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　　Mycoplasma pneumonia mostly occurs in autumn and winter, and there are sporadic cases in other seasons. At the initial stage of infection, the symptoms are similar to those of the common cold, which should be comprehensively judged according to the onset time, clinical symptoms, physical examination, imaging examination and pathogenic examination.

　　Recently, mycoplasma pneumonia has aroused concern, and most of the patients infected with mycoplasma pneumonia in hospitals across the country are children. The disease control departments in Beijing, Shanghai, Jiangsu, Shaanxi and other places all issued reminders, and there was a peak in pediatric clinics.

　　The reporter found that the number of outpatient and emergency departments in many hospitals in Beijing has increased to varying degrees. Most of the patients are children, but many adults have been recruited. Xu Baoping, director of the Department of Respiratory Medicine of Beijing Children’s Hospital, said that since September, the number of daily outpatients in the fever and cough clinic of Beijing Children’s Hospital has increased, and about 20% of the children tested positive for mycoplasma pneumoniae. In autumn, other pathogens such as respiratory syncytial virus, influenza virus, rhinovirus, adenovirus and other infections have also increased.

　　Mycoplasma pneumoniae can be repeatedly infected.

　　The reporter learned from Chaoyang Hospital in Beijing that mycoplasma pneumonia (MPP) refers to pulmonary inflammation caused by mycoplasma pneumoniae (MP) infection, which can involve bronchi, bronchioles, alveoli and interstitial lung. Mycoplasma pneumoniae pneumonia is the most important community-acquired pneumonia in children aged 5 and above in China.

　　Mycoplasma pneumonia mostly occurs in autumn and winter, and there are sporadic cases in other seasons. Some people think that the prevalence rate of children under 5 years old is low, but it is not uncommon for young children to be infected.

　　Mycoplasma pneumoniae is divided into many categories, with fever and cough as the main clinical manifestations, which may be accompanied by headache, runny nose, sore throat and earache. Fever is mainly moderate to high fever, and persistent high fever indicates serious illness. Cough is more severe, which can be similar to whooping cough. Some children have wheezing, especially infants. The early signs of the lungs may not be obvious, and with the progress of the disease, there may be a decrease in breathing sounds and dry and wet rales.

　　Mycoplasma pneumonia is contagious. It can be transmitted by droplets and direct contact, and it can be repeatedly infected. It is not always immune once. Experts remind that if there are two or more babies at home, they need to be isolated.

　　Because Mycoplasma pneumoniae can affect both upper and lower respiratory tract, when the upper respiratory tract is initially infected, there are symptoms similar to the common cold, such as stuffy nose, sore throat and fever. Whether you are infected with mycoplasma pneumoniae and whether the infection progresses to pneumonia needs to be comprehensively judged according to the onset time, clinical symptoms, physical examination, imaging examination and pathogenic examination.

　　Dong Xiaoyan, director of the respiratory department of Shanghai Children’s Hospital, said that if school-age children have symptoms of respiratory infection, persistent fever and aggravated cough during the epidemic season of mycoplasma pneumoniae, parents should be especially vigilant, and there may be mycoplasma pneumoniae infection. If the child is clearly infected with mycoplasma pneumoniae, and there are persistent high fever, listlessness, cough with vomiting, etc., it is necessary to seek medical attention in time.

　　There are more children with mycoplasma pneumoniae infection this year than in previous years.

　　Cao Ling, director of the Department of Respiratory Medicine of the Capital Institute of Pediatrics, said in response to the media that the high incidence of mycoplasma pneumoniae infection is from August to December every year in Beijing, and it usually reaches its peak around November every year. However, as far as this year’s situation is concerned, it is hard to say when the future summit of mycoplasma pneumoniae infection will occur. There are indeed more children infected with mycoplasma pneumoniae this year than in previous years, mainly concentrated in school-age children.

　　With the high incidence of mycoplasma pneumonia in children, there are more patients with mycoplasma pneumonia in adults. It is reported that a 32-year-old patient with mycoplasma pneumonia was admitted to the Department of Infectious Pulmonary Diseases of Ningbo Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine recently. While he was hospitalized, the children at home were also hospitalized, and a family of three people were recruited one after another.

　　Sun Minghuan, an attending Chinese physician in the Department of Infectious Pulmonary Diseases, reminded that Mycoplasma pneumoniae is contagious. When someone at home has symptoms such as fever and cough, he should see a doctor as soon as possible, and his family should be well protected to avoid infection.

　　Adults who stay with children infected with mycoplasma pneumoniae for a long time are still not to be underestimated. Dr. Sun Minghuan said that the susceptible population of mycoplasma pneumonia is children and adolescents, but recently, the number of adult patients with mycoplasma pneumonia admitted to them has also increased significantly compared with the past. Like mycoplasma pneumonia in children, mycoplasma pneumonia in adults is characterized by fever and cough, which may be accompanied by symptoms such as headache, runny nose, sore throat and earache. Cough is more severe and paroxysmal dry cough is more common.

　　How do parents deal with mycoplasma pneumonia?

　　Does mycoplasma pneumoniae positive mean that you have mycoplasma pneumonia? Zhang Yu, a researcher at China Center for Disease Control and Prevention, wrote that, in fact, mycoplasma pneumoniae positive and mycoplasma pneumonia are two different things.

　　The result of mycoplasma pneumoniae test is positive, suggesting that the pathogen may be infected, but the infection cannot be 100% confirmed. Detection methods of mycoplasma include PCR detection of nucleic acid and ELISA detection of antibody. Mycoplasma pneumoniae positive generally means antibody positive. There are two kinds of mycoplasma antibodies: IgM antibody and IgG antibody. If IgM antibody is positive, it indicates acute infection; If only IgG antibody is positive, it suggests that mycoplasma pneumoniae has been infected. In addition, any clinical detection method has a certain false positive rate. Therefore, a positive antibody test does not mean that you are infected with Mycoplasma pneumoniae.

　　Regarding whether mycoplasma pneumonia can cause "white lung", professionals said that mycoplasma pneumonia may bring mucus plugs to block the bronchi, which in turn will cause "atelectasis", that is, the air content of the lungs will be reduced, resulting in "white lung" in imaging. But this is two concepts with the "white lung" of diffuse lesions in both lungs.

　　By tapping the back to expel phlegm, eliminating phlegm with drugs, bronchoscopy and other means, the child can be cured in a short time, and basically will not cause life-threatening. Most children with mycoplasma pneumoniae infection have a good prognosis. Children with severe and refractory mycoplasma pneumoniae infection may leave lung structure or function damage, which requires long-term follow-up.

　　How to prevent mycoplasma pneumoniae infection? Experts say that in daily life, we should first ventilate more and gather less. At ordinary times, it is best to open the window and ventilate 2 to 3 times a day at home for 15 to 20 minutes each time. Avoid taking children to crowded and poorly ventilated public places in the near future. Secondly, we should maintain good personal hygiene habits, wash our hands and rinse our mouths frequently. Appropriate outdoor activities, pay attention to physical exercise, and ensure adequate rest time. In addition, clothing should be appropriate, and clothing should be increased or decreased in time when the climate changes, with warm hands and feet and no sweat.

CCTV News:According to the WeChat official account news of "Gongxin Weibo", on December 6th, the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology held a symposium for the director of the National Communications Administration and a symposium on information and communication supervision.The meeting pointed out that it is necessary to speed up the construction of new infrastructure, promote key core technologies, improve the governance system, promote the healthy development of the platform economy, build a national network security barrier, promote the deep integration of the digital economy and the real economy, and provide strong support for the construction of a powerful country, a network power and a digital China.

The meeting emphasized that the information and communication industry is a strategic, basic and leading industry of the national economy. It is necessary to persist in promoting the modernization of the industry, continuously consolidate and enhance the competitive advantage and leading position of the industry, persist in empowering the digital transformation of the real economy, and consolidate the technology, network, application, market and security foundation of services to support new industrialization, and play a greater role in promoting new industrialization and building a modern industrial system. It is necessary to speed up the optimization and upgrading of new information infrastructure, promote the coordinated development of "double gigabit", speed up the layout of intelligent computing facilities, optimize the internet architecture, and improve the green and low-carbon level of information infrastructure. It is necessary to speed up tackling key core technologies, promote the R&D and innovation of 6G technologies, and build a modern industrial system of information and communication. It is necessary to deepen the empowerment of integrated applications, issue guidance on the high-quality development of industrial Internet, promote the "100 million" action of 5G factories, and accelerate the industrial "intelligent transformation from digital to network". Support platform enterprises to expand consumption scenarios, empower manufacturing and enhance international competitiveness. It is necessary to strengthen the network and data security system and capabilities, strengthen the construction of technical support capabilities, improve the data security management level of the industry, and promote the innovative development of the network and data security industry. It is necessary to further promote the construction of a new industry supervision system, improve the all-round, multi-level and three-dimensional supervision system, improve the supervision of the whole chain and all fields before and after the event, actively and orderly promote the opening up of the industry, and further promote the construction of work style and rectification work.Deepen the supervision of key areas such as APP. Improve the emergency communication plan system and command system, and ensure communication services for major events and emergencies.

　　BEIJING, June 13 (Xinhua) According to the website of State Taxation Administration of The People’s Republic of China, recently, State Taxation Administration of The People’s Republic of China issued the Measures for the Administration of Pre-tax Deduction Certificates of Enterprise Income Tax (hereinafter referred to as the Measures), which came into effect on July 1, 2018.

　　On the 13th, the State Administration of Taxation issued a related interpretation in official website, stating that there are many kinds of pre-tax deduction vouchers, wide sources and many situations. The Measures clarify the related concepts, application scope, management principles, types, tax treatment of basic situations and tax treatment of special situations from the perspective of unified understanding, easy judgment and easy operation. At the same time, the "Measures" always runs through the concept of "combining management with release and optimizing services", which will play a positive role in thoroughly implementing the spirit of "streamline administration, delegate power, strengthen regulation and improve services" reform in the tax system. First, the Measures clarify that receipts, internal vouchers and split vouchers can also be used as pre-tax deduction vouchers, which will reduce the tax burden of taxpayers. Second, the "Measures" have detailed provisions on the types, filling contents, acquisition time, replacement and replacement requirements of pre-tax deduction vouchers, which is beneficial for enterprises to strengthen their own financial management and internal control management and reduce tax risks. Third, in view of the fact that enterprises have not obtained external vouchers or obtained non-compliant external vouchers, the Measures provide remedial measures to protect the legitimate rights and interests of taxpayers.

　　Interpretation shows that the taxpayers subject to the Measures are resident enterprises and non-resident enterprises as stipulated in the Enterprise Income Tax Law and its implementing regulations.

　　According to the interpretation, since it is difficult to list the pre-tax deduction vouchers one by one, clarifying the management principles is conducive to eliminating disputes and ensuring that taxpayers and tax authorities jointly follow and standardize the handling. Pre-tax deduction vouchers should follow the principles of authenticity, legality and relevance in management. Authenticity is the foundation. If the economic business and expenditure of an enterprise are not authentic, it will naturally not involve the issue of pre-tax deduction. Legality and relevance are the core. Only when the form and source of the pre-tax deduction voucher comply with the relevant provisions of laws and regulations, and are related to the expenditure and have probative force, can it be used as the proof of the pre-tax deduction of enterprise expenses.

　　The interpretation also explains the following contents:

　　— — Relationship between pre-tax deduction voucher and pre-tax deduction

　　Pre-tax deduction voucher is the basis for enterprises to deduct relevant expenses when calculating taxable income of enterprise income tax. The scope and standard of pre-tax deduction of enterprise expenditure shall be implemented in accordance with the enterprise income tax law and its implementation regulations.

　　— — The Relationship between Pre-tax Deduction Voucher and Relevant Information

　　In business activities and economic exchanges, enterprises are often accompanied by contract agreements, payment vouchers and other related materials. In some cases, they are the basis for expenditures, such as the judgment documents issued by the court to judge enterprises to pay liquidated damages. The above information does not belong to the pre-tax deduction certificate, but belongs to the information that is directly related to the business activities of the enterprise and can prove the authenticity of the pre-tax deduction certificate. The enterprise should also fulfill the responsibility of keeping it in accordance with the relevant provisions of laws and regulations for verification by relevant departments, institutions or personnel, including the tax authorities.

　　— — Types of pre-tax deduction vouchers

　　According to the source of pre-tax deduction vouchers, the Measures divide them into internal vouchers and external vouchers. Internal vouchers refer to the original accounting vouchers that enterprises fill in for accounting expenses according to national accounting laws, regulations and other relevant provisions when expenditures occur. For example, the original accounting vouchers such as wages paid by enterprises to employees, payroll and so on are internal vouchers. External vouchers refer to invoices, financial bills, tax payment vouchers, split sheets and payment vouchers issued by other units and individuals when an enterprise has business activities and other matters. Among them, invoices include paper invoices and electronic invoices, as well as invoices issued by tax authorities.

　　— — Time requirement for obtaining pre-tax deduction certificate

　　Enterprises should obtain the pre-tax deduction vouchers that meet the requirements when spending occurs. However, considering that enterprises may need to reissue or replace the pre-tax deduction vouchers that meet the requirements in some cases, the Measures stipulate that enterprises should obtain the pre-tax deduction vouchers that meet the requirements before the end of the final settlement period stipulated in the current enterprise income tax law.

　　— — Tax treatment of external vouchers

　　If an enterprise obtains invoices and other external vouchers that meet the requirements within the prescribed time limit, the corresponding expenses can be deducted before tax. Those who should have obtained invoices and other external vouchers, or those who have obtained non-compliant invoices and other non-compliant external vouchers, can be handled in accordance with the following provisions:

　　1. Tax treatment before the end of the settlement period

　　(1) If invoices and other external vouchers that meet the requirements can be reissued or exchanged, the corresponding expenses can be deducted before tax.

　　(2) If the other party is unable to reissue or exchange invoices or other external vouchers that meet the requirements due to special reasons such as cancellation, cancellation, revocation of business license according to law, and being recognized as an abnormal household by the tax authorities, the corresponding expenses can be deducted before tax after the authenticity of the expenses is confirmed by relevant materials.

　　(3) Failing to reissue or exchange invoices and other external vouchers that meet the requirements, and failing to prove the authenticity of expenditures with relevant materials, the corresponding expenditures shall not be deducted before tax in the year in which they occur.

　　2. Tax treatment after the final settlement period.

　　(1) Due to some reasons (such as purchase and sale contracts, engineering project disputes, etc.), if the enterprise fails to obtain the invoices and other external vouchers that meet the requirements within the prescribed time limit or fails to obtain the invoices and other external vouchers that do not meet the requirements, and the enterprise voluntarily fails to make pre-tax deduction, the corresponding expenses can be retroactive to the annual deduction of the expenses after obtaining the invoices and other external vouchers that meet the requirements in future years, and the retroactive deduction period shall not exceed 5 years. Among them, if the other party is unable to reissue or exchange invoices or other external vouchers that meet the requirements due to special reasons such as cancellation, cancellation, revocation of business license according to law, and being recognized as abnormal households by the tax authorities, the corresponding expenses can also be retroactive to the annual deduction of the expenses in future years after the enterprise confirms the authenticity of the expenses with relevant materials, and the retroactive deduction period shall not exceed 5 years.

　　(2) If the tax authorities find that an enterprise should have obtained invoices and other external vouchers, or has obtained non-compliant invoices and other external vouchers, and the enterprise has reissued or replaced the invoices and other external vouchers that meet the requirements within 60 days from the date of being informed, or verified the authenticity of the expenses according to the provisions of Article 14 of the Measures, the corresponding expenses can be deducted before tax in the year in which they occur. Otherwise, the expenditure shall not be deducted before tax in the year in which it occurs, nor shall it be deducted after the year.

　　— — Special provisions

　　1. If there are other provisions on invoicing taxable items in State Taxation Administration of The People’s Republic of China, the specified invoices or bills shall be used as pre-tax deduction vouchers, such as the railway bills printed by China Railway Corporation and its affiliated transportation enterprises (including branches) as stipulated in State Taxation Administration of The People’s Republic of China’s Announcement on Changing the Business Tax of Railway Transportation and Postal Industry to VAT Invoices and Using the Tax Control System (State Taxation Administration of The People’s Republic of China Announcement No.76, 2013).

　　2. Although the expenditure items incurred by enterprises in China are not taxable items, if they can be invoiced according to the regulations of State Taxation Administration of The People’s Republic of China, the invoices can be used as pre-tax deduction vouchers, such as the non-taxable items specified in the Appendix "Classification and Coding Table of Goods and Services Taxes" of Announcement of State Taxation Administration of The People’s Republic of China on Several Issues Concerning the Administration of VAT Invoices (State Taxation Administration of The People’s Republic of China Announcement No.45, 2017).

CCTV News:The soil of the Loess Plateau was blown from Siberia, and after more than 2 million years of settlement, it finally formed today’s appearance. It is soft and easy to cultivate, and it is also easy to lose. And a lot of sediment in the Yellow River comes from the Loess Plateau.

Liu Guobin is a native of Yulin, Shaanxi Province. Growing up by the Yellow River, he had a dream of being a doctor, but he didn’t expect that he would deal with loess all his life and become a "doctor" for the Yellow River.

A seemingly ordinary lump of earth is loess with a history of at least ten thousand years. It is this piece of loess that carries Liu Guobin’s feelings for nearly 40 years.

As a researcher research centre of soil and water conservation of the Ministry of Education of China Academy of Sciences and a professor at the Institute of Soil and Water Conservation of Northwest A&F University, Liu Guobin has been devoted to the research and demonstration of soil and water conservation and ecological restoration on the Loess Plateau for nearly 40 years, and regards harnessing the Yellow River as a top priority in his life. Inspired by farmers’ soles, he successfully completed the experiment of fixing soil by simulating the roots of plants through artificial steel wire needles. It has made great contributions to soil and water conservation and vegetation protection.

"It is worthwhile to see the effectiveness of the Yellow River regulation."

From the recorded period to the 1970s, the average annual sediment transport of the Yellow River reached 1.6 billion tons.

"What is the concept of 1.6 billion tons? If it is converted into a soil belt of one meter square, it can circle the equator of the earth 72 times. " Liu Guobin said that serious soil erosion and loss of vegetation protection directly led to the decline of grain output. Therefore, the life of local farmers is getting harder and harder.

Academician Zhu Xianmo, Liu Guobin’s mentor and a famous soil and water conservation scientist, once said, "If the Yellow River is unclear, I will die unsatisfied." Liu Guobin has always remembered this sentence. Now, Liu Jiaoshou has white hair. For him, managing the Yellow River has changed from a job to a lifelong career.

In the past 20 years, the ecological environment construction centered on returning farmland to forests and grasslands in the Loess Plateau has effectively reduced the loss of runoff, sediment and nutrients, restored vegetation to a certain extent, and greatly improved the natural ecological environment in this area.

In 2015, King William Alexander of the Netherlands, who was on a state visit to China, and his party visited Yan ‘an and visited the achievements of soil and water conservation on the Loess Plateau. He was very excited after learning about the situation of soil erosion control in the Loess Plateau, and praised it on the spot, Good (good), Excellent (excellent) and Very great (very good).

"I saw the great changes in China here." William Alexander said. As early as 2005, as a crown prince, he visited Yulin, Shaanxi Province, and inspected the corrosive impact of the Yellow River on the Loess Plateau. Nowadays, the living standards of farmers here have been greatly improved. After years of afforestation, the loess plateau region has also changed its old look.

By the time Zhu Lao died in 2017, the average annual sediment discharge of the Yellow River was less than 200 million tons, which basically reached the standard of "clearing", and Zhu Lao’s wish had been achieved. This achievement was achieved through the hard work of student Liu Guobin and several generations of "sand control people".

Facing the achievements, Liu Guobin said: "We usually work harder and feel depressed, but we are very excited to see that the flood disaster in the Yellow River can be reduced so much."

Get the wisdom of managing the Yellow River from the soles of the shoes

"Don’t you see how the Yellow River’s waters move out of heaven, entering the ocean, never to return", "The Yellow River is far above the white clouds, a lonely city of Wan Ren Mountain" and "On the Yellow River for nine days, people and ghosts have a bird’s eye view of it" … … As the mother river, the Yellow River carries too many feelings of Chinese. The management of the Yellow River will not happen overnight, but it needs the unremitting efforts of several generations.　

The soil on the Loess Plateau is easily washed away, so the Yellow River has less water and more sand. The disharmony between water and sediment is the crux of the Yellow River’s complexity. Liu Guobin has been working hard to overcome scientific research problems for decades.

Why is soil erosion? Because there is no vegetation protection. At the scene of the program, Liu Guobin showed two vivid experiments for everyone. A piece of soil planted with plants, besides the vegetation on it, the most important thing is that it has roots below it. Root system becomes the key to soil erosion.

How to study the roots in the soil? How to simulate it to understand the function of root system? Liu Guobin was racking his brains to think. When he was walking with his colleagues, he saw villagers taking soles. After that, his mind was full of needles, threads and dirt, and in a flash, he was inspired. Finally, he used an artificial steel wire needle to thread cotton thread back and forth into the soil, and made an experiment of "simulating root system".

"After the experiment was done, I showed it to my tutor, Mr. Zhu Xianmo. At first glance, the old gentleman who is usually serious about people is good. You can explain this question to me clearly. He smiled with great satisfaction." Liu Guobin said that it is this experiment that provides an important scientific basis for understanding the relationship between vegetation and soil loss.

With this achievement, people can choose more suitable vegetation types under different soil and environmental conditions, so that vegetation can play a more full role in soil and water conservation, and finally achieve sediment reduction and make the Yellow River clear.

Make the Yellow River a "Happy River"

Liu Guobin didn’t like his job from the beginning, but today, although his hair has turned gray, he still says he won’t give up. "Our vegetation coverage has doubled from 33% to about 64% now." Today’s loess plateau, the mountains are much greener and the water is much clearer.

However, although the Yellow River is clear, Liu Guobin is not satisfied. In addition to clearing the river, he hopes that the mother river will become a "happy river". People in the Yellow River Basin should have a real sense of satisfaction and happiness.

In Liu Guobin’s view, if the Yellow River is to become a "happy river", the first thing to do is to make people living in the Yellow River basin feel happy. Different eras have different understandings of happiness. In the 1930s and 1950s, happiness was "a cow on 30 acres of land, and his wife and children were hot on the kang". In the 1980 s and 1990 s, it was a kind of happiness to replace the caves at home with new ones; Nowadays, farmers live a rich life. The average income of farmers in northern Shaanxi is more than 10,000 yuan a year, which is many times higher than in the past. The house is many times bigger, and happiness has a new meaning.

Liu Guobin believes that happiness should be a very high quality of life, plus ecological civilization. "Ecological civilization is an advanced social form. From ideas to living conditions to policies, to the harmony between man and nature, happiness can be brought. I understand it this way."

This happiness is easy to say, but it can’t be achieved in one sentence. How to realize happiness, how to realize happiness on the Loess Plateau and make the Yellow River a "river of happiness"? Liu Guobin said: "This is a long road, and we are still on the road." (Text/Kang Yanlong)

1905 movie network news Matt Ruskin’s new film "The Boston Stranger" is in full swing. A few days ago, the film exposed several studio photos. In the photo, one of the main characters of the film appeared on the set in an elegant retro dress.

Judging from the costumes, accessories, props and street scenes shown in the photos, Boston strangler will have a time background in the 1960s. The story of the film is adapted from a real case in Boston.

From June 1962 to January 1964, in a short period of one and a half years, 13 women in Boston were strangled by foreign bodies, and most of them were sexually assaulted before they died. Under the madness of the media, the whole people in Boston fell into great panic, and people called the killer "Boston strangler." No one expected that the killer would confess himself. This man was Albert Henry Desavo. However, the conviction process of Desavo is full of doubts, and it has not been concluded until today. This is also a famous judicial event in American history.

Besides Knightley, many stars, including Alessandro Nivola, will join the cast. On the producer side, Kevin Walsh and Michael Pruss will escort the film. It can be said that this is an all-star team, whether starring or behind the scenes, are the first-line roles in the industry.

They are so good! It turns out that there are so many "god operations" on the walls of the home! Original Flower Friends Little Peanut Net

Orange: It’s the weekly "Good Life" column again.

Today, our theme is "wall utilization of learning family": how to use the wide or narrow wall at home to help children’s study and life.

This topic is often talked about constantly. I found that the imagination of flower friends is getting richer and richer in the matter of "asking the wall for space", and the practice can be described as "various styles".

In the past, we shared many "big book walls" with indomitable spirit.

The picture comes from Huayou @ 京京京京京.

In fact, in addition to creating reading space, there are more uses for the walls in our home.

Today, Oranges have counted 6 kinds of "learning family wall" building schemes, and there is always one suitable for your home from the real experience of 18 families!

No.1 plan wall

Let children learn to plan themselves and establish the concept of time.

1. Use a 70cm "narrow wall" to help children plan their time.

@ 京京京京京

With the growth of the baby’s age, the time planning wall has gradually become a very important position. Since my sister was in the middle class at home, we have put the "time plan" on the wall.

From 2020, the narrow wall with a width of only 70 cm below will be fixed as the family time planning wall.

It changes every quarter, and important festivals, birthdays of family members, important appointments, short courses, and activity arrangements in each month are listed in the calendar.

Because the hanging envelope made of plastic material is adopted, the A3-sized calendar can be easily printed and replaced, and temporary events can also be written directly on it with a pen, which is very convenient to wipe.

You should have noticed the labels in different colors on the paper. This is a monthly holiday label. I bought a pocket printer. The labels in different colors have different meanings: pink is a holiday label, blue is an important appointment, yellow is a short course, white is an exhibition or outdoor activity, and all kinds of colors can be known at a glance.

The two children are also used to having a look every day, and what needs to be prepared in advance in the coming week and month, and the concept of time has been grasped since childhood.

Because this narrow wall is located in the center of the family (between the living room and the kitchen), it has played different functions in each stage of their growth.

In 2019, this narrow wall is a task wall. During this period, it is mainly to form good living habits. Every day, the "TO DO LIST" is posted on the wall, and there will be rewards after completion, such as watching the IPAD for 5 minutes and eating an ice cream.

The time plan for the beginning of 2020 is so long that each time period and corresponding tasks are written, which is more specific.

At the beginning of the formulation, I don’t expect the baby to accurately pinch the execution, just let the two babies understand what things must be completed in a day, such as morning reading, evening reading and housework, which are absolutely necessary projects.

After a short period of adaptation, the two children also successfully formed the habit of reading in the morning and reading in the evening.

2. Using the space in front of the desk, the child’s schedule is clear at a glance.

@ Clockwork ostrich

The four walls prepared by my family for the baby are "planning walls", and the area is not large, and two of them use the wall in front of the desk.

The first one is the planning/display board in front of the study desk.

Used to post schedules, memos, near-term goals, presentation of awards, and things that Amway wants to give to children …

The second is to use the wall in front of the public desk at home, and decorate the hole board and message board.

Handbooks and planning materials are stored here, and the message board next to them can hang the schedule of children and adults.

Our family still has a Zhang Quannian schedule, but since this year is magical enough, we haven’t written any decent schedule yet.

There is also a glass whiteboard in the corridor, which is used randomly. It is very convenient to write a check list or let the baby talk about the topic.

3. Self-made English calendar wall, and children learned English by the way.

@ Dusty blue dots of dust

I made a calendar wall by myself. Eva is very proud of me and will tell others: My mother made this for me.

Through this calendar, Eva knows the words of month and week, the concept of year, month and day, the expression of weather and season, the suitable temperature for human life and the number of days in each month.

Because I work in shifts, he will also count when I go to work and when I don’t. I have gained a lot, and this calendar is really worthwhile.

No.2 reading wall

Move the library into the house and let the children develop reading habits.

1. Skillfully use the wall behind the sofa and bay windows to create a comfortable reading corner.

@ Dora and Mom

For the convenience of our daughter Dora, we just moved to the old house opposite the junior high school, a brick-concrete house with three bedrooms, two bathrooms and balconies with a building area of 76 square meters, which is over 30 years old.

There are three permanent residents in a family, and there are enough spaces. The size of each space is really flattering. From the beginning of planning to move, I made up my mind to make books not only well stored, but also convenient or beneficial for children to read as the top priority!

Although everything is not perfect, we have tried our best.

Let’s talk about the wall bookshelf behind the sofa in the living room first.

Putting the bookshelf behind the sofa has the disadvantage that the three floors below are blocked by the sofa, which is inconvenient to access.

But the advantage is that it is convenient to take the two floors on the sofa that are usually out of reach, and it is safe for children. In addition, it is clear at a glance within the line of sight and may be reminded to look at it at any time.

Behind the sofa is the IKEA Billie bookshelf, which is 2 meters wide and 2.37 meters high. Billy provides some bookcase units, which can be combined by himself, including the whole glass door, some covered doors, some glass doors, or even no doors at all.

The third floor below 1.05 meters in the lower section I chose is a blind door, and the configuration of the top glass door. The lower part is covered by the sofa, and some books and periodicals that have been published or not read for a while will not be opened for a long time. The shutter door is dustproof and safer than the glass door.

In addition, I think everything in my family is the most suitable match. The sofa is an old rattan chair, which is very light. Dora’s mother can easily open it at home and take the books on the lower floor.

The windows on the side of the sofa are tucked in the cracks of the building. In order to get more light, we made bay windows during the decoration. Originally, we wanted to make a book corner for Dora, but now two birds have been added to make it a space for birds, which is quite interesting.

2. The TV wall becomes a book wall, putting down thousands of books of two children.

@ Nan Xiaomei

The two children are only 8 years old. Since they were 10 months old, they began to read enlightenment. At that time, they hoarded a lot of picture books with big pictures, mostly in Itsumi Taro (I really love Japanese picture books for young children).

Every major e-commerce activity, the shopping cart is cleaned once, so there are more and more books at home. Picture books, bridge books, novels … bookcases have changed from one to five now.

The TV wall has also become a book wall.

The reading arrangement of the two young children is to read books with too many words from Monday to Friday, and then browse the picture books at will on Saturday and Sunday.

There are three IKEA storage cabinets against the wall in my house, which are also full.

This cabinet is stacked with books with many characters, including bridge books. On the leftmost shelf, there are four layers of books that I read this year, and the rest are all two small ones.

In recent years, not only the two children fell in love with reading, but my old mother also fell in love with reading again after many years as a student! Thousands of books of children are here.

3. The open book wall of less than 1 square meter turns my living room into a library.

@ sweet dumplings Jia

I have always wanted to have an open book wall, build a "Home Library" and create a family atmosphere of knowledge. This time, renting a house finally realized my dream.

We chose the steel library bookshelf, which can adjust the height of the book at will, and there is no formaldehyde and no smell.

This book wall can not only hold more than 1000 books of us and Tangyuan, but also a display picture book rack, a storage area for family documents, a charging station for electronic equipment, and a storage cabinet for children’s teaching AIDS and board games …

There are generally two kinds of bookshelves in a family with a baby. One is a bookcase like the family library mentioned above. Books are inserted and placed vertically, only the spine on the side is exposed, so you need to prompt according to the spine when choosing books.

The other is the display picture book frame, which exposes the whole cover. For young friends who mainly read pictures, there is no doubt that the display picture book frame is more friendly.

I used the combination of "book stop+telescopic rod" to transform the bookcase.

Stick the bottom of the book stop on the bookshelf board with seamless nano tape, because the book stop is U-shaped, which can prevent books from slipping.

Originally, there were sockets on both sides of the bookstop, so I can just get in by baiwan a little according to the width of the bookshelf.

Finally, install a telescopic rod.

Because books can’t be placed at a certain angle only with book stops, and the back books may not be able to provide support because of their different sizes, a telescopic rod with adjustable length is needed.

So I finished my transformation, which is super simple, cheap and practical ~

No.3 popularization of science yizhiqiang

Put natural science and human geography on the wall to give children long knowledge.

1. The wall is full of treasures, allowing children to move "autumn" back home.

Children all have the nature of being close to nature. I think being kind to their collections is a great protection of nature, right?

Therefore, the "Baibaoge" for children has been expanded recently. The following is the full picture of the current stage:

Many friends will ask at first, "Did your family make this cabinet?" . Actually, it’s not. Let’s talk about the wooden lattice first. The truth is that the "treasure lattice" on this wall is actually spelled by seven wooden lattices:

Because I didn’t intend to take it off later, I glued the back to the wall. Will not fall down.

The collection inside is divided into plants, stones, biology and daily life.

The exhibition here originated from a sunny weekend in autumn. While walking, the child accidentally found acorns on the ground by the roadside on a sunny day.

Out of natural curiosity, I looked around carefully. Soon found the "small hat" of acorn that fell off the fruit because it fell to the ground.

Because I watched Fourteen Mice dozens of times, I quickly took my seat on a sunny day and exclaimed, "Mom, is this an acorn!" " This is the beginning of an interest in picture books, germination and life.

Later, sunny days ignited the interest in finding seeds, and walking for seeds on weekends became a fixed project on autumn weekends.

And this baibaoge wall has become a record of his contact with nature.

2. Make use of the external wall of the house to create a "pipe wall" to cultivate the logical thinking of the baby.

@ 京京京京京京京京京京京

When I visited the kindergarten before, I saw that the whole wall of the kindergarten was made of water pipes that could play with water, and it felt very fun at that time.

Later, when we installed it ourselves, we upgraded the pipeline, which not only expanded from a simple plane combination to a deep three-dimensional combination, but also added blue food pigment to the pool to make the process of water flow more clear and intuitive.

The best thing about the water pipe wall is that it is a prop that can explore the three-dimensional space and logical relationship. Looking at the pictures, you will find that after a period of exploration, my son Hu Jiang has been able to judge the location of the upcoming water in a more complicated pipeline combination.

In addition to horizontal and vertical three-dimensional splicing, you can also try to tilt the pipe combination into an M/W type, and then try to see which port the water will flow out from first if it is poured from one port.

Or ask, do you think the water will flow out of the tap after this glass of water is poured in?

In addition, I borrowed the props for the baby to play with sand and tried to use running water to drive the waterwheel to rotate. It’s all fluid anyway!

Gradually, our water-playing device also attracted the participation of our neighbors and children … I felt as if I were in a kindergarten …

With the pipeline playing with the water wall, the old mother can completely hide next to her and watch the children casually, and then just pack up and change clothes! It’s best in summer!

3. Hang history and geography on the wall to help children establish a "global view"

Looking forward to the stars

Most of the pictures posted on our wall are pictures of liberal arts. The main features are "big" and "complete".

For example, the "Belt and Road" panoramic map:

A summary of the history of China in the form of "historical rings";

In terms of geography, there are also "bumpy" world and topographic maps of China:

There is also a long picture of the longitudinal feeling of natural development and the development of civilization:

No.4 sports wall

When the equipment is on the wall, the child can complete the daily exercise at home.

1. Use the 3-meter-high floor to let the baby practice rock climbing at home.

@ Baibai 485

This wall in my house is not high, but it is more than three meters. In order to let the baby exercise her courage, I installed a climbing wall.

Originally, I just wanted to install the climbing grab, but I was worried about the insecurity. I bought this whole board, spliced it together, and installed a bell on the ceiling and a protective device.

After many attempts, the child can finally ring the bell, but after that, he is not very interested, but he still climbs occasionally.

If you don’t have such a high wall at home, you can also refer to the practice of @Coco Mommy. Using corridor space, find a professional organization to install a "rock climbing practice board" for children;

This is the other side of the exercise board:

This is the perspective from the bottom up:

When installing, you need to use the load-bearing wall. Coco’s family found that only one side of the wall was load-bearing, so for safety reasons, two horizontal bars were reinforced inside and supported by lateral forces.

2. The wall expansion board with various playing methods has a discharge index of five stars.

@ 京京京京京京

The expansion board can be directly installed on the wall, but the ground needs to be protected.

My family chose the arrangement like a couplet to install the expanded version of three boards on the wall near the bed, so that the mattress can be directly protected.

If ideal, children can get off the left board, the right board and vice versa.

Equipment such as ladders and hemp ropes can also be installed on the expansion board, and there are many ways to play.

Huayou’s own invention of the game: "flying ladder in the air"

3. Using the load-bearing wall, install the "universal" household pull-ups

@ Bo ‘er Dad

Pull-ups are very good self-respecting exercises, but they are not easy for many children. Why do you recommend it?

Because a pull-up device can be expanded in many ways, such as rings, swings and TRX hanging training, it needs a place to hang, and pull-ups just meet this demand.

Although it can be used for door frames, it is safer to install it on load-bearing walls.

Home pull-ups have two choices: punching and punching-free. In fact, punching-free can basically meet the needs of families. Of course, if you don’t mind punching two holes in the wall, punching is a safer choice.

Multi-purpose pull-ups are also a good choice.

If the primary equipment above can’t meet everyone’s needs, you can try wooden rib bent.

Ribbed bent can basically meet the daily fitness needs such as leg press, pull-ups, arm flexion and extension (accessories are needed).

No.5 creativity aihaoqiang

Leave a wall for children to play freely, maybe there will be surprises.

1. Blackboard wall interactive wall, let children become the protagonists of learning.

@kikichenelf

When the child was two years old, he went to this blackboard wall. With it, the problem of the smelly boy doodling the wall was solved, and the fun of various interactions was also increased.

For example, children learn English words about the weather by drawing pictures:

This is about shapes:

In the recent one, we tried to sort out the historical context with "annual rings":

2. Use the wall partition to show the baby’s "baby"

@Cone

What little boy doesn’t have a few Dumex cards at home? However, like us, not only babies like adults, but also families who can’t help but pick up their hands when they see the cooperation funds. After several years, they bought nearly a thousand cars, and they really worried about how to take them in.

My request is that it can be displayed for viewing and easy for children to get, and it should not occupy space and be ugly!

After drawers, storage boxes, toy garages, bookshelves, jewelry hanging bags, and even acrylic display cabinets … I finally found the most suitable storage method!

A car show was held with a wall partition;

Every wall in the home can be a children’s drawing board.

@ Wen ~ Kiss my heart

Almost every wall in my house can be a painting wall for children.

A gray wallpaper was put up in the children’s room as a blackboard, and my brother wrote pictures on it when he was a child. Now it’s used to post photos. Above the blackboard wall are paintings by two brothers.

The little corner of the living room is full of my brother’s "masterpieces".

No.6 works/achievement wall

Record every growth and progress of children.

1. It is the greatest affirmation for them to frame and hang their works on the wall.

@ lulu mom Eric

Children have created so many works of art that they are reluctant to throw away every one, especially some oversized hand-made three-dimensional works. What should I do if I can’t put them down at home?

Recommend one of the simplest ways to preserve children’s works-frame it and hang it on the wall.

Put every picture drawn by the child in a photo frame and hang it at home, which not only decorates the wall, but also preserves the children’s works intact ~

People rely on clothes and horses to lean on saddles, and paintings are all mounted by photo frames. With photo frames, it is the feeling of being tall in an instant. If you arrange various shapes with photo frames, it will be full immediately!

2. Draw the recited poems on the wall and record the journey of ancient prose.

@ Annihuiben House

Last February, I caught up with the epidemic at home, attended a poetry conference, and painted poems and paintings with my children.

One painting or handmade work every day, a total of more than 60 days, more than 60 paintings! Sticking them all over the walls at home is also a beautiful scenery!

We draw Li Bai, Du Fu and Bai Juyi together. Li Qingzhao, Du Mu, Su Shi, Li Shangyin and so on.

3. Record the books you have read on the wall and grow taller with the children.

@Emma302

Starting this year, I will copy the spine of the book I have read and post it on the wall every once in a while. The wall is getting higher and higher, and the baby is getting taller and taller.

After reading these, I feel a real and positive atmosphere of life.

How’s it going? Do you want to give it a try?

Original title: "They are so good! It turns out that there are so many "god operations" on the walls of the home! 》

Read the original text

　　Xinhua News Agency, Beijing, June 19th　Title: Investigation on the phenomenon of "sky-high price" luxury zongzi in some places

　　Xinhua News Agency "Xinhua Viewpoint" reporters Wan Zhiyun, Zhou Kai and Shao Luwen

　　As the Dragon Boat Festival approaches, Xinhua Viewpoint reporters in some provinces found that "high-priced" zongzi such as "bird’s nest zongzi", "ginseng zongzi" and "abalone zongzi" appeared in the market, with expensive fillings and luxurious packaging. In order to avoid supervision, luxury zongzi are mostly sold by supermarkets to reservations, from physical gifts to virtual gift certificates, and combined sales are made by playing the price "edge ball".

　　During the visit, many salespeople said that high-end zongzi gift boxes are usually "those who buy them don’t eat, those who eat them don’t buy them, and nine times out of ten they are used as gifts".

　　Each box costs nearly 1,000 yuan, mostly "human feelings"

　　Recently, the reporter learned from some five-star hotels, e-commerce platforms and high-end restaurants that a large number of zongzi gift boxes focus on "high-end" and "luxury" positioning, adding shark’s fin, bird’s nest, sea cucumber, ginseng, black truffle and other precious ingredients to the stuffing, and the price is nearly 1,000 yuan per box. The reporter saw in an unannounced visit to a five-star hotel in a city in southwest China that a gift box of "Abalone Zongzi" cost as much as 988 yuan, and there were only 12 Zongzi in it.

　　The reporter found in some e-commerce platforms that many hot-selling zongzi gift boxes are priced above 500 yuan. The customer service of a food online shop told the reporter that the original price of the best-selling zongzi gift box in the store was 1,288 yuan, and the current preferential price is 820 yuan, which contains 12 zongzi with precious ingredients, with an average price of 68.3 yuan per zongzi. "After a few days on the shelves, nearly 500 copies were sold."

　　There are also some "Wechat business" who engage in so-called "local tyrants" purchasing on social media. According to a purchasing staff, shark’s fin, fish roe and crab roe can all be wrapped in zongzi. "The price is not capped, only you can’t think of it, you can’t buy it."

　　In addition to adding some high-grade ingredients, the reporter also found that over-packaging is also a common feature of luxury zongzi gift boxes.

　　In order to "slim down" the packaging of moon cakes and zongzi, on August 15th, 2022, Revision No.1 of the national standard "Restricting over-packaging of commodities requires food and cosmetics" was officially implemented, requiring that the number of packaging layers be reduced, and the maximum number of packaging layers for moon cakes and zongzi should not exceed three; Reduce the packaging cost, and the proportion of packaging cost in the sales price of moon cakes and zongzi above 100 yuan shall not exceed 15%.

　　In a prominent position in the lobby of a hotel in a city in southwest China, there is a row of "Duanli Yayun" zongzi gift boxes with a price of 498 yuan. The gift box is designed as a suitcase, with two leather locks and a leather handle on the gilded shell. The reporter unlocked the lock and opened the lid to see that the internal design of the gift box was equally exquisite and complicated. Seven small boxes of different sizes were placed in two columns, and only when the small boxes were opened could you see the dumplings packaged independently. The front desk staff of the hotel told the reporter: "This gift box is exquisite in production technology and high in cost. Many people buy it by packaging."

　　On some e-commerce platforms, many shops label gift boxes as "luxury leather boxes", "high-end materials" and "refusing to feel cheap". According to the customer service of an online shop, the "Hongfu Royal Product" luxury gift box in this shop sells the best, and its "three-layer, step-by-step design looks very domineering after opening", coupled with the deep stamping process and color gold printing, it is very advanced. A number of shops said that in order to make the gift box have texture, the weight of the package is often 2 to 3 times that of the zongzi itself.

　　It is worth noting that zongzi, a traditional festival food, tends to be reduced to "human feelings zongzi" and "work zongzi". The reporter combed the popular comments of some hot-selling gift boxes on the e-commerce platform, and "buy and send relatives and friends" and "the leader is very satisfied" became high-frequency words.

　　A person in charge of an enterprise on the eastern coast told the reporter that the enterprise has some important customers and social relations, and every holiday is an important opportunity to give gifts to maintain relations. The value of Zongzi itself is not high. If you don’t add some high-end ingredients, the packaging is not high enough, and you don’t attach some other gifts, it will be difficult to get it. Every year before the Dragon Boat Festival, enterprises will order a batch of gift boxes for "doing things".

　　Frequent "new tricks" to avoid supervision

　　The reporter found that in recent years, the relevant departments have stepped up supervision over "sky-high" food and over-packaging, and the sales of some luxury zongzi have turned from bright to dark, shifting from supermarkets to star-rated hotels, high-end restaurants and social platforms.

　　In a high-end hotel chain in a western city, a 488 yuan zongzi gift box is being displayed in the lobby. The waiter told the reporter that this gift box is not for public sale, mainly for old members and big customers, and it is selling well at present.

　　"The gift box is only displayed in the store, and the sales method is customized by appointment, so don’t be afraid of being inspected." In an online shop WeChat applet, a "rong family Dragon Boat Festival" with a price of 2,680 yuan is being reserved. The customer service told the reporter: "Only specific members can buy and provide delivery service."

　　At the same time, the gift certificate of zongzi is also very common. Some chain pastry shops and hairy crab shops rely on the advantages of many offline stores and complete online platforms to sell high-end zongzi gift coupons through social platforms such as WeChat applets, which can be mailed by express mail or picked up in stores, and provide "gift-giving services" such as writing greeting cards, invoicing and delivery on a specified date.

　　The online customer service of a well-known pastry shop said: "Some units are strict in management, and it is inconvenient to send gift boxes directly. It is better to send electronic coupons safely." The lobby manager of a five-star hotel in an eastern province told reporters: "It is very suitable to buy gift certificates for people. If the recipient doesn’t want to pick up the goods, we can also recycle the gift certificates in cash."

　　In June 2022, the relevant departments issued the Announcement on Curbing the "Sky-high-priced" moon cakes and promoting the healthy development of the industry, and strictly supervised the "Sky-high-priced" boxed moon cakes whose unit price exceeded that of 500 yuan.

　　The reporter visited and learned that some merchants set the price at 499 yuan and 488 yuan by reducing the number of zongzi in order to avoid the suspicion of "sky-high price". For example, the gift box of "Dumplings Filled with Buddha’s Jumping Wall" launched by a chain pastry shop costs 480 yuan, but there are only six dumplings, which translates into 80 yuan for each dumpling. There are also some merchants who use the method of combined sales. A single gift box costs more than 400 yuan, which is bundled with tea and high-grade edible oil.

　　Strengthen supervision to stop unhealthy trends.

　　Experts interviewed said that the "makeover" of luxury zongzi still exists, and it still takes a long time to advocate frugality, oppose waste and create a "fresh" holiday atmosphere.

　　Wang Zhongwu, a professor of sociology at Shandong University, and other experts suggested that while strengthening the supervision of offline sales channels, relevant departments should further improve the management of online sales channels such as e-commerce platforms, and at the same time focus on new "moves" such as high-end customization and membership gift certificates, and be wary of luxury zongzi "from bright to dark, from real to virtual".

　　In addition, the relevant standards of commodity over-packaging need to be further improved. Experts such as Wang Huo, Deputy Secretary-General of China Biodiversity Conservation and Green Development Foundation, believe that the material, environmental protection and manufacturing technology of packaging should be specified in more detail, the rules for initial packaging identification should be optimized, and the calculation method for packaging inspection should be improved, so that producers and operators have no time to drill.

　　At the same time, it is necessary to give full play to the functions of industry self-discipline and self-supervision, and urge industry associations to formulate industry conventions to curb excessive packaging and pursue luxury, so as to avoid blind competition and create a vicious circle.

　　Liao Chenglin, a professor at the School of Economics and Business Administration of Chongqing University, and other experts said that it is understandable to have normal human relations during festivals. However, the issue of "four winds" is often accompanied by an undercurrent during holidays, and bad style such as "human feelings" and "doing things" should be resolutely stopped. Discipline inspection and supervision organs should strengthen supervision, carry out unannounced visits, advocate party member cadres’ honesty for holidays, and firmly stop the "four winds" problem in Zongzi.

I. Overview of the semiconductor industry

The market scale of domestic semiconductor industry is growing rapidly, but the demand supply is seriously unbalanced and highly dependent on imports. The self-sufficiency rate of domestic core chips is less than 10%.

In 2000 and 2020, China’s integrated circuit market accounted for the global share.

5G and AI technology

Science and technology innovation board has provided investment exit channels for hard technology enterprises, and the capital market has actively laid out hot tracks in science and technology innovation board including semiconductors.

Distribution of industries in science and technology innovation board

Second, the industrial chain structure of the semiconductor industry

Semiconductor industry chain

Third, the AI chip industry

AI chip mainly includes three technical routes: GPU, FPGA and ASIC, which are divided into cloud training chip, cloud reasoning chip and edge reasoning chip.

AI chip downstream application

On the edge, AI chip mainly includes four application scenarios: Internet of Things, mobile Internet, intelligent security and autonomous driving.

AI chip downstream application

Fourth, 5G chips

The market scale of mobile phone RF front-end chips is driven by the value growth of stand-alone RF chips.

Under the background of stable shipment of mobile terminal equipment, with the upgrade of communication network to 5G, the number and value of RF devices are increasing, and the market scale of RF front-end chip industry will continue to grow rapidly. From 2010 to 2018, the global RF front-end market scale will grow at an annual rate of about 13.10%, and it will be close to 19 billion US dollars by 2020.

RF front-end components have different growth rates. As the largest market segment of RF front-end, the market space of filters will increase from $8 billion in 2018 to $22.5 billion in 2023, with an annual growth rate of 19%, which is mainly due to the penetration of high-quality BAW filters. The market space of PA will increase from $5 billion to $7 billion, with an annual growth rate of 7%, mainly due to the growth of high-end and ultra-high frequency PA market, which will make up for the contraction of 2G/3G market.

Competition pattern of global RF front-end chip market

At present, the market concentration of RF front-end is high, and foreign manufacturers occupy the vast majority of the market share. The domestic demand brought about by the trade war is the biggest opportunity for domestic RF manufacturers.

The integration of RF front-end makes future acquisitions and mergers and acquisitions an important means of capital withdrawal, and acquisitions and mergers and acquisitions are also one of the ways for chip companies to become bigger and stronger.

V. Internet of Things Chip

With the rapid development of the Internet of Things, the upstream industries related to its universality and connectivity are the first to benefit.

With the implementation of relevant communication standards and the development of communication and cloud computing technology, the Internet of Things has entered the growing period from the initial introduction period.

From the perspective of industrial chain transmission, the Internet of Things will change from "rapid networking" to "scale networking+application services", and the upstream industrial chain links with universality and connection with the Internet of Things will benefit first, including communication chips, sensors and wireless modules.

Industrial structure of internet of things

Atlas of Internet of Things Chip Industry

Sixth, the memory chip

In 2018, the size of the memory market exceeded 160 billion US dollars, making it the largest field of semiconductors, accounting for 30%, and international giants occupied the market.

Atlas of memory chip industry

Seven, optical chip

The localization rate of high-speed optical chips is low, and almost all high-power laser chips depend on imports.

High-end (high-speed, high-power) optical chip industry has high barriers to entry, large investment, long cycle and great difficulty, especially chip material growth, chip design, chip manufacturing process and chip packaging are the core of optical chip R&D and manufacturing.

Atlas of optical chip industry

Eight, automotive chips

The development trend of automotive networking, intelligence and electrification promotes the development of automotive chips in the direction of high frequency, monolithic integration and low power consumption.

Nine, the third generation semiconductor

The third generation semiconductor materials have the properties of high voltage, high frequency and high temperature, and are widely used in the fields of photoelectricity, radio frequency and power.

The third generation semiconductor materials mainly include SiC, GaN, diamond, etc., and are also called wide band gap semiconductor materials because of their band gap width ≥2.3 eV. The third generation semiconductor materials have the advantages of high thermal conductivity, high breakdown field strength, high saturated electron drift rate and high bonding energy, which meet the new requirements of modern electronic technology for harsh conditions such as high temperature, high power, high voltage, high frequency and radiation resistance.

The construction of 5G base station promotes the rapid growth of GaN RF market.

Radio frequency device is the basic component of wireless communication equipment, which is responsible for the conversion, reception and transmission of electromagnetic signals and digital signals in wireless communication, and is the core of wireless connection.

In the past ten years, the application of national defense has been the main driving force to promote the development of GaN technology, and now these technologies are shifting from military to commercial. Due to their excellent high-frequency performance, most Hong Jizhan below Sub-6GHz will adopt GaN devices in the future, and 2019-2021 will be the key period for the construction of 5G infrastructure, and it will also be the key period for gallium nitride devices to replace LDMOS.

Atlas of the third generation semiconductor industry

X. MEMS chip

MEMS chip is the perception of a new generation of information technology

MEMS (Micro Electro Mechanical System) is an engineering technology that combines microelectronics and precision machinery. Its size is in the order of 1 micron to 100 microns, and it adopts the advanced manufacturing technology of integrated circuits. Compared with traditional products, MEMS has the advantages of miniaturization, high productivity, mass production and low cost.

MEMS technology is widely used in various sensor chips. Its core function is to convert physical signals into electrical signals that can be recognized by electronic devices. It is the perceptual basis and data source of the new generation of information technologies such as artificial intelligence, Internet of Things and big data. MEMS also has important applications in biology, optics, radio frequency, machinery and other fields.

The United States, Europe and Japan dominate the MEMS world, and the domestic MEMS industry is still in its infancy.

The layout of MEMS industrial chain in China is complete, but overall, the industry is still in the initial stage of development

The design and OEM links need to be strengthened. The OEM manufacturing is mainly based on 6-inch and 8-inch production lines, and the sealing and testing links have certain competitiveness.

There is a big gap between the products and foreign countries in terms of accuracy and sensitivity, and the application fields are moving from mobile phones and automobiles to VR/AR and Internet of Things.

Competition pattern of global MEMS market in 2018

XI. Semiconductor Equipment

Wafer manufacturing is the link with the largest proportion of equipment, with lithography, etching and thin film deposition accounting for the largest proportion, and industry giants are concentrated.

XII. Semiconductor materials

There are many market segments for wafer manufacturing and packaging materials, and the single market segment is small, and the industry giants are concentrated.

The market of semiconductor materials is more subdivided, the market space of single product is very small, and there are few pure semiconductor materials companies; Semiconductor materials are often only a small part of the business of some large material manufacturers, such as Dow Chemical Company, DuPont, Mitsubishi Chemical, Sumitomo Chemical, etc., and the semiconductor materials business is only a branch under its electronic materials business department; However, due to the strict requirements of semiconductor technology on materials, only a few suppliers can provide products for single semiconductor chemicals.

Silicon wafer giants are concentrated in Japan, South Korea, Germany and Taiwan, China; Only a few enterprises in Chinese mainland have the production capacity of 8-inch semiconductor wafers, while 12-inch semiconductor wafers mainly rely on imports.

The graphic system is reproduced on the Internet, and the copyright belongs to the original author. Does not represent Ben WeChat official account’s point of view. If copyright issues are involved, please contact us, and we will negotiate copyright issues or delete the content as soon as possible!

Original title: In-depth Report on Semiconductor Industry (Chip and Equipment Materials in Subdivision)

Lead: As an employee efficiency software for office workers, iFLYTEK heard that APP has a place in the list of efficiency apps all the year round. Although the accuracy and efficiency of recording to text are excellent, iFLYTEK has been "spitted" by users when he heard that there is no real-time recording to text function on the computer side. This year, iFLYTEK heard that the function of "iFLYTEK will take notes when he hears it" was finally launched on the computer side.

It is reported that the technical ability of iFLYTEK’s listening and taking notes comes from the large model product "Spark Big Model" released by Iflytek. Through the computer-based real-time recording and text-to-text function, it can help professionals, students and news to record and review the content quickly and efficiently in scenes such as meeting records, interviews and research, classroom notes and live learning. The manuscript with the "listening and writing" function can also be opened in the "iFLYTEK Listening and Writing" function for further word processing such as AI retouching.

As an application of computer web page, "iFLYTEK will take notes when hearing" has the function of real-time recording to text and full-text summary, aiming to help users record important information efficiently in meetings, lectures and other occasions. The real-time recording-to-text function allows users to convert the speaker’s voice into text in real time during meetings and courses, which is convenient for users to consult and organize. The full-text summary function can automatically generate a summary containing the key information of the meeting after the recording, which can help users review the meeting content quickly and improve the efficiency of work and study.

The product of "iFLYTEK Hearing and Remembering" has powerful AI big model ability, which can automatically summarize the transcribed results into a quick view of chapters, so that users can get the key information in large paragraphs without reading the whole text. Through the blessing of AI technology, this product can achieve efficient information extraction and presentation, bringing users a more convenient reading experience.

"iFLYTEK will take notes when listening" can summarize the transcribed results according to the speaker, so that users can quickly understand the key points of key speakers’ speeches without looking at the full text. This function is very suitable for professionals and secretarial work.

Note-taking intelligently locates the original text, "back in time"

The intelligent positioning function of "iFLYTEK will remember when he hears it" can realize "going back in time" in the meeting scene. This means that when users write notes in the recording, these notes can be automatically identified and matched to the corresponding recording location. When users can’t remember what happened at the same time when taking notes, they can quickly recall and trace back through the positioning form of recorded manuscripts.

The oral draft of the leader’s speech changes to the written draft every second, and the function of "text regulation" saves the working people.

One of the major criticisms of the transcription of conference recordings is that the content of the manuscript is lengthy, and the oral communication content is too much to read quickly when looking back. IFLYTEK’s "regular text" function can simplify the long oral expressions, repeated contents and colloquial words, and make the writing fluent and readable.

After using the "iFLYTEK Hearing and Recording" to record the manuscript, you can also open it in the "iFLYTEK Hearing and Writing" webpage. Users can ask AI to help you write a more comprehensive meeting minutes, speeches, activity plans, event agents, news releases, etc. based on the meeting minutes information through the form of AI dialogue and template writing, so as to "record one paragraph at a time" from the recording file.

In the function of "iFLYTEK will take notes when listening", the recorded transcription, AI abstract and the content after the text is normalized can all be translated in multiple languages. At present, the covered languages support 12 recording languages, 12 recording dialects and 6 translation languages. The recognition and translation of multilingual recordings can meet the diverse needs of people in different regions and languages.

At present, iFLYTEK has heard that the "meeting record" function of the website is limited and free, and it can be used after official website logs in in iFLYTEK.

01

　　Q: The taxpayer’s electronic tax bureau has opened a password account, but I forgot how to reset the password.

　　Answer: Please go to the login interface of the Electronic Taxation Bureau and click Enterprise Business Handling-Account Login. The account refers to the enterprise tax number. For the password, you can click "Open Password Account Application", fill in the information and submit the application. The tax authorities will send a password message to the legal representative.

The graphic guidelines are as follows

　　I. Login interface of electronic tax bureau-enterprise business processing-account login.

　　Second, the password can be clicked on "Open Password User Application".

　　Third, open the password account application page.

02

　　Q: Can I only go to the site to apply for a 10% increase in the previous application and need to correct the declaration?

　　A: You can do it online. Please click I want to pay taxes-tax declaration and payment-correct previous declarations (value-added tax, consumption tax, withholding of value-added tax and withholding of enterprise income tax) to make corrections.

The graphic guidelines are as follows

　　I want to pay taxes-declaration and payment of taxes and fees.

　　II. Tax declaration and payment-page for correcting previous declarations (VAT, consumption tax, VAT withholding, enterprise income tax withholding).

03

　　Q: How to delete the ticket winner?

　　Answer: Please click My Information-Taxpayer Information-Real Name Tax Identity Information Collection Interface, click Cancel Association behind the ticket buyer or click Invoice Use-Invoice Type Verification-Invoice Manager Maintenance (Add or Change), and delete the ticket buyer after entering.

The graphic guidelines are as follows

　　Method one

　　First, my information-taxpayer information.

　　2. Taxpayer information-real name tax identity information collection interface, click Cancel Association behind the ticket buyer.

　　Method 2

　　I want to pay taxes-use invoices.

　　II. Invoice Use-Invoice Type Verification-Invoice Handler Maintenance (addition or change).

　　Third, the invoice manager maintenance (new, change) page.