BEIJING, Beijing, October 27 (Reporter Yuan Xiuyue) In many people’s impressions, it is common for teachers to work in a school for a long time. Nowadays, this situation may be becoming a thing of the past in some places.

　　In recent years, many places have accelerated the deepening of the reform of county (district) management and employment, in order to further optimize the allocation of primary and secondary school teachers’ resources and promote the balanced development of urban and rural compulsory education. However, in practice, in some places, all staff compete for posts, which has aroused heated discussion among teachers.

　　Some people think that this move allows schools and teachers to choose in two directions, activates the internal vitality of the education system and promotes the flow of teachers, but others think that this is another form of "last elimination".

　　Promote county (district) management and employment in many places.

　　All teachers compete for posts?

　　County (district) management and school employment usually means that primary and secondary school teachers and education authorities establish a unified personnel relationship, and their identities are managed and centrally deployed by the education authorities of cities and counties (districts), gradually canceling the management mode of teachers’ original school registration and changing "unit people" into "system people".

　　As early as 2014, the Ministry of Education and other departments jointly issued the "Opinions on Promoting the Exchange and Rotation of Principals and Teachers in Compulsory Education Schools in Counties (Districts)", proposing to strengthen the overall management of compulsory education teachers in counties (districts), promote the management reform of "County Management and School Employment", and break the management system obstacles of teacher exchange and rotation. It can be noted that more than a dozen provinces such as Beijing, Hebei, Shanxi and Liaoning have specially issued guidance or implementation plans at the provincial level for comprehensive deployment.

　　Since the beginning of this year, there have also been many places to accelerate the reform of county (district) management and employment. As for the specific content of the reform, some teachers said that each county (district) has different ways and means.

　　Among them, many places have implemented the system of competitive employment for all employees. For example, in some places, except for new teachers, teachers who are about to retire, teachers who are pregnant, nursing and suffering from major diseases and are not suitable for communication, other faculty members are required to participate in the school competition.

　　In the competitive recruitment process, in some places, schools set up leading groups for competitive recruitment, and in some places, the supervision committee of the county (district) Commission for Discipline Inspection participated in the whole process of interview, evaluation and publicity supervision, and the personnel of the education system did not arrange to be examiners to avoid the situation of "human feelings".

　　Regarding the process of competitive recruitment, in some places, after two rounds of competitive recruitment, the education bureau will make overall adjustment and arrange jobs for teachers who are not employed. In some places, it is divided into intra-school competition and inter-school competition. Those who have been hired can organize transfers and also participate in off-the-job business training.

　　In addition, many places mentioned the need to improve the teacher withdrawal mechanism. If a teacher fails to pass the annual assessment and does not agree to adjust his/her post, or if he/she agrees to adjust to a new post, the school may terminate the employment contract according to relevant regulations. The person in charge of a primary school in Changsha revealed in an interview with the media that in 2022, the school renewed 58 people and dismissed 4 people.

　　Some teachers from a certain place in Guangxi also revealed that they have been engaged in several rounds there, and all of them have been hired by schools. There is no need to worry about being dismissed. "At most, it is to change places and schools."

　　Teachers have different feedback.

　　Some people think that "the teacher is very tired"

　　The feedback from teachers is different for this reform. Many teachers believe that this move can activate the internal vitality of the education system through competition for posts, and at the same time let schools and teachers choose in both directions to promote the flow of teachers.

　　Some teachers believe that the county (district) management school employment is not a good opportunity to mobilize, compared with the past in the same school until retirement, for some people, this is also a new opportunity to break through the status quo.

　　In practice, many teachers told reporters that in many places, the education bureau only co-ordinates the preparation of resources during recruitment, and there is no competition system for all employees. "I have heard that in a certain district, teachers rotate to different schools to achieve fairness in educational resources." A teacher from Zhejiang told reporters.

　　A teacher from Guangdong told reporters that she was pessimistic about the employment of schools in counties (districts), which was "not conducive to ordinary people".

　　Some teachers also believe that this measure is another form of "last elimination". If the flow is too frequent, it will toss teachers and students and make teachers very tired. At the same time, in the process of competition, it may cause the headmaster to have too much power and many human factors, which is unfair to some teachers.

　　A teacher from Jiangxi said that the county-run school recruitment can indeed transfer teachers beyond the establishment to schools without establishment, which is necessary for schools with insufficient teachers. To a certain extent, it can indeed arouse the enthusiasm of some "lying flat" teachers.

　　The teacher believes that the policy starting point is good, but in practice, each school’s competitive employment scheme is different, some schools’ competitive employment schemes are unreasonable and unfair, and some even exist in name only. "It’s not scoring according to the plan that really decides who will leave and who will stay, but the way of the world, networking and entering through the back door. In this way, the teachers who have been hired are actually hard-working and diligent teachers, which has greatly hit their educational enthusiasm. "

　　She also mentioned that some school leaders and middle-level personnel are directly employed, which is unfair. "I know that in a township school around me, because the middle-level leader was directly hired, the leader was a music major, but he was directly hired for sports posts. As a result, the physical education teacher in their school was hired."

　　"Some leaders also use this policy to make teachers do a lot of things beyond teaching. If they don’t do it, they will threaten to be hired. How can teachers be practical in teaching?" The teacher said.

　　In this regard, some scholars believe that the flow of teachers under the background of "county-run school recruitment" may trigger a crisis of trust between school leaders and teachers, and reduce teachers’ job satisfaction and self-efficacy.

　　In 2020, a representative of the National People’s Congress proposed "rural teachers ‘ County Management School Appointment ’ The disadvantages outweigh the benefits, and the proposal to suspend implementation throughout the country. " In its reply, the Ministry of Education pointed out that there are still some problems in the practice of reform, such as outstanding backbone teachers flocking to urban schools and high-quality schools, excessive power of principals, great contradictions among teachers, and dampened enthusiasm.

　　The Ministry of Education pointed out that these problems focused on the "recruitment" link, especially in some places, the competition for all teachers was blindly carried out, and the "reinvention" and "last elimination" were mechanically carried out, which blurred the focus of the reform. The focus of the reform of "county-run school recruitment" is to reform the rigid teacher management system, so that teachers scattered in different departments can manage human rights, administrative rights and financial rights relatively uniformly, instead of engaging in employment in a big way.

　　Expert: Prevent the problems of administration and utilitarianism in teacher evaluation.

　　According to Xiong Bingqi, president of 21st Century Education Research Institute, the main purpose of county (district) management and employment is to strengthen the effective allocation of teachers’ resources and better strengthen the construction of teachers’ team, thus effectively promoting the balanced development of compulsory education.

　　He believes that the promotion of county (district) management and school employment has also increased the difficulty of teacher management and evaluation. "The key is who will assess and who will evaluate. This is a big problem." In some places, there is no institutionalized exchange rotation.

　　Xiong Bingqi believes that it is necessary to reform teacher evaluation, implement teacher peer evaluation, prevent the problems of administration and utilitarianism in teacher evaluation, and promote the professionalization and specialization of teachers. At the same time, before the implementation of relevant policies, teachers’ opinions and suggestions need to be widely listened to.

　　Chu Zhaohui, a researcher at the Chinese Academy of Educational Sciences, believes that the county (district) management and recruitment of teachers from a wider range has a positive effect on promoting the balanced allocation of resources, which has its own advantages compared with the past. At the same time, however, the effect of its implementation is still different from the ideal situation, and it should be judged according to the effect of local implementation.

　　He believes that whether the evaluation of teachers’ work is objective and fair, and whether the county education administrative department can effectively evaluate, manage and use teachers is the key to determine the reform of school management and employment in counties (districts).

　　Regarding the possible "last elimination" problem, Chu Zhaohui believes that if the evaluation is objective and fair, then this elimination is normal, and any institutional mechanism will be eliminated if it is effective. If there is a problem with the evaluation, it may distort the system, either putting pressure on all teachers or eating a bigger pot of rice.

　　In addition, the Ministry of Education also mentioned in its reply to the NPC deputies that the Ministry of Education, together with the Central Organizing Committee and Ministry of Human Resources and Social Security, will further strengthen the investigation and study on the implementation of the management reform of "managing schools and hiring schools in counties", make an in-depth assessment of the existing problems, strengthen the guidance to local governments, avoid causing "tossing" to teachers, and ensure that the original intention of optimizing the allocation of teachers’ resources is better realized. (End)

　　Since the promulgation and implementation of "Decision on the Management of Judicial Appraisal" in the National People’s Congress Standing Committee (NPCSC) in 2005, the judicial appraisal industry has developed rapidly. According to statistics, in 2016, there were 4,872 judicial appraisal institutions and 54,198 judicial appraisers registered by judicial administrative organs, and more than 2.13 million cases of various judicial appraisal services were completed, more than eight times that of 2005. At the same time of rapid development, the development of forensic expertise industry is also facing some problems and troubles.

　　Violations of laws and regulations occur from time to time.

　　Document identification restores the authenticity of signatures and seals, and does not provide opportunities for counterfeiters; Forensic pathology identification, determine the responsibility of medical disputes; Recognition of relatives under the complicated situation of DNA identification … Judicial expertise opinions affect the nature of the case, the severity of the crime, the success or failure of the lawsuit, and the personal rights and property rights of the parties.

　　However, in the field of judicial expertise, some violations of laws and regulations occur from time to time, such as violating the rules of identification procedures and technical operation norms, carrying out identification activities beyond the scope of registered business, and organizing unqualified personnel to engage in judicial expertise business. In November, 2015, Jiangxi Jingsheng Judicial Appraisal Center was given a warning by Jiangxi Provincial Department of Justice, because it published false propaganda pictures of relevant qualification certificates on its website without obtaining relevant qualification certificates. In February this year, the Ministry of Justice informed the Lingshi Judicial Appraisal Center of Shanxi Province about the violation of laws and regulations: the center went beyond the registered business scope and organized appraisers who did not have the qualification of forensic pathologists to engage in forensic pathological appraisal illegally; Charge the blood alcohol content test and appraisal fee beyond the unified charging standard of Shanxi Province …

　　In 2016 alone, more than 230 cases of illegal judicial expertise were investigated and dealt with nationwide, and 132 appraisal institutions were cancelled. Thousands of appraisers were cancelled due to unqualified qualifications and unqualified related examinations, which effectively standardized the practice order and improved the overall ability level of the industry. However, this also reflects the problems existing in the entry threshold of judicial appraisal institutions and appraisers. "At present, China’s judicial appraisers have problems such as inconsistent qualification management and appraisal technical standards. On the other hand, it is difficult for some judicial organs to judge the professionalism of judicial authentication institutions when entrusting judicial authentication, which will also affect the accuracy and applicability of the authentication results. " Qin Xiyan, a lawyer from Hunan Province, introduced for example that a procuratorate needs to assess the value of real estate when handling criminal cases involving state-owned assets, but entrusts a price certification center to determine the price. However, the principles and standards on which the real estate value assessment is based are obviously different from the price determination, and the appraisal results will naturally affect the handling of cases by judicial organs.

　　The lack of appraisal standards and technical specifications for some appraisal matters is also a factor that causes dissatisfaction among the parties. The reporter learned that at present, the identification matters with more complaints and opinions from the parties are usually those that are difficult to rely on the detection of instruments and equipment and mainly rely on the appraisers to use professional knowledge and experience for identification and judgment, such as handwriting identification, forensic psychiatric identification, and medical damage identification. In practice, due to many theories and methods, these appraisal items often lack unified appraisal standards and technical specifications, which is easy to cause the parties to question and be dissatisfied with the appraisal opinions.

　　Profit-seeking, affecting the fairness of appraisal

　　Repeated identification and contradictory identification are a prominent problem in judicial expertise. Liu Jianwei, deputy director of the Institute of Forensic Science and Technology Appraisal of China University of Political Science and Law and an expert in document retrieval, analyzed that most appraisal institutions are responsible for their own profits and losses, and some of them are profit-seeking. In order to win more appraisal commissions, they relax their standards and control, which affects the quality and credibility of appraisal.

　　"In a labor contract dispute, the company sued Li for terminating the labor contract according to the contract, but Li argued that the contract was not signed by himself. The court entrusted an appraisal agency to conduct appraisal, and the first appraisal result was’ not signed by Li’; At the second trial, we appraised it, but the result was the opposite. This is because the sample used in the first appraisal was written by the party Li in court, not his real writing habits, which led to re-appraisal. " Liu Jianwei said that this is because the appraisal agency indulged the simple handling of the sample taken by the judge to a certain extent for the source of the case.

　　"In recent years, the business volume of paternity testing has increased rapidly. In order to do more paternity testing business, some appraisal institutions have set up cross-regional receiving points and sampling points to carry out false propaganda, which has seriously affected the image of the industry." Deng Jiaming, director of the Judicial Appraisal Administration of the Ministry of Justice, said, "The number of cases remains basically stable, and the tax authorities levy taxes on appraisal institutions according to enterprises, which is relatively heavy. In an environment of market-oriented free competition, it is also easy to objectively lead to profit-seeking behavior. In response to these problems, the Ministry of Justice carried out a special rectification of the paternity test business in 2016, which effectively standardized the identification order. "

　　With the development of society, the updating speed of identification instruments and equipment is accelerated, and the original equipment configuration standards can not meet the requirements of current litigation activities for identification work. In addition, the requirements for the number of appraisers and the requirements for funds and residences are not high in the access conditions of institutions, which leads to the emergence of a large number of judicial identification institutions with small scale and general technical conditions. "At the same time, due to the lack of scientific development planning, the number of some types of appraisal institutions is on the high side, while the number of appraisal institutions for some urgent litigation matters is less, and the regional distribution is not balanced. The situation of small, scattered and chaotic institutions cannot be fundamentally changed, which affects and restricts the healthy development of the judicial appraisal industry to a certain extent." The relevant person in charge of the Ministry of Justice introduced.

　　In terms of the access of appraisers, the standards for the identification of related majors in the legal access conditions are not very clear, and the professional requirements for appraisers are limited to professional titles, professional qualifications or working experience, resulting in a mixed team of appraisers. "In order to ensure that the appraisal opinions put forward by appraisers are authoritative, objective and scientific, they need certain professional knowledge and practical experience, that is to say, they should be experts in their appraisal business fields." The relevant person in charge of the Ministry of Justice said: "In practice, the judicial administrative organs have access to those who meet the statutory conditions, which leads to some appraisers’ professional mismatch, average technical ability and poor sense of responsibility, which affects the quality of appraisal."

　　Judicial expertise management should be refined

　　In 2015, the state delegated the pricing authority of judicial expertise fees to the provincial level, and some places failed to introduce new standards on time. Recently, the Ministry of Justice issued the "Notice on Further Strengthening the Management of Judicial Appraisal Fees", which requires that when formulating charging standards, all localities should scientifically and reasonably formulate charging standards for judicial appraisal according to the local economic and social development level and taking into account factors such as appraisal cost and difficulty; It is necessary to strictly standardize and uniformly implement, and study and standardize the setting of the charging standard "downward floating range" to avoid vicious competition among appraisal institutions; Where the local standards for judicial expertise fees have not yet been formulated, they must be completed before the end of June this year.

　　This is a policy response to the topic of "sky-high appraisal fee" In February of this year, Weibo, a lawyer in Sichuan, attracted attention: "A case of Chengdu Intermediate People’s Court needs to be appraised. A fingerprint, two seals and a signature were appraised, and the asking price was 170,000 yuan. The appraisal fee is catching up with the legal fees!" The appraisal fee of more than 170,000 yuan has attracted attention. One controversial point is that the Measures for the Administration of Judicial Appraisal Fees have been abolished, Sichuan has not yet issued local standards, and there is a gap in legal convergence. "This case is a target amount of 30 million, involving three projects. It is not too much to calculate 57,000 for each project alone, but it is not clearly defined whether all three projects in a case are calculated at 57,000." Liu Jianwei said.

　　"At present, the industry management of judicial expertise is still somewhat extensive." Guo Zhaoming, deputy director of the Institute of Forensic Science and Technology Appraisal of China University of Political Science and Law, said that the judicial administration should be more refined, and the judicial administrative department should further tighten the entry threshold for judicial appraisers and appraisal institutions, strengthen the training of professionals, and promote the justice of judicial appraisal through a series of measures.

　　The relevant person in charge of the Ministry of Justice said that in view of the problems existing in the access to judicial expertise, the next step is to take measures: First, strictly control the customs, strengthen the role of expert evaluation in the examination and registration work, and refuse to register legal persons or other organizations that do not have the instruments and equipment necessary for the appraisal and the testing laboratories that have passed the metrological certification or laboratory accreditation according to law, as well as personnel with weak professional relevance, unqualified professional skills or deregistered; The second is to refine the access standards, revise and improve the equipment configuration standards of judicial authentication institutions and the classification regulations of judicial authentication practices as soon as possible, and formulate and introduce the standards for the identification of related professions and related work of judicial authenticators, so as to provide a clear basis and reference for the audit and registration work; The third is to strictly implement responsibilities and seriously pursue accountability.

　　According to the relevant person in charge of the Ministry of Justice, the Fourth Plenary Session of the 18th CPC Central Committee clearly put forward the requirement of improving the unified judicial expertise management system. At present, in accordance with the requirements of the central authorities, the Ministry of Justice, together with relevant departments, is making every effort to promote and improve the reform of the unified judicial expertise management system and focus on solving the institutional and mechanism problems that affect and restrict the development of the judicial expertise industry. Relevant issues such as access, quality management, charging system and the public welfare nature of judicial authentication institutions, which are of social concern, will be gradually solved in the reform. He said, "The Ministry of Justice will continue to do a good job in the management and quality construction of judicial expertise, vigorously strengthen the supervision of the judicial expertise industry, and strive to promote the healthy development of the judicial expertise industry."

　　Cctv news(Reporter Xu Hui) On April 19th, the Office of the Leading Group for the Response to the COVID-19 Epidemic in Nanhe District of Xingtai City issued a notice saying that a person with positive screening was found. In order to effectively protect the health and life safety of the masses, the itinerary is now announced as follows:

　　From April 4th to 8th, construction was carried out at the construction site of Xuyang Xuefu in Xingdong New District. During this period, we went to the food stall at the entrance of Xuyang Xuefu, a wave of fast food restaurants, Xingtai Xingxiang Medicine, Changjiang Hardware Store and Lizhou Convenience Store for shopping.

　　On the morning of April 9, Xingdong New District went to Haiyuan Gas Station of Xingren Highway, Xingtai Guoqi Hardware, snack bar at the entrance of Xuyang Xuefu, and shopping at Tycoon Convenience Store.

　　From April 10 to 16, I worked at the construction site of Xuyang Xuefu in Xingdong New District. During this period, I ate at the snack bar at the entrance of Xuyang Xuefu, and shopped at Changxing Communication, Fuxing Supermarket, Xuanxuan Supermarket and Daheng Supermarket on Xingren Highway.

　　On the evening of April 16th, I went to Lipai Village, Shizhao Township, Nanhe District.

　　On the morning of April 17th, I went to Liangpai Village and Lipai Village in Nanhe District, returned to South Zhang Cun in Xingdong New District in the afternoon, and went shopping in Xuanxuan Supermarket in the evening.

　　At noon on April 18th, I went to Xingtai Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine to do nucleic acid, and at night I went shopping at Tycoon Convenience Store.

　　On April 19th, Xingtai CDC rechecked the initial screening positive.