2022.

(4) The company’s intravascular ultrasound (IVUS) products also obtained the domestic registration certificate in 2022. IVUS plays an important auxiliary decision-making role in percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) surgery, including preoperative evaluation and postoperative optimization. Clinical results show that IVUS can significantly improve the prognosis and curative effect of patients.

Looking forward to 2023, domestic and foreign business exchanges and social life will return to the original track, and the company’s product promotion and sales activities around the world will be carried out normally. In the past few years, the global supply shortage of chips and electronic components and the price increase of some raw materials have eased, and the company’s production and delivery capacity has been better guaranteed. After the liberalization of control, the number of outpatient services in hospitals will gradually recover, and the market demand for medical devices such as ultrasound and endoscope will be more stable.

From the development trend of the industry, the domestic and international medical device market has been improving for a long time due to the aging of the population and the fact that medical security has been paid more attention in the past few years. In recent years, the domestic government has introduced related policies such as graded diagnosis and treatment, new medical infrastructure and encouraging the purchase of domestic equipment, which is conducive to the import substitution of domestic high-end medical devices. Looking forward to the new year, the company is more confident about the development in 2023:

(1) In the field of ultrasound, in 2023, the company will release a new generation of ultrasound platform, which has unique coherent field imaging technology, continuous focusing of the whole field, higher resolution and more information of biological tissues; The new platform is more intelligent. In addition to the artificial intelligence prenatal ultrasound screening technology Eichhornia S-fetus, it also realizes new AI applications such as intelligent operation flow and automatic lesion identification. It also has high-end application functions such as shear wave elastic imaging, fusion imaging and high-resolution contrast imaging. The new generation of ultrasonic platform will push the company’s ultrasonic products into the ultra-high-end field.

(2) Gastroenterology and Respiratory Medicine: In 2022 and 2023, the new types of mirrors released by the company were first introduced by domestic endoscopic enterprises, which filled the domestic blank and basically met the equipment needed for various complex operations in Gastroenterology. Specifically, the optical magnifying endoscope introduced by the company can better identify lesions in the intensive examination of digestive tract, help early cancer screening and improve the detection rate of early cancer; The colonoscopy with adjustable rigidity can better cope with different patients, help doctors improve the success rate of cecal intubation and reduce the discomfort of patients; Ultrafine colonoscopy has special application in children’s colonoscopy; Ultrasonic endoscopy combined with optical endoscopy and ultrasonic imaging can not only observe the mucosal surface morphology, but also obtain the structural characteristics of various layers of body cavity, as well as fine needle aspiration biopsy (EUS-FNA) guided by ultrasonic endoscope, which has become an important tool for the diagnosis and treatment of pancreatic tumors. Electronic duodenal endoscope is mainly used for minimally invasive endoscopic surgery for some hepatobiliary and pancreatic diseases, mainly for endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP). Endoscopic ultrasonic diagnostic equipment (ultrasonic probe) can clearly display the hierarchical structure of digestive tract wall, and preliminarily judge and distinguish the nature of lesions according to the echo characteristics of lesions, which has important clinical value for the diagnosis and guidance of treatment methods of submucosal tumors. In 2023, the company will officially launch the Jingwei series endoscope system, which can significantly enhance the competitiveness of the company’s endoscope products in the basic medical market, and meet the needs of third-level hospitals that need internal and surgical compatible endoscope system departments. The introduction of the above new kinds and products enriches the company’s product types and structure in the field of soft mirrors.It will provide continuous support for the rapid growth of the company’s digestive and respiratory medicine business.

(3) In the field of minimally invasive surgery, the company’s 4K fluorescent endoscope system will be officially launched in 2023. At the same time, the company will launch the next generation endoscope system 4K-100, and the company’s product layout in the field of minimally invasive surgery will be gradually improved by combining the hard mirror body manufactured by insufflator and laser welding technology independently developed by the company. According to the clinical needs, supporting the company’s existing laparoscopic ultrasound and digestive endoscopy products, the company’s "super-abdominal combination" solution in hepatobiliary surgery, the "double-mirror combination" solution in gastrointestinal surgery, and the digital operating room will constitute the company’s unique competitive advantage in the field of minimally invasive surgery. Looking forward to this year and next, minimally invasive surgery business will become the company’s fast-growing business.

(4)IVUS is a relatively innovative product in China, and only a few manufacturers in the world can provide it. Due to the centralized collection of coronary stents and the increased recognition of IVUS’ clinical value, the penetration rate of IVUS in domestic PCI surgery is increasing. At present, the penetration rate of IVUS in China is still far behind that in Europe, America, Japan and South Korea, and the domestic IVUS market capacity is growing rapidly. In 2023, IVUS products will be officially released and listed, and the company will set up a professional marketing service team. The development of IVUS business is worth looking forward to.

Looking forward to the future, the company will consolidate its position in the field of ultrasound and digestive and respiratory medicine, and ultrasound will strive to maintain the first echelon in China and the business of digestive and respiratory medicine will continue to lead in China; The comprehensive competitiveness of minimally invasive surgery business began to stand out and became a new growth point of the company; IVUS business is the seed business that the company officially entered the cardiovascular field. The rapid growth of endoscope business has driven the rapid growth of the company’s overall business income, and gradually established the company’s brand influence in the domestic endoscope field. The company’s overall financial data is stable, entering the stage of scale effect, and the multi-product line strategy has gradually landed, laying a solid foundation for the company’s long-term stable development.

In fact, in July this year, the asset was auctioned once. At that time, the starting price was 98.94 million yuan, which was close to a small goal. Finally, it was auctioned because no one was interested. The starting price dropped to 79.15 million yuan, but no one was willing to take over, and even the attention was halved.

This Lifan in Henan belongs toLifan technologyIts wholly-owned subsidiary, which was put into production in 2014, specializes in producing new energy electric cars, which is the first step of Lifan’s new energy transformation.He and Wei Xiaoli were born in the same era, but the ending was very different.

Google has released a developer preview of Android P, the prototype of the latest generation of Android 9.0. If you are a user of Pixel devices, you can already experience the new system first. Compared with the previous Android system, Android P has obviously changed in function and mechanism.

Due to these changes, many good days of Android apps have come to an end, and they have to be laid off in the face of the new system of Android P. So what App will Android P eliminate? Let’s take stock.

Screenshot editing App

Whether it is Android or iOS, it has a screenshot function natively, and it does not need a third-party screenshot App like the early Saipan. However, if you use a native Android system, you often need to install a third-party screenshot App.

Why not, just because the system’s native screenshot function can’t edit the screenshot content after the screenshot, if you want to code some information of the screenshot, the native screenshot is powerless. Therefore, there is quite a market for third-party screenshot apps, but in Android P, they may be laid off.

In Android P, the system can edit screenshots natively.

In the first developer preview version of Android P, that is, the version of DP1, the system has added the native screenshot editing function. After the screenshot, you can do some simple daubing and cutting on the picture.

In fact, this function is not new. Screenshot editing has become a standard in many third-party Roms, but in Android P, it is finally going to be popularized in all Android systems, leaving the living space for third-party screenshot apps smaller and smaller.

Incoming call firewall App

In the era of the popularity of smart phones, apps have stolen more and more privacy, so how to prevent harassment is also a technical activity. Many people will isolate harassing calls by installing an App such as an incoming call firewall, and the effect is really good. However, in Android P, these incoming firewall apps may encounter challenges, because Google intends to do this function in person.

In the open source code of Android P, the developers found the related content about the incoming call firewall, and this part of the code was submitted by Sony to the Android open source project. According to the relevant code, Android P can intercept numbers that are not in the contact list, undisclosed numbers, numbers that lack information, etc. Although the function is relatively elementary, it is still a practical improvement.

Android P will have a stronger incoming call firewall.

So will the incoming call firewall App be replaced? Or will not be completely laid off. It seems that this call interception function of Android P can be turned on by the operator, and its functions are not comprehensive. For example, it seems that it is impossible to intercept calls through the cloud database.

In fact, many third-party Roms have added the function of call firewall to Android, and Android P natively adds some basic call interception settings. If you want to achieve a better effect of Approaching third-party Roms, I’m afraid the call firewall app is still necessary.

Bluetooth mouse and keyboard simulation App

Android is very playable. For example, Android can simulate the mouse and keyboard of a PC through a third-party App. Generally speaking, to realize this kind of function, you need to take the remote desktop protocol and connect through the Internet or WiFi. However, in Android P, the system’s own function of simulating mouse and keyboard goes further. The Android P system itself can connect to the computer through Bluetooth, making the mobile phone become the Bluetooth mouse and keyboard of the computer, which is very convenient.

At present, some apps on Android can make mobile phones act as Bluetooth mouse keyboards.

In Android P, the system should have related functions natively.

There is no doubt that this is a very practical function. People can’t find a Bluetooth mouse and keyboard anytime and anywhere. When you suddenly want to remotely control the HTPC in the living room, or you can’t find a remote controller to demonstrate PPT for a while, Android P can make your mobile phone come in handy.

System tools such as refrigerator /Xposed.

The reason why the App mentioned above will be laid off is mainly because Android P provides similar functions. However, in addition to new functions, the system mechanism of Android P has also changed, which leads to some previously available apps not running in the new system, thus facing elimination.

In Android P, Google has greatly restricted the use of unofficial APIs. Google will lock the APIs that the App can access, and some APIs of the system will no longer be provided for the App to access, and it is difficult for the App to use unauthenticated APIs.

What will be the result? On the one hand, it will directly lead to the failure of the push and sharing functions of many apps. Some apps can achieve the push function because they use some third-party push platforms and need to access relevant API；; On the other hand, the black technology App that many players like to see and hear can’t be used.

Unofficial API may not be available in Android 9.0.

Many Android apps with high playability will use some APIs that are not included in the official SDK. For example, Xposed and refrigerator, etc., through some hooks, you can achieve functions that ordinary apps can’t do.

However, in Android P, Google will restrict the use of non-SDK methods and fields, and developers will not be able to access them — — Whether through direct call, reflection or JNI. If you try, you will receive error prompts such as NoSuchFieldException or NoSuchMethodException. Therefore, many apps that players like to see and hear are basically abolished and have to step down in the new system.

Old applications/using old SDK applications

Some friends may not agree that these system tools have been eliminated by Android P. After all, these tools are generally unpopular and only players will care. However, apps that are forced to be laid off are actually not limited to these niche tools. In Android P, apps that are frequently contacted by the public may also be on the verge of elimination.

A large number of domestic apps still use the old SDK and may face elimination.

In the new system, Android P has made strict restrictions on the application of the old Target API. Google added a new regulation MIN_SUPPORTED_TARGET_SDK_INT to the SDK. If the SDK version of the App is lower than v17, then the App will not be compatible with Android P. This means that Android 4.1, including the previous version of the App, will be eliminated in Android P.

Now that the first developer preview version of Android P has been released, developers have also tested it. The test results are as expected, and the old version of the App really can’t run. In Android P, although the old version of the App can still be installed, when it is opened, the system will warn that the App is incompatible and needs to be upgraded. At present, many domestic apps still use the old SDK. I am afraid that in the era of Android P, these old applications will become history.

summary

In fact, each generation of Android will add more functions close to practical applications, and it will also set up some unprecedented restrictions. These measures will inevitably squeeze the living space of some apps.

However, although each generation of Android system will bring challenges to old apps, it will often bring many new opportunities, such as the Internet of Things and ARCore, which are the mainstay of Android in the past two years, which can make people see many possibilities. Android 9.0 is undoubtedly a dramatic version. I hope that both Google and App developers can bring users a better experience in this generation of Android.