On March 25th, at the 33rd China Science Fiction Galaxy Award Ceremony, Science Fiction World and China Science Fiction Research Institute of Sichuan University jointly released the White Paper on China Science Fiction Network Literature (2022) (hereinafter referred to as the White Paper), which provided the latest development of domestic science fiction network literature from the aspects of content theme, creative ecology and IP.

　　Jiang Zhenyu, Doctor of Science Fiction Literature and Head of China Science Fiction Research Institute of Sichuan University.

　　The white paper points out that the post-90s and post-00s are rapidly pouring into the production and dissemination of sci-fi online literature in the activity field of the Internet, which is naturally labeled as "younger". At the same time, sci-fi online literature continues to export high-quality works, winning heavy awards in the industry, the IP-related industrial chain is becoming more and more perfect, the relatively stable business model and healthy and orderly community culture of sci-fi online literature are gradually taking shape, and sci-fi has become one of the most important categories of online literature, reflecting the high-quality development trend of online literature.

　　The number of sci-fi contracts increased first, and the quality of works was affirmed by the mainstream.

　　According to the data of the white paper, in 2022, qidian released 42,080 sci-fi online literature works, and the number of original sci-fi online literature works increased by 30%, ranking first in the growth of popular categories, and the scale was second only to the fantasy and urban categories as traditional online literature categories.

　　In terms of subject matter, the white paper points out that the theme of sci-fi websites is gradually deepening, and the authors are no longer satisfied with the simple application of sci-fi elements, and a series of new integrated writing directions have been born, such as evolutionary superpower, future world, interstellar civilization, super technology and other sub-categories, which meet the diverse reading expectations of readers.

　　In terms of quality, the white paper points out that sci-fi online literature is favored by traditional literary circles and sci-fi cultural circles, and more and more sci-fi online literature works have won heavy awards in the field of domestic sci-fi literature because of their innovation and interest. For example, In 2021, We Live in Nanjing, which ranked first in the best-selling list of starting point reading for a long time, won the highest honor of China science fiction "Yinhe Award".

　　It is worth mentioning that in this year’s Yinhe Award, a total of 13 online works were shortlisted and finally won four awards. The number of online works shortlisted and the number of awards reached a record high. Among them, Yuan Tong, a platinum writer of reading literature, won the best sci-fi online novel, Tian Rui, a great god writer after 1995, won the best original book, and Elbow Naming of the Night, which sold Xiao Langjun’s "Lingjing Traveler", won the most adaptation potential award. The four winning works were serialized in the starting point reading App, which is also the sixth consecutive China for online literature works under the Reading Group.

　　After more than 70% of the authors are 00, readers are more willing to pay.

　　In terms of the author’s ecology, the white paper shows that in 2022, there were more than 42,000 starting writers who created sci-fi online literature. Among them, 72% of the writers who chose sci-fi themes for the first time were after 00, and about 70% of the sci-fi category contracted writers were undergraduate students and above; Guangdong, Jiangsu and other economically developed coastal areas, as well as Sichuan, a sci-fi town in China, are still the provinces with the largest distribution of new writers. In recent years, the number of sci-fi net writers has exploded, and the trend of younger and higher education is obvious.

　　In terms of readers’ ecology, the white paper points out that sci-fi online texts are becoming the most popular category for readers. Taking the starting point as an example, since 2021, nearly half of the readers have been catching up with sci-fi themes every month. In 2022, the number of sci-fi category readers increased by 39.73% compared with last year, ranking first in the growth of readers in all categories of starting points. At the same time, in 2022, nearly 70% of science fiction readers are under the age of 30, about 40% have bachelor degree or above, and about 30% are distributed in economically developed coastal areas such as Guangdong, Jiangsu and Zhejiang. These readers with strong spending power also have a stronger willingness to pay. In 2022, the number of paying users in the starting science fiction category increased by nearly 118% compared with last year, and the conversion rate of paid reading was as high as 25%, all of which were the first in the starting category.

　　Sci-fi web IP has been adapted into animation and audio drama in batches.

　　In terms of IP development of sci-fi websites, the white paper data shows that by the end of 2022, the IP adaptation rate of sci-fi online literature works shortlisted for this "Yinhe Award" was nearly 50%. Many popular sci-fi websites have been adapted into audio dramas, animations and film and television dramas. For example, the adapted cartoons represented by Forty Thousand Years of Star Field and Sword of Dawn, and the adapted cartoons represented by Nomenclature of Night, First Sequence, No Voice of Titan, and Starry Coming have all been online and gained favorable comments from the mass market. On the Himalayan platform, the number of audio dramas of Nomenclature of Night exceeded 1.1 billion, and the number of audio dramas of Lingjing Walker exceeded 400 million.

　　In terms of exporting overseas, the white paper points out that a batch of classic domestic sci-fi online literature appeared on the international platform and spread the story of China, which became the "trendsetter" in the wave of China culture going out to sea. In 2022, a number of China sci-fi online literature works, represented by The Age of the Earth and The First Sequence, were included in the Chinese collection of the British Library for the first time. Sci-fi online literature such as Super God Gene and Super God Machinist were also selected into the "Overseas Communication List" of China’s online literature influence list in 2021 and 2020 sponsored by the Chinese Writers Association. With excellent creative quality and distinctive aesthetic personality, they were "in North America and Southeast Asia".

　　In the Research Report on the Development of Network Literature in China in 2021 issued by China Academy of Social Sciences, it is mentioned that science fiction has become one of the five categories of network literature. This white paper holds that since the implementation of the 14th Five-Year Plan, with the guidance and support of the state, society and platforms, China’s online literature has formed a diversified content pattern, which plays an increasingly important role in writing "China story, China experience and China imagination". As the most important category of online literature at present, sci-fi online literature shows the infinite possibility of future narration of "Chinese modernization story".

　　According to the annual express-preliminary statistics, the communique on the national economic and social development of the city in 2009 is as follows:

　　In 2009, under the correct leadership of the Municipal Party Committee and the Municipal Government, the people of the whole city adhered to the guidance of Scientific Outlook on Development, conscientiously implemented various national policies and measures to expand domestic demand, ensure growth and benefit people’s livelihood, and made every effort to cope with the unprecedented major difficulties brought about by the financial crisis. Project construction and investment attraction entered a new situation, the city’s economic structure was rapidly adjusted, people’s living standards continued to improve, and various social undertakings and ecological environment further developed in harmony.

　　I. Economic aggregate

　　According to preliminary accounting, the annual regional GDP was 68.53 billion yuan, calculated at comparable prices, an increase of 10% over the previous year. Among them, the added value of the primary industry was 7.38 billion yuan, an increase of 7.6%; The added value of the secondary industry was 47.15 billion yuan, up 7.1%, of which the industrial added value was 43.27 billion yuan, up 5.5%. The added value of the tertiary industry was 14 billion yuan, an increase of 21.5%. The three industries boosted economic growth by 0.8, 5.0 and 4.2 percentage points respectively. The added value of the three industries accounts for 10.8%, 68.8% and 20.4% of the regional GDP respectively. The annual per capita GDP was 51,701 yuan, calculated at comparable prices, an increase of 8.8% over the previous year.

Figure 1 Regional GDP and its growth rate from 2005 to 2009

　　Second, the agricultural industry

　　The added value of agriculture, forestry, animal husbandry and fishery was 7.38 billion yuan, an increase of 7.6% over the previous year. Among them, the added value of planting was 3.56 billion yuan, an increase of 3.6%; The added value of forestry was 0.2 billion yuan, up by 5.9%; The added value of animal husbandry was 900 million yuan, an increase of 24.7%; The added value of fishery was 2.78 billion yuan, an increase of 9.8%; The added value of agriculture, forestry, animal husbandry and fishery services was 120 million yuan, an increase of 4.6%.

　　The total sown area of crops in the city was 142.3 thousand hectares, an increase of 0.78% over the previous year. Among them, the sown area of grain crops was 127.6 thousand hectares, an increase of 1.2%. Among food crops, the sown area of rice was 108.5 thousand hectares, an increase of 0.8%; The sown area of corn was 14.2 thousand hectares, an increase of 4.6%. Among non-food crops, the area of vegetables was 13.6 thousand hectares, an increase of 0.9%. The amount of chemical fertilizer used in the city (in pure terms) was 47,000 tons, which was the same as that of the previous year.

　　The annual grain output was 1.145 million tons, an increase of 0.9 million tons or 0.8% over the previous year. Among them, the rice output was 1.049 million tons, an increase of 2.5%. The output of corn was 79,000 tons, down by 15.8%. The output of vegetables was 1.103 million tons, an increase of 7.3%. The fruit output was 13,000 tons, an increase of 8.3%.

　　The total output of meat in the whole year was 137,000 tons, an increase of 37.2% over the previous year. Among them, the output of pork was 67,000 tons, an increase of 17.7%; The output of beef was 3,500 tons, an increase of 34.6%; The output of poultry meat was 65,000 tons, an increase of 66.2%. The milk output was 21,000 tons, down 8.7% from the previous year. The output of eggs was 69,000 tons, an increase of 47.7%. The annual output of aquatic products was 336,000 tons, an increase of 13.6% over the previous year. Among them, the aquaculture output of freshwater products was 180,000 tons, an increase of 36.8%; The fishing output of freshwater products was 13,000 tons, an increase of 8.3%; Marine fishing was 53,000 tons, down by 11%; Mariculture reached 91,000 tons, down by 8.0%.

　　The area of artificial afforestation was 1,666 hectares. The output of seedlings was 3.87 million.

　　At the end of the year, the total power of agricultural machinery (excluding fishing boats) was 679,000 kilowatts, an increase of 4.6% over the previous year.

Figure 2 Grain output and its growth rate in 2005-2009

　　Third, the industry

　　The total industrial added value of the whole year was 43.27 billion yuan, an increase of 5.5% over the previous year. The added value of industrial enterprises above designated size (industrial enterprises with annual product sales income of 5 million yuan or above, the same below) was 40.89 billion yuan, an increase of 4.8% over the previous year at comparable prices. In industries above designated size, according to economic types, the added value of state-owned and state-holding enterprises was 23.87 billion yuan, down by 12.0%; The added value of collective enterprises was 76 million yuan, up by 17.8%, that of joint-stock cooperative enterprises was 239 million yuan, up by 74.6%, that of joint-stock enterprises was 31.168 billion yuan, up by 2.9%, that of private enterprises was 9.99 billion yuan, up by 65.0%, and that of foreign-invested enterprises and enterprises from Hong Kong, Macao and Taiwan was 862 million yuan, up by 22.8%. According to light and heavy industries, the added value of light industry was 2.709 billion yuan, an increase of 38.7% over the previous year; The added value of heavy industry was 38.182 billion yuan, an increase of 3.4%. Industrial export delivery value was 1.979 billion yuan, up 27.2% over the previous year, accounting for 1.6% of the sales value of industrial enterprises above designated size in the city.

　　Among the industries above designated size in the whole year, the added value of oil and gas exploration industry was 19.314 billion yuan, down by 13.9%; The added value of petroleum processing and coking industry was 7.459 billion yuan, an increase of 19.6%; The added value of chemical raw materials and chemical products manufacturing industry was 3.55 billion yuan, an increase of 48.7%. Among the main products, the output of natural crude oil was 10 million tons, down by 16.6%; Natural gas output was 810 million cubic meters, down by 7.0%; The processing volume of crude oil was 6,709,600 tons, an increase of 1.7%.

　　In the whole year, the added value of the six industrial clusters reached 19.522 billion yuan, an increase of 36.1% over the previous year, accounting for 47.7% of the added value of industrial enterprises above designated size. Among them, the added value of agricultural products processing industry was 1.889 billion yuan, an increase of 41.9%; The added value of petrochemical and fine chemical industries was 11.224 billion yuan, an increase of 27.6%; The added value of plastic processing and supporting industries was 688 million yuan, an increase of 76.5%; The added value of asphalt and waterproofing membrane industry was 8.395 billion yuan, an increase of 22.4%; The added value of petroleum equipment manufacturing industry was 3.641 billion yuan, up 64.0%, and the added value of shipbuilding and supporting industries was 1.144 billion yuan, up 25.7%.

　　The annual sales rate of industrial enterprises above designated size was 99.1%. According to the light and heavy industries, the light industry was 97.4%, an increase of 0.3 percentage points over the previous year; Heavy industry accounted for 99.3%, an increase of 0.9 percentage points. According to economic types, the production and sales rate of state-owned enterprises is 98.8%; The production and sales rate of collective enterprises is 94.3%; The production and sales rate of joint-stock cooperative enterprises is 93.8%; The production and sales rate of joint-stock enterprises is 99.7%; The production and sales rate of foreign-invested enterprises in Hong Kong, Macao and Taiwan is 96.6%.

Table 1 Output and growth rate of major industrial products in 2009

　　The main business income of industrial enterprises above designated size was 121.27 billion yuan, an increase of 3.6% over the previous year; Profits and taxes reached 7.39 billion yuan, a decrease of 7.98 billion yuan; Realized a profit of-258 million yuan, a decrease of 9.37 billion yuan; The loss of loss-making enterprises was 3.07 billion yuan, an increase of 167.0%.

　　Four, construction, real estate and urban construction

　　The added value of the construction industry in the whole society was 3.88 billion yuan, calculated at comparable prices, up by 29.9% over the previous year. General contracting and professional contracting construction enterprises with qualification grade in the city have completed a total construction output value of 15.91 billion yuan, a completed output value of 8.13 billion yuan, a housing construction area of 2.279 million square meters, and a total labor productivity of 216,000 yuan per person, an increase of 10.4%.

　　The annual investment in real estate development was 5.73 billion yuan, an increase of 40.8% over the previous year. Among them, the investment in commercial housing was 4.75 billion yuan, an increase of 57.8%; Investment in commercial premises was 740 million yuan, an increase of 68.2%. The annual construction area of commercial housing was 2.986 million square meters, an increase of 18.6% over the previous year; The completed area was 1.495 million square meters, an increase of 43.3%; The sales area was 1.539 million square meters, up 55.4%, of which the sales area of existing houses was 702,000 square meters, up 28.8%; Commercial housing sales reached 5.05 billion yuan, up 70% over the previous year, of which residential sales reached 4.7 billion yuan, accounting for 93.1%, and existing home sales reached 2.38 billion yuan, up 35.2%. At the end of the year, the vacant area of commercial housing was 41,000 square meters, down 58.6% from the end of the previous year.

　　Urban water penetration rate is 100%; The gas supply penetration rate is 100%; The per capita road area in the city increased from 11.23 square meters in the previous year to 12.28 square meters; The per capita park green area is 6.63 square meters; The green coverage rate of the built-up area increased from 38.7% in the previous year to 39.0%; The sewage treatment rate (centralized treatment rate of sewage treatment plants) increased from 53.6% in the previous year to 61.4%; The harmless treatment rate of domestic garbage is 91.3%.

　　V. Investment in fixed assets

　　In the whole year, the investment in fixed assets of the whole society was 54.30 billion yuan, an increase of 50.3% over the previous year. Among them, urban investment was 47.49 billion yuan, an increase of 44.5%; Rural investment was 6.81 billion yuan, an increase of 78%. Fixed assets increased by 26.28 billion yuan, an increase of 25.6% over the previous year. Investment in the primary industry was 2.86 billion yuan, an increase of 207.5%; Investment in the secondary industry was 33.60 billion yuan, up by 25.9%, of which industrial investment was 30.08 billion yuan, up by 15.8%. Among industrial investment, manufacturing investment was 22.07 billion yuan, and tertiary industry investment was 17.84 billion yuan, up by 96.5%.

　　In the whole year, the investment of six industrial clusters was 19.74 billion yuan, up by 17.4% over the previous year, accounting for 47.3% of the total investment. Among them, the agricultural product processing industry was 980 million yuan, an increase of 15.2%; The petrochemical and fine chemical industries reached 14.47 billion yuan, an increase of 23.5%; Plastic processing and supporting industries reached 610 million yuan, an increase of 301.5%; The asphalt and waterproofing membrane industry was 6.64 billion yuan, an increase of 16%; The petroleum equipment manufacturing industry was 2.07 billion yuan, up by 42.1%, and the shipbuilding and supporting industry was 890 million yuan, down by 61.9%.

　　Among urban fixed assets investment, state-owned and state-controlled investment was 24.61 billion yuan, up 5.0% over the previous year. Non-state-owned economy invested 22.88 billion yuan, up 144.7% over the previous year, accounting for 48.2% of urban fixed assets investment.

　　The annual investment in the production and supply of electricity, gas and water was 310 million yuan, an increase of 24.0% over the previous year. The investment in transportation, warehousing and postal services was 3.66 billion yuan, an increase of 133.1%; The investment in water conservancy, environment and public facilities management was 6.31 billion yuan, an increase of 135.4%.

　　Seven characteristic parks in the city have completed an investment of 19.68 billion yuan, an increase of 220.9% over the previous year. The infrastructure investment in the park is 4.80 billion yuan.

　　The city plans to invest 509 key projects with a total investment of more than 5 million yuan, with an investment of 42.7 billion yuan; There are 55 construction projects with an investment of over 100 million yuan, with an investment of 32.02 billion yuan. Four 100 key projects listed in the province have completed an investment of 10.48 billion yuan.

Table 2 Urban Fixed Assets Investment by Industry and Its Growth Rate in 2009

Figure 3 Investment in fixed assets and its growth rate from 2005 to 2009

　　VI. Domestic trade

　　The added value of wholesale and retail industry in the whole year was 2.59 billion yuan, calculated at comparable prices, an increase of 16.7% over the previous year; The added value of accommodation and catering industry was 1.08 billion yuan, calculated at comparable prices, up by 12.6% over the previous year.

　　The total retail sales of consumer goods in the whole year was 15.69 billion yuan, an increase of 18.4% over the previous year. According to urban and rural areas, the retail sales of urban consumer goods was 12.03 billion yuan, an increase of 19.3%; The retail sales of consumer goods at or below the county level reached 3.66 billion yuan, up by 15.1%. By industry, the retail sales of wholesale industry was 1.79 billion yuan, an increase of 10.4%; Retail sales reached 11.08 billion yuan, an increase of 19.7%; The retail sales of accommodation and catering industry was 2.59 billion yuan, an increase of 18.8%; Retail sales of other industries reached 230 million yuan, up by 14.0%.

　　The retail sales of commodities of wholesale and retail trading enterprises above designated size reached 4.98 billion yuan, an increase of 23.2%. Among them, the retail sales of food, beverages, tobacco and alcohol products was 450 million yuan, an increase of 4.0%; The retail sales of clothing, shoes, hats and knitted textiles reached 1.04 billion yuan, up by 22.8%. The retail sales of household appliances and audio-visual equipment was 610 million yuan, an increase of 30.1%; The retail sales of petroleum and products reached 630 million yuan, an increase of 23.5%; The retail sales of automobiles reached 920 million yuan, an increase of 28.1%.

　　Figure 4 Total retail sales of social consumer goods and its growth rate from 2005 to 2009

　　VII. Foreign Economy

　　The total import and export volume for the year was 375 million US dollars, up by 2.6%. Among them, the total export value was US$ 292 million, up by 12.8%; The total import value was US$ 83 million, down by 22.3%. Among the total exports, general trade exports were 173 million US dollars, an increase of 3.5%; Processing trade exports reached US$ 0.3 billion, down by 53.3%. State-owned enterprises exported $110 million, an increase of 26.3%; Foreign-invested enterprises exported US$ 0.2 billion, down by 34.6%; Private enterprises exported $130 million, down 5.3%. The export of mechanical and electrical products was US$ 120 million, up by 33.0%; The export of high-tech products reached US$ 100 million, up by 11.8%.

　　At the end of the year, there were 127 foreign trade countries (regions) in the city. The top five major trading partners are Iran, South Korea, the United States, India and Germany. The annual export to Iran was 43.43 million US dollars, a 60-fold increase; South Korea exported US$ 27.3 million, down 38.7%; US exports reached US$ 25.69 million, an increase of 250.9%; India exported 15.5 million US dollars, down 76.8%; Germany exported US$ 11.27 million, up by 192.9%.

Table 3 Total import and export volume and its growth rate in 2009

Figure 5 Total import and export volume and its growth rate from 2005 to 2009

　　In 2001, 28 foreign direct investment contract projects were newly signed, with a contractual foreign investment of US$ 718.69 million. The number of contracted projects increased by 10 projects over the previous year, and the contractual foreign investment increased by 222%. Among the newly signed foreign direct investment projects, there are 23 projects with contracted foreign investment of US$ 1 million or more, including 21 projects with US$ 5 million or more. The actually utilized foreign direct investment was US$ 301.78 million, up 2.6 times over the previous year, of which US$ 288.13 million was invested in extractive industry, real estate industry, other electronic equipment manufacturing industry, other energy and power generation industry and professional technical service industry.

　　2 new contracted projects for foreign contracted projects and labor service cooperation; The new contract amount is 9.08 million US dollars. Completed a turnover of 9.33 million US dollars. In the whole year, 1,882 laborers were sent abroad, an increase of 18.4%. At the end of the year, there were 1,100 foreign laborers in the city, an increase of 13.4% over the end of last year.

　　Eight, transportation, post and telecommunications and tourism

　　The added value of transportation, warehousing and postal services in the whole year was 970 million yuan, an increase of 4.5% over the previous year at comparable prices.

　　In the whole year, the cargo turnover of various modes of transportation (excluding railways) was 5.837 billion tons-kilometers, an increase of 9.1% over the previous year. The freight volume was 55.67 million tons, an increase of 27.8%. Passenger turnover was 1.368 billion person-kilometers, an increase of 4.6%. Passenger traffic was 29.51 million, up by 4.3%. The annual port cargo throughput was 2.4303 million tons, an increase of 19.4%.

　　The total postal and telecommunications business in the year was 3.232 billion yuan, an increase of 43.1% over the previous year. Among them, the total postal business was 204 million yuan, an increase of 30.9%. In the postal service, there were 2.007 million letters in the whole year, down by 18.4%; 265,000 pieces of express mail. The total telecommunications business was 3.029 billion yuan, an increase of 44.03%. At the end of the year, there were 475,300 fixed-line telephone users in the city, including 331,200 in urban areas and 144,100 in rural areas. At the end of the year, there were 1,122,700 mobile phone users. At the end of the year, the city’s fixed telephone penetration rate was 36.7 units per 100 people. At the end of the year, there were 206,700 Internet users.

　　At the end of the year, there were 14 star-rated hotels in the city. 42 travel agencies. In the whole year, it received 12.815 million domestic and foreign tourists, an increase of 29.7% over the previous year. Among them, 12.7 million domestic tourists were received, an increase of 29.6%; Received 115,000 inbound tourists, an increase of 40.1%. The total tourism revenue for the whole year was 10.57 billion yuan, an increase of 34.3% over the previous year. Among them, domestic tourism revenue was 10.2 billion yuan, an increase of 34.2%; Tourism foreign exchange income was 54.86 million US dollars, up by 43.3%.

　　Nine, the price of goods

　　The annual consumer price of urban residents decreased by 1.2% compared with the previous year. Don’t look at the classification, the price of food rose by 2.0%; The price of tobacco, alcohol and supplies decreased by 0.6%; The price of household equipment and maintenance services decreased by 2.9%; The price of medical care and personal goods decreased by 0.1%; The price of clothing decreased by 8.6%; The price of transportation and communication decreased by 1.4%; The price of entertainment, education, cultural goods and services decreased by 1.5%; Housing prices fell by 2.5%. Among them, the price of service items decreased by 0.1%. The retail price of commodities dropped by 2.4%. The ex-factory price of industrial products decreased by 11.6% over the previous year. The purchase prices of raw materials, fuel and power decreased by 6.9% over the previous year.

　　X. Financial Insurance

　　At the end of the year, the balance of local and foreign currency deposits of all financial institutions was 73.27 billion yuan, an increase of 22.2% over the beginning of the year; The balance of local and foreign currency loans of all financial institutions was 36.72 billion yuan, an increase of 51.5%. At the end of the year, the balance of RMB loans of rural credit cooperatives was 3.35 billion yuan, an increase of 910 million yuan over the beginning of the year.

　　The balance of personal consumption loans in RMB of all financial institutions was 1.37 billion yuan, an increase of 460 million yuan over the beginning of the year, of which personal housing loans were 700 million yuan, an increase of 100 million yuan over the beginning of the year. The annual cash income of financial institutions was 164.28 billion yuan, an increase of 4.1% over the beginning of the year; Cash expenditure was 151.6 billion yuan, an increase of 4.6%; Accumulated net cash investment was 5.32 billion yuan.

　　Table 4 Local and foreign currency deposits and loans of all financial institutions and their growth rate in 2009

　　Figure 6 Balance of RMB savings deposits of residents and its growth rate from 2005 to 2009

?　　The annual premium income of insurance companies was 2.03 billion yuan, an increase of 5.3% over the previous year. Among them, the premium income of life insurance business was 1.54 billion yuan, and that of property insurance business was 490 million yuan. Pay all kinds of reparations and pay 660 million yuan. Among them, life insurance paid 350 million yuan and property insurance paid 310 million yuan.

　　XI. Finance and Taxation

　　The annual tax revenue was 11.60 billion yuan, up by 8.5% over the previous year. The general budget revenue of local finance was 4.34 billion yuan, an increase of 24.4% over the previous year. The general budget expenditure of local finance was 8.3 billion yuan, an increase of 42.4% over the previous year. Among them, education expenditure was 1.12 billion yuan, an increase of 40.9%; Expenditure on science and technology was 78 million yuan, an increase of 78%; Expenditure on social security and employment was 1.35 billion yuan, an increase of 31.2%; Expenditure on environmental protection was 150 million yuan, an increase of 99%; Expenditure on agriculture, forestry and water affairs was 980 million yuan, an increase of 60.9%.

　　Table 5 General Budget Revenue and Expenditure of Local Finance and Its Growth Rate in 2009

　　Figure 7 Various taxes and their growth rate in 2005-2009

　　Figure 8 General budget revenue of local finance and its growth rate from 2005 to 2009

　　Figure 9 General budget expenditure of local finance and its growth rate from 2005 to 2009

　　XII. Education, Science and Technology

　　General higher education enrolled 1,638 students, 5,205 students and 1,511 graduates. All kinds of secondary vocational education enrolled 5388 students, 14210 students and 5156 graduates. There are 10,144 ordinary high schools in the city, including 28,048 students and 8,285 graduates. There are 15,048 junior high school students in the city, including 49,633 students and 15,307 graduates. Ordinary primary schools enrolled 11,494 students, 75,564 students and 14,594 graduates. There are 12 special education students, 103 students and 12 graduates. There are 30866 children in kindergarten. The enrollment rate of primary school students in the city to junior high school is 100%; The enrollment rate of junior high school graduates is 92.5% in rural areas and 98.5% in urban areas.

　　Figure 10 Number of students enrolled in various types of education from 2005 to 2009

　　In the whole year, the city invested 28 million yuan in science and technology, an increase of 19.1% over the previous year. Four high-tech enterprises above the provincial level were identified. A total of 53 scientific and technological achievements were made in the whole year. In the whole year, 912 domestic and foreign patent applications were accepted, and 188 patents were authorized. In the whole year, 520 technical contracts were signed, with a turnover of 500 million yuan, up 19% year-on-year. In the whole year, industrial enterprises above designated size realized the added value of high-tech products of 12.04 billion yuan, an increase of 33.5% over the previous year.

　　XIII. Culture, Health and Sports

　　At the end of the year, there were 3 performing arts groups, 5 public libraries, 6 mass art galleries and cultural centers, 47 cultural stations (including cultural centers) and 5 archives in the city. There is one radio station and one TV station above the municipal level, and there are 236,800 cable TV users in the city. At the end of the year, the library had 452.7 thousand books. The comprehensive population coverage rate of radio and television is 100%.
There are 602 health institutions in the city, with 6,428 beds and 7,860 health technicians. The total value of equipment over 10,000 yuan is 159,200 yuan. All counties and districts in the city have launched the new rural cooperative medical system, and the participation rate accounts for 100% of the permanent agricultural population.

　　Competitive sports have made great achievements again. Throughout the year, the city’s sports athletes won 10 gold medals in major domestic events. The annual sales of sports lottery tickets was 89.19 million yuan.

　　XIV. Population, People’s Life and Social Security

　　At the end of the year, the total number of households in the city was 466,600, and the total registered population was 1.3 million, an increase of 8,500 over the end of last year. The annual birth population was 9,333, with a birth rate of 6.91 ‰; 4822 people died, with a mortality rate of 3.57 ‰; The natural growth rate is 3.34 ‰; The planned fertility rate is 99.54%.

　　Table 6 Number and composition of registered population in 2009

　　The annual per capita disposable income of urban residents was 18,563 yuan, an increase of 8.9% over the previous year; The per capita consumption expenditure of urban households was 13,486 yuan, an increase of 6.8% over the previous year, and the Engel coefficient was 31.45%. The annual per capita net income of rural residents was 8,479 yuan, an increase of 10.1% over the previous year; The per capita consumption expenditure of rural households was 4,604.4 yuan, an increase of 3.0% over the previous year, and the Engel coefficient of rural households was 43.8%.

Figure 11 Per capita disposable income of urban residents and its growth rate from 2005 to 2009

Figure 12 Per capita net income of farmers and its growth rate from 2005 to 2009

　　At the end of the year, there were 496,000 employees in urban units and 267,000 private individual employees. Among them, there are 206,700 urban private individual employees. In the whole year, 60,000 people were newly employed in real-name registration system, and the trend of zero-employment families remained zero. At the end of the year, the registered unemployment rate in cities and towns was 2.75%.

　　At the end of the year, there were 507,000 people participating in the basic old-age insurance in the city, including 352,000 employees and 154,000 retirees. The number of people participating in basic medical insurance in the city is 583,000. The number of people participating in unemployment insurance in the city is 254,000. The number of people participating in industrial injury insurance in the city is 216,000. The number of people participating in maternity insurance in the city is 89,000. The number of people receiving unemployment insurance benefits in the city is 1,424, with 24,311 urban residents and 21,274 rural residents receiving the minimum living guarantee from the government.

　　At the end of the year, there were 5 urban welfare homes in the city, with 654 beds and 408 adoptions; There are 27 rural collective nursing homes in the city, with 2386 beds and 1661 adoptions. In the whole year, 190 million yuan of social welfare lottery tickets were sold, an increase of 12 million yuan and a decrease of 6.74%. At the end of the year, there were 45,585 people enjoying the minimum living allowance in the city, an increase of 1,559 people, or 3.5%. Among them, there were 24,311 urban residents, a decrease of 132; There were 21,274 rural residents, an increase of 1,691. A total of 70,075,200 yuan of minimum living allowance was paid, an increase of 7,505,200 yuan or 12%.

　　XV. Resources, Environment and Safety in Production

　　The water quality of drinking water sources in the city is good, and the water quality compliance rate of drinking water sources is 100%.

　　The average equivalent sound level of urban road traffic noise in the city is 67.6 decibels, which is lower than the national regional standard of 2.4 decibels on both sides of traffic trunk lines. The total noise compliance rate of functional areas in the city is 95.3% in the day and 93.4% in the night.

　　The city’s ambient air quality has reached the national second-class standard, and the number of days reaching the standard accounts for 95.07% of the whole year. There is one national nature reserve in the city, with an area of 128,000 hectares, accounting for 33.3% of the area under its jurisdiction.

　　At the end of the year, the daily treatment capacity of urban sewage treatment plants reached 100,000 cubic meters, and the centralized treatment rate of sewage treatment plants reached 61.63%. The central heating area is 22.6 million square meters. The green coverage rate of the built-up area reached 39%.

　　There were 351 road traffic accidents in the whole year, with 140 people killed and 376 injured, resulting in direct economic losses equivalent to RMB 1.453 million.

　　There were 178 fires in the whole year, with zero casualties and a direct economic loss of 862,000 yuan.

　　151 people died in industrial and mining enterprises, road traffic, fire accidents and railway traffic. The death rate of production safety accidents in GDP is 0.218 people/100 million yuan. The mortality rate of employees in industrial, mining and commercial enterprises is 2.5/100,000.

Xinhua News Agency, Beijing, October 17th

People’s Republic of China (PRC) Export Control Act
(Adopted at the 22nd meeting of the 13th the NPC Standing Committee on October 17th, 2020)

catalogue

Chapter I General Provisions

Chapter II Control Policies, Control Lists and Control Measures

Section 1 General Provisions

Section 2 Export Management of Dual-Use Items

Section III Military Export Management

Chapter III Supervision and Administration

Chapter IV Legal Liability

Chapter V Supplementary Provisions

Chapter I General Provisions

Article 1 This Law is formulated in order to safeguard national security and interests, fulfill international obligations such as non-proliferation, and strengthen and standardize export control.

Article 2 This Law is applicable to the export control of dual-use items, military products, nuclear materials and other goods, technologies, services and other items related to safeguarding national security and interests and fulfilling international obligations such as non-proliferation (hereinafter referred to as controlled items).

The controlled items mentioned in the preceding paragraph include technical data related to the items.

The export control referred to in this Law refers to the prohibition or restrictive measures taken by the state against the transfer of controlled items from People’s Republic of China (PRC) to overseas and the provision of controlled items by citizens, legal persons and unincorporated organizations of People’s Republic of China (PRC) to foreign organizations and individuals.

Dual-use items referred to in this Law refer to goods, technologies and services that have both civil and military uses or help to enhance military potential, especially those that can be used to design, develop, produce or use weapons of mass destruction and their means of delivery.

Military products mentioned in this Law refer to equipment, special production equipment and other related goods, technologies and services used for military purposes.

The term "nuclear" as mentioned in this Law refers to nuclear materials, nuclear equipment, non-nuclear materials for reactors and related technologies and services.

Article 3 Export control should adhere to the overall national security concept, safeguard international peace, make overall plans for security and development, and improve export control management and services.

Article 4 The State implements a unified export control system, and manages it by making control lists, catalogues or catalogues (hereinafter referred to as control lists) and implementing export licenses.

Article 5 The export control departments in the State Council and the Central Military Commission (CMC) (hereinafter referred to as the State Administration of Export Control) shall be responsible for export control according to the division of responsibilities. Other relevant departments in the State Council and the Central Military Commission (CMC) are responsible for export control according to the division of responsibilities.

The state establishes a coordination mechanism for export control work to coordinate major issues in export control work. The State Administration of Export Control and relevant departments of the State Council should cooperate closely to strengthen information sharing.

The State Administration of Export Control shall, jointly with relevant departments, establish an expert consultation mechanism on export control to provide advice on export control.

The State Administration of Export Control shall timely issue export control guidelines for relevant industries to guide export operators to establish and improve the internal compliance system of export control and standardize their operations.

The relevant departments of the people’s governments of provinces, autonomous regions and municipalities directly under the Central Government shall be responsible for export control in accordance with the provisions of laws and administrative regulations.

Article 6 The State shall strengthen international cooperation in export control and participate in the formulation of relevant international rules on export control.

Article 7 Export operators may establish and join relevant trade self-regulatory organizations such as chambers of commerce and associations according to law.

Relevant chambers of commerce, associations and other industry self-regulatory organizations shall abide by laws and administrative regulations, provide services related to export control to their members in accordance with their articles of association, and play a coordinating and self-regulatory role.

Chapter II Control Policies, Control Lists and Control Measures

Section 1 General Provisions

Article 8 The State Administration of Export Control shall, jointly with relevant departments, formulate export control policies, among which major policies shall be submitted to the State Council for approval or to the State Council and the Central Military Commission (CMC) for approval.

The state export control administrative department can evaluate the export destination countries and regions of controlled items, determine the risk level and take corresponding control measures.

Article 9 The state export control administrative department shall, in accordance with this Law, relevant laws and administrative regulations, formulate and adjust the export control list of controlled items in conjunction with relevant departments in accordance with the export control policies and in accordance with the prescribed procedures, and publish it in a timely manner.

According to the needs of safeguarding national security and interests and fulfilling international obligations such as non-proliferation, with the approval of the State Council, or with the approval of the State Council and the Central Military Commission (CMC), the State Administration of Export Control may temporarily control the goods, technologies and services that are not on the export control list and make an announcement. The implementation period of temporary control shall not exceed two years. Before the expiration of the implementation period of temporary control, an evaluation should be made in time, and according to the evaluation results, it is decided to cancel the temporary control, extend the temporary control or include the items under temporary control in the export control list.

Article 10 According to the needs of safeguarding national security and interests and fulfilling international obligations such as non-proliferation, with the approval of the State Council or the State Council and the Central Military Commission (CMC), the State Administration of Export Control, together with relevant departments, may prohibit the export of related controlled items, or prohibit the export of related controlled items to specific destination countries and regions, specific organizations and individuals.

Article 11 Export operators engaged in the export of controlled items shall abide by the provisions of this Law and relevant laws and administrative regulations; If it is necessary to obtain the export business qualification of related controlled items according to law, it shall obtain the corresponding qualification.

Article 12 The State implements a licensing system for the export of controlled items.

For the controlled items or temporary controlled items listed in the export control list, the export business operator shall apply to the state export control administration department for permission.

Where the export business operator knows or should know the controlled items listed in the export control list and the goods, technologies and services other than the temporary controlled items, or is informed by the state export control administration department that the related goods, technologies and services may have the following risks, it shall apply to the state export control administration department for permission:

(1) Endangering national security and interests;

(2) being used for designing, developing, producing or using weapons of mass destruction and their means of delivery;

(3) being used for terrorist purposes.

If an exporter is unable to determine whether the goods, technologies and services to be exported belong to the controlled items specified in this Law, and asks the State Administration of Export Control for advice, the State Administration of Export Control shall give a timely reply.

Article 13 The State Administration of Export Control shall comprehensively consider the following factors, examine the application of export controlled items by export operators, and make a decision on approval or disapproval:

(1) National security and interests;

(2) International obligations and foreign commitments;

(3) Export type;

(4) Sensitivity of controlled items;

(5) Countries or regions of export destination;

(6) End users and end uses;

(seven) the relevant credit records of the export operators;

(8) Other factors stipulated by laws and administrative regulations.

Article 14 If an export operator has established an internal compliance system for export control, and the system is in good operation, the state export control administrative department may grant general permission and other convenient measures to its export-related controlled items. The specific measures shall be formulated by the state export control administration department.

Article 15 An exporter shall submit to the state export control administration the certificates of the end-user and end-use of the controlled items, and the relevant certificates shall be issued by the end-user or the government agency of the country and region where the end-user is located.

Article 16 The end users of controlled items shall promise not to change the end use of related controlled items or transfer them to any third party without the permission of the state export control administration department.

If an exporter or importer finds that the end user or end use may change, he shall immediately report to the state export control administration department in accordance with the regulations.

Article 17 The state export control administrative department shall establish a risk management system for end users and end uses of controlled items, evaluate and verify the end users and end uses of controlled items, and strengthen the management of end users and end uses.

Article 18 The state export control administrative department shall establish a control list for importers and end users under any of the following circumstances:

(a) in violation of the requirements of the end user or end use management;

(two) may endanger national security and interests;

(3) using controlled items for terrorist purposes.

For importers and end users listed in the control list, the state export control administrative department may take necessary measures such as prohibiting or restricting the trading of related controlled items and ordering them to suspend the export of related controlled items.

Export operators shall not violate the regulations and conduct transactions with importers and end users listed in the control list. Under special circumstances, if it is really necessary for export operators to conduct transactions with importers and end users listed in the control list, they may apply to the state export control administration department.

Importers and end users listed in the control list may apply to the state export control administration department for removal from the control list if they no longer have the circumstances specified in the first paragraph after taking measures; The state export control administrative department may, according to the actual situation, decide to remove the importers and end users listed in the control list.

Article 19 When exporting controlled goods, the consignor or customs declaration agent shall submit the license issued by the state export control administration department to the customs and go through the customs declaration formalities in accordance with the relevant provisions of the state.

If the consignor of export goods fails to submit the license issued by the state export control administration department to the customs, and the customs has evidence that the export goods may fall within the scope of export control, it shall question the consignor of export goods; The customs may submit an organizational identification to the State Administration of Export Control, and dispose of it according to the identification conclusion made by the State Administration of Export Control. During the period of identification or questioning, the customs shall not release the exported goods.

Article 20 No organization or individual may provide services such as agency, freight, delivery, customs declaration, third-party e-commerce trading platform and finance for export operators to engage in illegal export control activities.

Section 2 Export Management of Dual-Use Items

Article 21 When applying for the export of dual-use items to the state administrative department for export control of dual-use items, an exporter shall truthfully submit relevant materials in accordance with the provisions of laws and administrative regulations.

Article 22 The state administrative department for export control of dual-use items accepts the application for export of dual-use items, examines the application for export of dual-use items independently or jointly with relevant departments in accordance with the provisions of this Law and relevant laws and administrative regulations, and makes a decision on approval or disapproval within the statutory time limit. If a decision is made to grant the license, the license issuing organ shall issue the export license uniformly.

Section III Military Export Management

Article 23 The State practices a system of military export monopoly. Operators engaged in military export shall obtain the military export franchise qualification and engage in military export business activities within the approved business scope.

The military export franchise qualification shall be examined and approved by the national military export control administrative department.

Article 24 Military export operators shall apply to the state military export control department for the examination and approval of military export projects, military export projects and military export contracts according to the control policies and product attributes.

Major military export projects, major military export projects and major military export contracts shall be examined by the state military export control department in conjunction with relevant departments and submitted to the State Council and the Central Military Commission (CMC) for approval.

Article 25 Before exporting military products, military export operators shall apply to the state military export control department for military export licenses.

When exporting military products, military export operators shall submit to the customs the license issued by the state military export control department and go through the customs declaration formalities in accordance with the relevant provisions of the state.

Article 26 A military export operator shall entrust an approved military export transportation enterprise to handle military export transportation and related business. The specific measures shall be formulated by the state military export control department in conjunction with relevant departments.

Twenty-seventh military export operators or scientific research and production units participating in international military exhibitions shall go through the examination and approval procedures with the state military export control department in accordance with the procedures.

Chapter III Supervision and Administration

Article 28 The state export control administrative department shall supervise and inspect the export activities of controlled items according to law.

The State Administration of Export Control may take the following measures when investigating acts suspected of violating the provisions of this Law:

(a) to enter the business premises of the respondent or other relevant places for inspection;

(2) Asking the respondents, interested parties and other relevant organizations or individuals to explain the matters related to the investigated events;

(3) consulting and copying the relevant documents, agreements, accounting books, business correspondence and other documents and materials of the respondents, interested parties and other relevant organizations or individuals;

(four) to inspect the means of transport used for export, stop loading suspicious export items, and order them to be transported back to the illegally exported items;

(five) sealing up and detaining the relevant items involved;

(6) Inquiring about the bank accounts of the respondents.

The adoption of items 5 and 6 of the preceding paragraph shall be subject to the written approval of the person in charge of the state export control administration department.

Twenty-ninth national export control departments shall perform their duties according to law, and the relevant departments of the State Council, local people’s governments and their relevant departments shall provide assistance.

The state export control administration department alone or jointly with relevant departments shall carry out supervision, inspection and investigation according to law, and relevant organizations and individuals shall cooperate with them and shall not refuse or hinder them.

The relevant state organs and their staff have the obligation to keep confidential the state secrets, business secrets, personal privacy and personal information they know in the investigation according to law.

Article 30 In order to strengthen the export management of controlled items and prevent the illegal risks of controlled items, the state export control administrative department may take measures such as supervision talks and issuing warning letters.

Article 31 Any organization or individual has the right to report any suspected violation of the provisions of this Law to the State Administration of Export Control, which shall, after receiving the report, promptly deal with it according to law and keep the informant confidential.

Article 32 The State Administration of Export Control shall conduct export control cooperation and exchanges with other countries or regions and international organizations in accordance with international treaties concluded or acceded to, or on the principle of equality and reciprocity.

Organizations and individuals in People’s Republic of China (PRC) shall provide relevant information on export control abroad in accordance with the law; May endanger national security and interests, shall not be provided.

Chapter IV Legal Liability

Article 33 If an exporter engages in the export of related controlled items without obtaining the qualification for export business of related controlled items, he shall be given a warning, ordered to stop the illegal behavior, confiscate the illegal income, and impose a fine of more than five times and less than ten times the illegal business amount; If there is no illegal business amount or the illegal business amount is less than 500,000 yuan, a fine of not less than 500,000 yuan but not more than 5 million yuan shall be imposed.

Article 34 An exporter who commits any of the following acts shall be ordered to stop the illegal act, and his illegal income shall be confiscated. If the illegal business amount is more than 500,000 yuan, he shall be fined five times to ten times. There is no illegal business amount or the illegal business amount is less than 500,000 yuan, and a fine of more than 500,000 yuan and less than 5 million yuan shall be imposed; If the circumstances are serious, it shall be ordered to suspend business for rectification until the export business qualification of related controlled items is revoked:

(1) Exporting controlled items without permission;

(2) Exporting controlled items beyond the permitted scope stipulated in the export license;

(3) Exporting controlled items whose export is prohibited.

Article 35 Where an export license for controlled items is obtained by cheating, bribery or other improper means, or the export license for controlled items is illegally transferred, the license shall be revoked, the export license shall be confiscated, and the illegal income shall be confiscated. If the illegal business amount is more than 200,000 yuan, a fine of not less than five times but not more than ten times the illegal business amount shall be imposed; If there is no illegal business amount or the illegal business amount is less than 200,000 yuan, a fine of more than 200,000 yuan and less than 2 million yuan shall be imposed.

Whoever forges, alters or buys or sells export licenses for controlled items shall have his illegal income confiscated, and if the illegal business amount is more than 50,000 yuan, he shall be fined between five times and ten times; If there is no illegal business amount or the illegal business amount is less than 50,000 yuan, a fine of not less than 50,000 yuan but not more than 500,000 yuan shall be imposed.

Article 36 Anyone who knowingly provides services such as agency, freight forwarding, delivery, customs declaration, third-party e-commerce trading platform and finance to an exporter who is engaged in illegal export control activities shall be given a warning, ordered to stop the illegal activities, and his illegal income shall be confiscated. If the illegal business amount is more than 100,000 yuan, he shall be fined for more than three times and less than five times the illegal business amount. If there is no illegal business amount or the illegal business amount is less than 100,000 yuan, a fine of not less than 100,000 yuan but not more than 500,000 yuan shall be imposed.

Article 37 If an exporter violates the provisions of this Law and deals with importers and end users listed in the control list, he shall be given a warning, ordered to stop the illegal act, and his illegal income shall be confiscated. If the illegal business amount is more than 500,000 yuan, he shall be fined ten times to twenty times. There is no illegal business amount or the illegal business amount is less than 500,000 yuan, and a fine of more than 500,000 yuan and less than 5 million yuan shall be imposed; If the circumstances are serious, it shall be ordered to suspend business for rectification until the export business qualification of related controlled items is revoked.

Article 38 If an exporter refuses or obstructs the supervision and inspection, he shall be given a warning and be fined not less than 100,000 yuan but not more than 300,000 yuan; If the circumstances are serious, it shall be ordered to suspend business for rectification until the export business qualification of related controlled items is revoked.

Article 39 The state export control administration department may refuse to accept the export license application of an export operator who is punished in violation of the provisions of this Law within five years from the date when the punishment decision takes effect. The person in charge and other persons who are directly responsible for it may be prohibited from engaging in relevant export business activities for five years, and those who are criminally punished for illegal export control activities may not engage in relevant export business activities for life.

The state export control administrative department shall include the violation of this law by export operators in the credit records according to law.

Article 40 The illegal export control acts as stipulated in this Law shall be punished by the state export control administration department; Where laws and administrative regulations provide for punishment by the customs, it shall be punished in accordance with this law.

Article 41 If the relevant organization or individual refuses to accept the decision of the state export control administration department not to grant permission, it may apply for administrative reconsideration according to law. The decision of administrative reconsideration is final.

Article 42 State functionaries engaged in export control administration who neglect their duties, engage in malpractices for selfish ends or abuse their powers shall be punished according to law.

Article 43 Anyone who violates the relevant provisions of this Law on export control management and endangers national security and interests shall be punished in accordance with the provisions of relevant laws and administrative regulations in addition to this Law.

Whoever, in violation of the provisions of this law, exports controlled items prohibited by the state or exports controlled items without permission shall be investigated for criminal responsibility according to law.

Article 44 Organizations and individuals outside People’s Republic of China (PRC) who violate the relevant provisions of this Law on export control, endanger People’s Republic of China (PRC)’s national security and interests, and hinder the performance of international obligations such as non-proliferation shall be dealt with according to law and their legal responsibilities shall be investigated.

Chapter V Supplementary Provisions

Article 45 The transit, trans-shipment, through transport and re-export of controlled items, or their export from special customs supervision areas such as bonded areas and export supervision warehouses, bonded logistics centers and other bonded supervision places, shall be carried out in accordance with the relevant provisions of this Law.

Article 46 The export of nuclear and other controlled items, which is not provided for in this Law, shall be implemented in accordance with the provisions of relevant laws and administrative regulations.

Article 47 The export of military products used for overseas use of armed forces, foreign military exchanges, military assistance, etc. shall be implemented in accordance with the provisions of relevant laws and regulations.

Article 48 If any country or region abuses export control measures to endanger People’s Republic of China (PRC)’s national security and interests, People’s Republic of China (PRC) may take reciprocal measures against that country or region according to actual conditions.

Article 49 This Law shall come into force as of December 1, 2020.

　　CCTV News:According to the website of the National Development and Reform Commission, 2020 is the year of building a well-off society in an all-round way and ending the 13th Five-Year Plan. It is of great significance to successfully complete the task of Spring Festival travel rush and create a good environment for economic and social development in the new year. In 2020, Spring Festival travel rush will start on January 10th and end on February 18th, with a total of 40 days. In order to do a good job in the work of Spring Festival travel rush in 2020 and ensure the safe, convenient and satisfactory travel of the people, we hereby put forward the following opinions.

　　First, focus on strengthening the organization and leadership of Spring Festival travel rush’s work

　　(1) Improve a coordinated and powerful working mechanism. All regions and relevant departments should take the Supreme Leader’s Socialism with Chinese characteristics Thought in the New Era as a guide, fully implement the spirit of the 19th National Congress of the Communist Party of China and the Second, Third and Fourth Plenary Sessions of the 19th National Congress, carefully study the situation in Spring Festival travel rush in the region, make overall plans for Spring Festival travel rush’s work, and successfully complete various tasks in Spring Festival travel rush. All regions should establish the working mechanism of Spring Festival travel rush led by the competent government leaders, and the leading departments should identify the work orientation, strengthen the overall awareness, responsibility awareness and service awareness, strengthen the staffing, give full play to the comprehensive coordination role, and deal with the outstanding problems across regions and departments in a timely manner in conjunction with relevant departments to ensure that Spring Festival travel rush’s work responsibilities are clear, coordinated and efficient.

　　(2) Accurately grasp the characteristics of the situation in Spring Festival travel rush. Through consultation and judgment, in 2020, the number of passengers sent by Spring Festival travel rush will reach about 3 billion, a slight increase over the previous year. Among them, the number of road trips was 2.43 billion, down by 1.2%; 440 million railway passengers, an increase of 8%; 79 million passenger trips in civil aviation, an increase of 8.4%; 45 million passengers were transported by water, an increase of 9.6%. According to comprehensive analysis, with the more balanced and coordinated development of urban and rural areas and regions in China, the total migration population in Spring Festival travel rush has slowed down, the proportion of long-distance migration has decreased, and the contradiction between supply and demand has eased. The Spring Festival in 2020 is early, and it is expected that the passenger flow before the festival will be relatively concentrated, and the capacity of some key railway directions and a few hot air routes of civil aviation will be relatively tight; Mass travel modes are more diversified, self-driving travel continues to grow, and highway maintenance is facing a severe test; The safety risks caused by bad weather can not be ignored, and the traffic safety hidden dangers in rural areas are more prominent.

　　Two, strengthen the transport capacity guarantee, transport convergence and emergency smooth.

　　(3) Do everything possible to increase transport capacity. Railways should make full use of the high-speed rail transportation capacity, give full play to the role of opening new lines at the end of this year, maximize the passenger capacity in key directions and areas with concentrated passenger flow, and at the same time ensure the scale of slow trains and provide basic travel services for the masses. Roads and waterways should strengthen the supply of transport capacity in important hubs, key waters, tourist attractions and other densely populated areas, optimize the frequency of vehicle and boat trips and production scheduling, improve transport capacity, strengthen the organization of rural passenger transport capacity, and facilitate rural people’s travel. Civil aviation should strengthen capacity allocation by arranging overtime, changing aircraft types and temporary operation to meet the travel needs of passengers.

　　(four) efforts to strengthen the joint transport. The transportation departments of all regions should strengthen the connection with railways and civil aviation, comprehensively dispatch the connection between road passenger trains, urban rail transit, public buses and railway passenger trains, civil aviation overtime machines, actively carry out customized services for road passenger transport, scientifically allocate taxi capacity, make short-distance connections, and travel smoothly in the "last mile". Encourage all regions to innovate intermodal modes and carry out intermodal services such as air-rail intermodal transport, high-speed rail trackless stations and reserved buses. In Spring Festival travel rush, an important comprehensive transportation hub with heavy passenger flow pressure, an inter-departmental command and coordination mechanism should be established.

　　(5) Take multiple measures and do a good job in blocking roads. All regions should carry out investigation on traffic jams and slow-moving sections and toll stations in Spring Festival travel rush in advance, deeply analyze the causes of traffic jams, strengthen coordinated management of departments, classify and formulate countermeasures such as diversion and bypass, and timely release relevant information to guide the public to travel reasonably. Improve the quality and level of expressway electronic toll collection service, strengthen the service and management of manual toll lanes, and improve the traffic efficiency of expressways. The Yangtze River Delta and Pearl River Delta regions with large inter-provincial traffic flow should carry out inter-provincial road network operation judgment and implement inter-provincial dispatching. Reasonable arrangement of trunk highway maintenance construction, as far as possible to avoid maintenance work during the peak travel period. Strengthen the monitoring of road network operation, achieve early detection, early warning and early disposal, timely release the information of expressway road conditions and service areas, and carry out guidance and guidance in advance; Establish and improve the joint command mechanism of departments, strengthen joint logistics linkage, strengthen the command and guidance of the main road network during peak hours, and improve traffic efficiency; Coordinate the insurance industry to set up additional service points in road sections and service areas with large traffic and frequent accidents, and compensate minor traffic accidents quickly.

　　(six) overall passenger and cargo transportation. Adhere to the principle of "customer-oriented, giving consideration to both passengers and goods", and strive to ensure the transportation of materials such as coal, oil, grain and holiday commodities while ensuring the transportation of passengers. Areas with high road traffic pressure can actively guide freight enterprises to carry out off-peak travel during peak travel hours to reduce road pressure. The railway department should optimize the transportation organization, fully tap the channel potential in tense sections, strive to increase the cargo volume, make full use of the favorable opportunity of temporary passenger suspension during the festival, and timely organize the transportation of urgently needed materials to meet the needs of enterprise production and residents’ lives.

　　(7) Effectively respond to unexpected events such as bad weather. All regions should establish and improve the rapid notification, forecast and early warning mechanism of meteorological information, timely release flight and train number adjustment information, and guide the orderly flow of passengers; In bad weather, urge road passenger transport enterprises to suspend or adjust the departure frequency, and water transport enterprises to restrict the sailing of ships, guide the masses to reduce driving trips and reduce the risk of road detention and accidents. Formulate, refine and improve emergency plans such as bad weather and safety accidents and start them in time, prepare materials and equipment such as ice shoveling and snow removal, emergency rescue, implement emergency transportation capacity, improve the efficiency of ice shoveling and snow removal, do a good job in the evacuation of overstocked vehicles and the protection of drivers and passengers, and ensure the passage of main roads to the maximum extent on the premise of ensuring safety. If there are a large number of passengers stranded in airports and railway stations due to weather and other reasons, it is necessary to timely coordinate relevant units and enterprises to do a good job in explaining and maintaining order, timely deploy means of transport and personnel, and evacuate stranded passengers. If ships in key waters are blocked due to weather and insufficient water, they should respond in advance, start emergency plans in time, and do a good job of relief.

　　Third, take safety in production as the top priority

　　(eight) the implementation of the responsibility for production safety. All regions should implement the responsibility system for production safety, and compact the main responsibility for production safety of enterprises and the responsibility for safety supervision of departments. Railway transport enterprises should comprehensively do a good job in the inspection, testing and maintenance of equipment, especially newly put into production, implement various operating standards, and strengthen on-site safety management. Road transport enterprises should strictly implement the system of stopping and resting or connecting long-distance buses at 2-5 am, strictly implement the filing requirements of inter-provincial chartered passenger transport business, equip drivers according to regulations and operate in strict accordance with the matters specified in the inter-provincial chartered passenger transport signs, and resolutely put an end to illegal acts such as "three overload and one fatigue". Water transport enterprises should strengthen the safety management of their ships, effectively implement the requirements of restricting sailing in bad weather, and port enterprises should strictly operate procedures and increase the management and control of major safety risks. Airlines should strengthen control over key links such as aircraft deicing, operation control, special airports and maintenance of old aircraft to ensure flight safety, ground safety and air defense safety. Stations, airports, docks and key navigation structure should strictly implement the security inspection system to prevent the "three products" from entering the station (field); It is necessary to comprehensively optimize passenger access routes and boarding and disembarking organizations to prevent crowding and trampling accidents. Network car platform companies should strengthen operational risk management and control, strictly regulate dispatch management, standardize vehicle safety requirements, and protect passenger information security.

　　(nine) serious investigation and management of security risks. All regions should carry out investigation and management of hidden dangers in combination with the work arrangements in Spring Festival travel rush, organize centralized investigation of hidden dangers in the fields of road transport, railways, civil aviation, water transport, etc., urge and guide relevant units and enterprises to implement regulatory responsibilities and main responsibilities in safety production, establish ledgers for major hidden dangers, implement listing supervision, and rectify within a time limit. Ensure that all facilities and equipment in stations, airports and docks meet the safety requirements, strictly prohibit vehicles, ships and planes whose technical conditions are not up to standard from being put into operation, and strictly prohibit passenger vehicles that have not been inspected or scrapped within the time limit and operating drivers whose driving licenses have scored 12 points or more from participating in Spring Festival travel rush. Promote all localities to strengthen the rectification of road fairs during the Spring Festival, and encourage areas with more returning vehicles to use schools and other places to set up temporary parking lots to reduce road traffic safety hazards.

　　(ten) strict safety supervision and law enforcement. All regions should strictly investigate and control key vehicles such as "two passengers, one danger and one cargo" and school buses, improve the mechanism of enterprise business license registration, vehicle registration and information exchange of road transport qualifications, investigate "black enterprises" and "hacker cars", especially strengthen the supervision of large and medium-sized buses operating in different places, strengthen the management of illegal overloading of road trucks, crack down on serious illegal acts such as drunk driving and illegal passengers on water, and investigate and deal with "black cars" and "passenger smuggling" according to law. We will further intensify efforts to crack down on illegal acts that endanger the transportation order and operation safety, such as "machine trouble", "car trouble", "seat occupation" and blocking car doors, so as to enhance the people’s sense of travel safety. Strengthen the management of rural road traffic safety, closely rely on the township party committees and governments and grass-roots organizations, give full play to the role of "two stops and two members", and promptly persuade and correct illegal behaviors such as rural vans carrying passengers, trucks carrying people illegally and drunk driving.

　　Fourth, build the brand of "Spring Festival travel rush Service"

　　(eleven) to optimize the service measures of key links such as ticket sales. Railways should further strengthen the technical prevention and control of the 12306 website, give play to effective means such as standby ticket purchase, maintain a fair online ticket purchase order, do a good job in the pilot promotion of e-tickets, implement preferential measures for train fares in the return direction, and encourage "reverse Spring Festival travel rush". Airlines should strengthen the management of OTA platforms and sales agents, strictly enforce the provisions on fares and fees for returning and changing visas, further promote electronic boarding passes in focus city, and realize paperless and convenient travel. Road passenger transport enterprises should continue to improve the level of online ticketing services, improve the rate of shift sales, and actively promote the application of e-tickets.

　　(twelve) to enhance the service capacity of key areas such as transportation stations. Passenger transport hubs such as stations, airports and ports should further improve the waiting environment for passengers and strive to improve the level of environmental sanitation. Standardize the guiding signs of passenger transport hubs, strengthen the improvement of the station environment, improve the comfort and convenience of passengers waiting for passengers and transferring, and actively promote the optimization of the security inspection process of railway and urban rail transit if conditions permit, and reduce the number of passengers’ security inspections. Strengthen the management of expressway service areas, ensure catering, parking, refueling, car charging, etc. to the maximum extent, and improve service capacity and level.

　　(thirteen) to strengthen targeted services for key groups. Trade union organizations at all levels should go deep into parks and enterprises where migrant workers are concentrated, actively negotiate with employers about the starting time of interest workers, coordinate services such as docking ticket purchase and charter flights, and guide safe travel and returning home at peak hours. We will implement the Regulations on Pensions and Preferential Treatment for Military Personnel and the Notice on Matters Related to Safeguarding the Preferential Rights and Interests of National Comprehensive Fire Rescue Team Personnel in Traffic, and provide preferential treatment services for military personnel, fire rescue personnel and their accompanying families. The main hub station should set up a love channel, a mother-infant breastfeeding area, a waiting area for sick and disabled passengers of all ages and medical service points to provide care and help for passengers in need. Railway departments should adopt measures such as setting special windows and booking group tickets to provide ticket purchase services for migrant workers, students and tourists in remote areas. Encourage cities where colleges and universities are concentrated to use public transportation and social forces to provide students with free connections between schools and stations.

　　(fourteen) in-depth implementation of voluntary service. Relevant departments of Spring Festival travel rush in various regions should fully understand the important role of voluntary service in expanding service capacity, expanding social participation and enriching the connotation of Spring Festival travel rush, actively incorporate voluntary service into various arrangements in Spring Festival travel rush, jointly organize youth volunteers in China to serve Spring Festival travel rush in the "Warm Winter Action", explore the establishment of a voluntary service mechanism in Spring Festival travel rush, and promote standardization and institutionalization of service post provision, volunteer recruitment, professional training, work and life security, and encouragement and commendation.

　　Five, improve the basic ability level of Spring Festival travel rush.

　　(fifteen) to play the supporting role of science and technology in Spring Festival travel rush. All regions should explore the establishment of a technical support system to serve Spring Festival travel rush, strengthen cooperation with Internet map service providers, big data companies, new media, etc., use information technology and Internet platforms to strengthen the monitoring and forecasting of passenger flow and road conditions, quickly and accurately understand passengers’ service needs and opinions and suggestions, release information in time, give early warning, and improve management level through scientific and technological means.

　　(sixteen) to speed up the completion of outstanding shortcomings. All regions should take advantage of the favorable opportunity when all sectors of society pay close attention to Spring Festival travel rush, pay attention to finding some long-standing outstanding shortcomings, study expansion and transformation schemes for bottleneck sections and service areas where daily traffic jams are slow, and promote the application of large-scale professional equipment for deicing and snow removal in disaster-prone areas where the deicing and snow removal capacity is seriously insufficient, strengthen emergency capacity building, and give priority support to the development and reform departments in planning adjustment and project feasibility study approval.

　　Sixth, create a warm atmosphere in Spring Festival travel rush.

　　(seventeen) to strengthen publicity and guidance in Spring Festival travel rush. Strengthen the monitoring and analysis of Spring Festival travel rush’s public opinion, strengthen positive publicity, increase publicity and reports on Spring Festival travel rush’s measures, experiences and typical cases, keep abreast of hot issues, actively respond to social concerns, and win people’s understanding and support for Spring Festival travel rush’s work. Close to the people’s production and life, explore the story of Spring Festival travel rush, give full play to the advantages of various media to produce Spring Festival travel rush cultural products, make Spring Festival travel rush a window and platform to implement the people-centered development thought, reflect the achievements of economic and social development, and embody the core values of socialism, enhance the awareness of safety, rules and the rule of law, strengthen the publicity and education of civilized transportation and green travel, and further enrich the scientific, technological, cultural and contemporary connotations of Spring Festival travel rush.

　　(eighteen) continue to promote the construction of integrity. In-depth development of the special treatment of dishonesty in the field of transportation, and strengthening the role of credit regulation and restraint. According to the law and regulations, market players who have serious illegal and untrustworthy behaviors will be punished for dishonesty. Carry out various forms of credit publicity activities in places such as vehicle, boat, road and port stations, show the effectiveness and typical cases of transportation credit construction, and enhance the awareness of civilization and integrity of the majority of passengers.

　　(nineteen) care for front-line workers. Trade union organizations at all levels should pay more attention to the front-line workers who stick to Spring Festival travel rush’s work, organize forces to go deep into stations, airports, docks and carriages in combination with the "two festivals" send warm activities of trade unions, and visit and express condolences to the cadres and workers who stick to the front line in Spring Festival travel rush and their families, so as to enhance the sense of identity and belonging of Spring Festival travel rush workers. After the end of Spring Festival travel rush, it is necessary to ensure the right of cadres and workers on duty to rest during the holidays by means of compensatory holidays.

　　The National Development and Reform Commission will, together with relevant departments, report and praise the areas and innovative practices that have achieved outstanding results during Spring Festival travel rush.

　　CCTV News:The draft budget for 2018 announced by the Japan Coast Guard has reached a record high. In order to strengthen the so-called maritime security of the Diaoyu Islands, Japan has made a lot of tricks, not only allocating 39.4 billion yen to build new patrol boats and purchase aircraft, but also planning to introduce satellite surveillance systems.

　　According to Japanese media reports, the Japan Coast Guard announced the draft budget for fiscal year 2018 on the 29th, with a total amount of 230.3 billion yen (about 14 billion yuan), an increase of 9% compared with the original budget for 2017 and a record high. In addition, the staffing also plans to increase by 493 people next year. Japan’s Kyodo News Agency said that the Coast Guard plans to apply for a record 39.4 billion yen (about 2.4 billion yuan) to build a so-called "strategic maritime security system" to strengthen security near the Diaoyu Islands, including funding for a new 6,500-ton large patrol boat capable of carrying helicopters, a 1,500-ton medium patrol boat and nine small patrol boats, and plans to introduce a new jet plane with a long cruising range. Japanese TBS TV said that the new patrol boat is scheduled to officially sail in 2021.

The so-called "Diaoyu Island Exclusive Force" at Ishigaki Port in Okinawa was first exposed.

Chinese and Japanese law enforcement vessels have close contact in the waters around Diaoyu Island.

　　Around the Diaoyu Islands issue, the Japan Coast Guard launched the so-called "Diaoyu Islands Special Team System" consisting of 12 patrol boats in April 2016, equipped with 10 1,500-ton patrol boats and 2 large patrol boats capable of carrying helicopters. In March 2017, the so-called "Diaoyu Island Exclusive Force" in Ishigaki Port, Okinawa was first exposed. The Japan Coast Guard also released a video of close contact between Chinese and Japanese law enforcement vessels in the waters around the Diaoyu Islands.

　　Although the Japanese Coast Guard has concentrated the most elite forces in the direction of the Diaoyu Islands, the Japanese government is still in crisis in the face of the increasingly frequent cruise activities of China official ships in the Diaoyu Islands and its surrounding waters. According to the Yomiuri Shimbun, in 2012, there were only 68 official ships from China cruising in the territorial waters of Diaoyu Island, and by 2016, the number has increased to 121. China has comprehensively improved its maritime cruise capability in terms of quality and quantity.

　　Japanese media: The satellite system will help to quickly grasp the trend of China official ships.

　Japan coast guard patrol boat

　　At present, Japanese military strategic assets are accumulating in the Diaoyu Islands and the East China Sea, and the Coast Guard has become the "Depth Charge". By the end of 2016, Japan Coast Guard had nearly 370 patrol boats of various types, including 14 large patrol boats capable of carrying helicopters and 74 fixed-wing aircraft and helicopters.

　　According to Japan’s "Yomiuri Shimbun" reported on the 29th, Japan Coast Guard decided to introduce satellite surveillance system from this year. The monitoring object of the system ranges from the periphery of the Japanese archipelago to the coastal areas of China, South Korea and Russia, with an estimated area of 2.2 million square kilometers. The surveillance frequency of this area is at least twice a day, and the photos and videos taken by surveillance satellites will be transmitted to the headquarters of the national district of Japan for vigilance and search.

　　According to the report, so far, the Marine Insurance Agency has been responding to the patrol and search tasks by increasing patrol boats and planes. If it has its own satellite surveillance system, it can focus on shooting images of key surveillance areas and search for more accurate information. The introduction of this system will help to quickly grasp the movements of China official ships cruising in the territorial waters of Diaoyu Island.

　　Japanese media: The Japanese Police Agency will purchase more large helicopters for "seizing the island"

　　According to the Sankei Shimbun, the draft budget for fiscal year 2018 announced by the Japanese Police Agency on the 29th also contains contents related to the Diaoyu Islands. The cost of adding two large helicopters to the police in Fukuoka and Okinawa counties was added to the draft. This large helicopter can carry 25 people, which is the largest in police equipment. According to the report, the large helicopter can be used to deal with emergencies such as "foreign armed groups or groups claiming territorial sovereignty landing on outlying islands".

　　On January 19th, 2023, the Guangdong Spring Festival group meeting was held in Guangzhou, and people from all walks of life gathered together to celebrate the Spring Festival. Huang Kunming, Secretary of the Provincial Party Committee, Wang Xiubin, Commander of the Southern Theater, Wang Weizhong, Deputy Secretary of the Provincial Party Committee and Governor, Huang Chuping, Director of the Standing Committee of the Provincial People’s Congress, Lin Keqing, Chairman of the Provincial Political Consultative Conference, Standing Committee of the Provincial Party Committee and Secretary of the Guangzhou Municipal Party Committee attended the group meeting.

　　The Lingnan Hall of Zhudao Hotel is decorated with colorful lights and warm feelings, and the scene is filled with festive and peaceful festive atmosphere.

　　In his speech, Huang Kunming, on behalf of the Guangdong Provincial Committee of the Communist Party of China, the Standing Committee of the Provincial People’s Congress, the provincial government and the Provincial Political Consultative Conference, extended a wonderful New Year greeting to the people of the whole province, to the officers and men of the People’s Liberation Army, the Armed Police stationed in Guangdong, to the democratic parties, the Federation of Industry and Commerce, people without party affiliation, people’s organizations and people from all walks of life, to the retired veteran cadres and veteran comrades in the whole province, and to all Hong Kong, Macao and Taiwan compatriots, overseas Chinese and friends at home and abroad who care about and support Guangdong’s

　　Huang Kunming said that with the approach of the New Year of the Rabbit, we will usher in a brand-new beginning. In this season when winter leaves and spring comes, we are full of lofty sentiments. The 20th National Congress of the Communist Party of China has drawn a grand blueprint for building a socialist modern country in an all-round way and comprehensively promoting the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation with Chinese modernization. This is another new spring ushered in by our party, country and nation, which inspires us to move forward with high spirits and courage, and to work together on a new journey to realize the Chinese dream of the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation. Looking at the land of South Guangdong, we are full of confidence. With the continuous release of dividends by the central macro-policy, epidemic prevention and control has entered a new stage, the development will accumulated in the Guangdong market has been strongly released, and the whole society has been rushing to create vitality, with more kinetic energy and stronger potential for high-quality development. The vitality of spring has filled every corner of Guangdong, which is a vivid epitome of China’s vigorous progress. Looking forward to a bright future, we are full of longing. As long as we make unremitting efforts and continue to struggle in accordance with the decision-making arrangements of the General Secretary and the CPC Central Committee, the road to high-quality development in Guangdong will surely become wider and wider, the land in Guangdong will surely be bluer, the water will be greener and the home will be more beautiful, and the lives of parents and villagers will surely become richer and richer.

　　Huang Kunming said that happiness is a struggle, and the harvest is cultivated. 2023 is the first year to fully implement the spirit of the 20th Party Congress. Standing at a new historical starting point, we should unite more closely around the CPC Central Committee with the supreme leader as the core, persist in self-confidence, self-improvement, integrity and innovation, do a solid job in Guangdong, and strive to turn the grand goal into a beautiful reality step by step. It is necessary to start a new game with hard work and hard work, adhere to the spirit of daring to be the first and doing the first, seize the day and wait for no one, and have a solid and effective style, so as to seek and do all the work of reform, development and stability ahead, boost the momentum of the start, show the actions of the start, and make a good start. We should serve the people sincerely, always take the people as the center, do more work to benefit and warm people’s hearts, and take more measures to promote people’s interests and solve people’s worries, so that all kinds of talents can display their talents and achieve their ideals in Guangdong, and let the folks live a better life and be happy. We should work together to create the future, gather consensus, wisdom and strength, and push the whole province to think in one place, make efforts in one place, twist into a rope, and work hard to push Guangdong to be at the forefront of the country and create new glories in the new journey.

　　At the group meeting, the delegates watched the work feature film and reviewed the new progress and achievements made in various undertakings in Guangdong in the past year under the strong leadership of the Supreme Leader General Secretary and the CPC Central Committee.

　　Leading comrades of the Provincial Party Committee, the Standing Committee of the Provincial People’s Congress, the provincial government, the provincial CPPCC, the main responsible comrades of the provincial courts and the provincial procuratorates, and the veteran comrades and relevant leading comrades who have held leadership positions at or above the deputy provincial level; Principal responsible comrades of units above the deputy army in Guangdong; The main responsible comrades of relevant units and people’s organizations directly under the provincial government and directly under the central government in Guangdong; The main responsible comrades of the democratic parties and the Federation of Industry and Commerce in the province and representatives of personages without party affiliation; Some of them are representatives of the 13th Party Congress in delegates to 20th National Congress of the Communist Party of China (CPC) and the province at the grass-roots level, deputies to the National People’s Congress and the provincial people’s congress, members of Chinese People’s Political Consultative Conference and members of the provincial CPPCC; Representatives from workers, farmers, youth, women, disabled people, science and technology, education, sports, health, industry and commerce, literature and art, ethnic religions, veterans and other people from all walks of life attended the group meeting.

Keyword 1: discuss and build together

In the renovation of old residential areas in Chongqing, we always adhere to the people-centered development idea, adhere to the concept of "creating a beautiful environment and a happy life together", fully respect the wishes of residents, and realize joint construction and democratic decision-making. Although the actual work will face problems such as low participation of the masses and imperfect long-term management mechanism, doing mass work well and fully mobilizing the enthusiasm of the masses is still the key to implementing the transformation, joint construction and sharing mechanism of old communities.

In the renovation of old residential areas, cadres at all levels should go into the residential areas and go to the residents to understand the problems that they most want to solve that affect their daily lives. Chongqing gives full play to the leading role and organization and coordination function of grass-roots party organizations, actively builds a platform for communication, consultation and discussion, and ensures that residents in old residential areas can participate in the whole process of renovation. Through organizing various forms of democratic consultation, we can listen to residents’ demands and solve doubts and doubts, and jointly negotiate the content standards, investment costs, fund raising and long-term management of old residential areas, and implement the "menu selection" model.

Before the implementation of the renovation, give full play to the advantages of street offices, community neighborhood committees and grass-roots party organizations in publicity and education, organization and mobilization and mass work, actively promote planners, architects and engineers to enter the community, guide residents to participate in the renovation, and promote the formation of a consensus on the renovation of old communities. In the process of transformation, we will establish a co-management and co-construction system led by grassroots party organizations and residents’ self-governing organizations, give full play to residents’ initiative, and guide residents to participate in transformation in different forms. After the renovation is completed, a joint meeting system of community management with the participation of community neighborhood committees, owners’ committees, property service enterprises and other multi-subjects will be established to jointly plan and maintain the management methods of the renovation achievements of old communities and realize long-term management.

Keyword 2: Menu selection

After practical exploration, Chongqing has initially established the content system of the renovation of old residential areas from the city to the district, and standardized it through supporting documents and guidelines.

Chongqing Municipal Commission of Housing and Urban-Rural Development, Municipal Development and Reform Commission and Municipal Finance Bureau jointly issued the Implementation Plan for the Renovation and Upgrading of Old Residential Areas in the Main City of Chongqing (hereinafter referred to as the "Plan"), which clarified the overall requirements, implementation contents and standards, implementation procedures and safeguard measures for the renovation of old residential areas in the main city. The Plan refines the renovation of old residential areas according to two categories: comprehensive renovation and management upgrading, and initially determines the comprehensive renovation contents and guiding standards of five major items and 39 minor items, namely, infrastructure renovation, supporting service facilities construction and renovation, housing public area renovation, renovation and upgrading of adjacent infrastructure related to residential areas, and overall improvement of basic public service facilities, and determines 25 minor items in six major items, namely, environmental sanitation, housing management and maintenance, security and vehicle management, greening management, public facilities management and property service supervision. In the process of renovation, residents can completely change the previous government’s "all-in-one-bag" mode into residents’ "menu selection" mode according to their daily needs and the actual situation of the community, and fundamentally solve a series of livelihood problems closely related to residents’ daily life.

Keyword 3: Two-pronged approach

The renovation of old residential areas implemented in Chongqing this time mainly focuses on residential areas that were built before 2000, with backward public facilities, affecting residents’ basic life and strong residents’ willingness to renovate, and continue to be renovated and upgraded in accordance with the requirements of the Plan.

Comprehensive renovation refers to the overall utilization of renovation, facility renovation, functional renovation, comprehensive renovation and other ways to implement the organic renewal of old residential areas. In addition to classification, comprehensive renovation can be divided into basic items, additional items and overall implementation items according to the nature of the project. Among them, the basic item focuses on solving the basic problem of housing; Add items to focus on improving the quality of living and reflect the orientation of urban upgrading according to local conditions; Coordinate the implementation of the project, focus on improving basic public service facilities, optimize resource allocation, and promote the improvement of community governance.

Management promotion refers to standardizing community management by introducing property service enterprises, residents’ autonomy and setting up community property service centers to build a safe, clean, tidy and orderly atmosphere.

The implementation of comprehensive transformation of old residential areas, to follow up the management improvement, consolidate the transformation results, and promote long-term maintenance; The old residential areas that have been upgraded in management will be comprehensively transformed when conditions are ripe, so as to alleviate the pressure of centralized transformation and realize the unity of positive actions and capabilities.

Keyword 4: Community service

The renovation of old residential areas in Chongqing is not only limited to the renovation of buildings and environment, but also focuses on related facilities and combines the development of community services with the renovation of old residential areas. Community service must keep pace with the development of the new era, adhere to the people-centered, improve the service quality and improve the service content according to the actual needs of residents. At present, the level of community service in old communities in Chongqing is generally low, and the service items are single. There is a big gap between old communities and new communities in terms of community care for the aged, services for the disabled, health care, culture and sports, and convenience facilities.

In order to further improve the quality of community services and expand the scope of community services in old residential areas, Chongqing has focused on meeting the daily material and cultural needs of residents and improving the living quality of residents in the process of renovation, integrating street comprehensive service centers, community convenience service homes, community pension and other contents into the implementation plan, and guiding police offices, day care centers, health service stations and community cultural rooms through new construction, renovation, purchase, project matching and integration and sharing. While doing a good job of "one-stop" service and "one-stop" service, neighborhood offices and community neighborhood committees cooperate with departments at all levels and relevant units to continuously integrate social resources, contribute to improving the level of community service, and make old communities look good and live well.

The renovation of old residential areas in Chongqing summed up four key words, namely "co-construction, menu selection, two-pronged approach and community service", and achieved good results. Take Changshiyuan Community in Jiulongpo District, which was built in 1994 as an example. There are 7 buildings and 224 households in the community, with a construction area of 25,000 square meters. It belongs to the resettlement housing community with no property service and managed by the community. Due to various reasons, there are many problems in Changshiyuan Community, such as prominent security risks, serious house damage, lack of supporting facilities, and chaotic management order. Through the renovation and upgrading of old residential areas, projects such as fire fighting facilities renovation, drainage pipe network replacement, pipeline regulation, illegal construction and demolition, road paving, landscape building, etc. will be accurately implemented, and convenience service facilities such as intelligent parking management system, community cultural corridor and fitness equipment will be added. The environment of Changshiyuan residential area has been significantly improved, the living facilities are basically complete, and residents’ sense of acquisition, happiness and security has been significantly improved. Residents who moved out in the early stage moved back one after another to enjoy the fruits of this transformation together.

CCTV News:Today (July 13th) morning, the State Council Information Office held a press conference. Li Kuiwen, director of the Statistics and Analysis Department of the General Administration of Customs, introduced that the total value of China’s foreign trade import and export maintained a positive growth year-on-year for 13 consecutive months. The scale of import and export reached the best level in the same period in history and continued to maintain a stable and positive trend.

In the first half of the year, China’s total foreign trade import and export value increased by 27.1% year-on-year.

According to customs statistics, in the first half of this year, the total import and export value of China’s foreign trade was 18.07 trillion yuan, a year-on-year increase of 27.1%. Among them, exports were 9.85 trillion yuan, a year-on-year increase of 28.1%; Imports reached 8.22 trillion yuan, up 25.9% year-on-year.

Private enterprises have become an important force for China’s foreign trade growth

Customs statistics show that in the first half of this year, the import and export of private enterprises in China was 8.64 trillion yuan, up 35.1% year-on-year, which became an important force for the growth of China’s foreign trade. At the same time, China is actively exploring new markets and optimizing the global market layout.

ASEAN has become China’s largest trading partner.

In the first half of the year, China’s imports and exports to ASEAN, the European Union, the United States and Japan were 2.66 trillion yuan, 2.52 trillion yuan, 2.21 trillion yuan and 1.18 trillion yuan, up 27.8%, 26.7%, 34.6% and 14.5% respectively. ASEAN is China’s largest trading partner, accounting for 14.7% of China’s total foreign trade.

In the same period, China’s imports and exports with countries along the Belt and Road totaled 5.35 trillion yuan, a year-on-year increase of 27.5%.

In the first half of the year, China’s general trade import and export increased by 30.7% year-on-year

According to customs statistics, in the first half of the year, China’s general trade import and export was 11.19 trillion yuan, a year-on-year increase of 30.7%; The export of mechanical and electrical products was 5.83 trillion yuan, a year-on-year increase of 29.5%. The structure of China’s export products has been continuously optimized to promote the steady and qualitative increase of foreign trade volume.

　　Wearing a uniform, he greeted the passengers with a smile and showed them the way. Not only that, he can also communicate with foreign tourists in fluent English. He is Zhang Hua, the security guard at Zhonghua Gate Station of Nanjing Metro. Recently, a video shot by a netizen of Uncle Zhang Hua guiding foreign tourists in fluent English made Uncle Zhang a "online celebrity". The netizen even felt: "Uncle English is so awesome, I thought it was a bronze, but it turned out to be a king!"

　　The pictures in this article are all dragon and tiger network pictures. "I learned English by myself when I was just working in my twenties, and I also took the national self-study exam." On the afternoon of July 18th, the reporter met this "online celebrity" uncle at Zhonghua Gate subway station. Uncle Zhang told the reporter with a smile that he liked English very much when he was in high school. Later, he met many foreign friends at work and the company had a lot of English materials, so he had the idea of learning English by himself. "Actually, I didn’t use a lot of English in my previous job. I didn’t expect to be a subway security guard after retirement, and I was surprised to use English in this position."

　　Uncle Zhang said that before foreign passengers asked for directions in blunt Chinese, he communicated with each other in English. "Foreign passengers were surprised and thought that a small security guard could speak English so well." Before being transferred to Zhonghua Gate subway station, Uncle Zhang worked as a security guard in Xuanwu Gate subway. At that time, he met a group of international students from Beijing who wanted to visit Xuanwu Lake Park, but didn’t know which exit to take. "I told them how to get there in English at that time. They were very happy and gave them a thumbs-up before leaving." Talking about this impressive guide, Uncle Zhang smiled happily. "I feel that I have won glory for Nanjing."

　　(The original title is: "The security uncle of the subway is a real cow: fluent English is praised for guiding foreign passengers")

The original Singularity Cake Singularity Network is included in the collection # 62 Intestinal Microbes # 57 Cardiovascular Diseases.

* For medical professionals only.

It’s summer. Have you arranged all the beer skewers and juice in little seafood? Singularity cake every time I watch this kind of food electronic mustard tuber, the barrage will float past the "gout package!" Hmm … Everyone has a high awareness of health!

Foods such as beer, seafood and animal offal are rich in purines, and some purines, such as xanthine, hypoxanthine and uric acid, the final metabolites of purines, are considered as uremic toxins (wastes that patients with impaired renal function cannot metabolize normally) [1], which are related to some symptoms of chronic kidney disease [2].

It is also a typical symptom of gout that uric acid can not be metabolized normally, resulting in the formation of pro-inflammatory crystals deposited on joints. However, some studies have found that uric acid concentration within the solubility range can also promote atherosclerosis through AMPK pathway-mediated inflammation [3]. Isn’t the kidney working hard enough? However, intestinal microbes will shoot!

Recently, the research team at the University of Wisconsin-Madison found that intestinal microorganisms can affect the progression of atherosclerosis by regulating the level of uric acid circulation. They identified intestinal microorganisms that use purines such as uric acid as carbon and energy sources in anaerobic environment, as well as gene clusters encoding key steps of purine degradation. This is a potential new way for intestinal microorganisms to affect health, which may provide a new way for treating gout or preventing cardiovascular diseases. The research results were published in Cell, Host and Microorganism [4].

Previous studies have shown that the atherosclerosis burden of more than 100 inbred mice in the Hybrid Mouse Diversity Group (HMDP) is very different, and the composition of intestinal flora is also obviously different [5,6].

In this study, the researchers selected four kinds of HMDP, two of which showed obvious atherosclerosis (experimental group) and two of which showed almost no signs of disease (control group), transplanted their flora to aseptic APOE knockout mice (which could spontaneously form hypercholesterolemia and atherosclerosis) and fed them with a diet supplemented with 0.2% cholesterol for 8 weeks.

Compared with the control group, the pathological changes in the experimental group are obvious. Traditional cardiovascular risk factors such as body weight and cholesterol intake, as well as intestinal microbial metabolites lipopolysaccharide, trimethylamine -N- oxide (TMAO) and short-chain fatty acids can’t explain this difference.

Macrogenome analysis identified 1649 functional features and 52 bacterial taxonomic features, and correlation analysis identified several bacterial functions related to atherosclerosis load, including those related to purine production and transformation. Among the 682 metabolites in mouse plasma, purine metabolites, including xanthine, xanthine nucleoside, inosine and uric acid, are positively correlated with the size of atherosclerotic plaque.

Correlation between xanthine, xanthine nucleoside, uric acid and inosine and atherosclerotic plaque size

In the cohort of human volunteers, there is a significant positive correlation between coronary artery calcification (CAC) score and uric acid level, and several taxonomic units in Clostridium have a negative correlation with uric acid level, which may affect uric acid level.

Compared with conventional mice, most purine levels in cecum/feces of sterile mice decreased, and only uric acid and allantoin levels increased. Similarly, the level of uric acid in plasma of sterile mice also increased significantly. Therefore, intestinal microorganisms may be able to regulate the level of purine in intestine and whole body. This strengthened the researchers’ determination to isolate purine-degrading bacteria in the intestine.

Intestine is the key organ of purine homeostasis. Dietary purine is absorbed in the intestine, and intestinal microorganisms produce and recover purine needed for its anabolism. About 30% uric acid produced by body metabolism will be secreted into the intestine.

The researchers tried to enrich anaerobic bacteria on the culture medium with uric acid as the main source of carbon and energy by using human feces samples, and obtained several bacteria from Firmicutes and Proteobacteria, which were identified as Enterocloster bolteae and Escherichia coli by 16S rRNA sequencing. The model strain ATCC BAA-613 of Enterocloster bolteae was cultured in a medium supplemented with 12mg uric acid. 10ml of strain culture degraded 49.6μmol of substrate within 24 hours, and produced 106.9μmol of acetate.

Based on the success of this small-scale attempt, the researchers expanded the search for intestinal microorganisms with purine degradation ability, and identified 34 kinds of bacteria from 6 phyla by the same method. The purine utilization ability of different bacteria is different. For example, Escherichia coli MS200-1 and I-11 have stronger uric acid utilization ability than Escherichia coli K12. Allantoin can support the growth of Enterocloster bolteae and Escherichia coli, but it cannot support the growth of Clostridium difficile or Edwardsiella tarda.

Representatives of 34 kinds of bacteria

By comparing the conserved chromosome regions of these intestinal microorganisms, the researchers found that five genes (dpaL, hydA, ssnA, ygeY and xdhD) were conserved. Compared with the sterile mice with non-purine degrading flora and the sterile mice with conserved gene deletion mutant flora, the plasma uric acid level of the mice with wild-type strains was significantly lower. There was a negative correlation between the level of purine-related metabolites in cecum and the abundance of five genes in APOE knockout sterile mice. This shows that these genes and their encoded intestinal bacteria have the ability to regulate uric acid homeostasis in vivo.

Identification of conserved genes

Generally speaking, this study found a previously neglected factor affecting uric acid circulation level-intestinal microorganisms and the corresponding key genes. In the future, more research is needed to answer the effects of aerobic and anaerobic purine consumption pathways on purine and intestinal microecology, as well as atherosclerosis and other health conditions.

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The author of this article should be Yu Yan.

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