In what way human society lives, it fights in what way. With the maturity of the military Internet of Things, it is possible for weapons and equipment to "see", "communicate", "think" and listen to "command". Silent objects seem to have wisdom, which will provide important support for the integrated joint operational command and decision-making system and will be the real "tight encirclement" in the future war environment.

Realize seamless battlefield perception and improve battlefield transparency.

As early as 1999, when the Internet of Things was just born, it was called sensor network. The birth of the sensor system of military Internet of Things can be traced back to the Vietnam War in 1960s. In order to monitor the people and vehicles coming and going on the Ho Chi Minh Trail, the US military used an unattended "tropical tree" vibration sensor. When there is a target moving, the sensor can detect the vibration and sound source information generated by the target, and then transmit the data to the command center, so as to command the air fighter to bomb the target.

The military Internet of Things focuses on the battlefield situation awareness, intelligent analysis and judgment, action process control and other links, so that the system can operate effectively in all directions, full-time domain and full spectrum, thus breaking the "fog of war" and comprehensively improving system capabilities based on information systems. Using the core technology of military Internet of Things-radio frequency identification technology, ordinary and low-cost equipment can also effectively obtain battlefield information and transmit it in real time through the network. For example, the "smart dust" developed by the US military has all the functions from information collection, processing to sending, although it is only the size of gravel. This will bring a new revolution to information acquisition: on the one hand, it can eliminate the blind spot of reconnaissance, realize the "seamless" perception of the battlefield and improve the transparency of the battlefield; On the other hand, the military Internet of Things can bring all personnel, weapons and support materials on the battlefield into the network. Any sensor on the network node can be connected with various reconnaissance and monitoring systems on satellites and airplanes to obtain the spatial positioning ability of the target that it does not have, so as to realize the perception and be positioned.

The military Internet of Things can also realize the accuracy of battlefield perception, that is, to establish an all-factor, all-process comprehensive information chain from the automatic perception of the battlefield from the sensor to the shooter, data transmission, command and decision, and fire control, so as to realize the reconnaissance of enemy forces’ deployment, weapons and equipment configuration, movement state, reconnaissance of operational terrain, defense facilities and other environments, accurate perception of battlefield information such as their own position protection and force dynamics, and joint cooperation of large-scale weapons platforms and various forces and weapons.

With the development of military internet of things technology, in the future information battlefield, military information network will be integrated with military internet of things, providing a brand-new means for information acquisition and processing. At present, the military of western developed countries attaches great importance to the development of military Internet of Things, and regards it as an important research field of sensor networks, and various innovative military Internet of Things platforms emerge one after another. The U.S. military has successively carried out research and application of a series of military sensor network systems, such as "Rumbas" system for remotely monitoring the battlefield environment, "Sand Line" system for monitoring the movement of weapon platforms, and "Wolf Pack" system for detecting electromagnetic signals. Japan, Britain, Italy, Brazil and other countries and armies have also shown strong interest in the military IOT network, and have launched research work in the military application field of wireless sensor networks.

Implementing transparent command in the whole process to improve the efficiency of operational decision-making

The military Internet of Things connects various military elements in the military field, such as things and things, things and people. Every combat unit, every firepower unit, every soldier and every weapon is tagged with RFID (Radio Frequency Identification), and every combat action of the troops can be transmitted to the command center through the wireless data communication network, thus realizing the transparent command and control of the whole combat action and improving the efficiency of operational decision-making.

Shorten the command cycle. The future information-based war will be a high-speed, high-precision and high-intensity war, with the sudden outbreak of the war, the rapid transformation of combat styles, the increased flow of material, energy and information on the battlefield, and the changeable flow direction. The relationship between various operational factors is complex, especially the application of the Internet of Things technology and the large number of information-based weapons and equipment put into the battlefield, which greatly shortens the process of obtaining intelligence information, transmitting information, making up your mind, implementing operational actions and evaluating operational effects. For example, the application of information transmission system based on military Internet of Things technology can greatly shorten the process of battlefield intelligence information transmission and greatly improve the speed of information transmission; Through the real-time monitoring of the battlefield, accurate target positioning information can be provided to the fire control and guidance system, and the command cycle of "observation-positioning-decision-action" can be shortened, thus making the command faster and more flexible.

Improve battlefield awareness. Applying the Internet of Things technology to the military field will make the battlefield intelligence information more accessible, faster in transmission and more scientific in processing and application, thus deepening the understanding of the battlefield. If the Internet of Things technology is applied to reconnaissance and early warning equipment, assisting reconnaissance satellites with real-time reconnaissance and real-time transmission capabilities, battlefield surveillance TV systems, unmanned aerial vehicles, etc., a large number of battlefield information can be collected all-weather, all-time, timely and accurately, so as to correctly recognize the battlefield. At the same time, the application of military internet of things will provide material conditions for commanders to command in real time. Commanders can get a panoramic view of the whole battlefield situation through the information display system of the command center, and countless digital links connected with the large database of the command center will extend to every corner of the battlefield, transmitting the positions, actions and achievements of the enemy and our troops to the command center in real time, forming a constantly updated comprehensive shared battlefield situation map, on which commanders can make decisions, quickly make up their minds, make correct responses to changes in the situation and command troops to fight in real time.

Implement stable command. The application of command information system with military Internet of Things technology as the core can realize the integration of acquisition, transmission, processing and application of battlefield information, and the seamless connection between all links can be realized. In particular, the command information system networked by military Internet of Things technology is network-like. Even if one channel is hard-destroyed and soft-killed by the enemy, other channels can work, so that battlefield information can be continuously obtained, transmitted, processed and used, effectively avoiding the situation that the troops will lose control when the combat command system is destroyed in the past, and enabling commanders to conduct stable command of the military operations. At present, the armed forces of western developed countries are seizing the development opportunity, vigorously developing the military Internet of Things, and building the future battlefield sensing nerve.

Fully control the war supply line and improve the accuracy of support.

Military Internet of Things has unlimited potential, and its popularization and application in the field of logistics support will help to realize "dynamic precision" support. During the Iraq war, Tommy Felix, then commander of the US Central Theater, ordered that any materials entering the theater under his jurisdiction must be tagged with RFID, so that he could get a panoramic view of the battlefield dynamic logistics without any effort.

Improve the ability of dynamic adaptive logistics support. The Internet of Things seems to be a perfect technology tailored for military logistics, which can effectively avoid the blindness of logistics work. With the breakthrough of radio frequency identification technology, two-dimensional bar code technology and intelligent sensing technology, the Internet of Things can provide a convenient and flexible solution for automatically obtaining information such as materials in storage, transportation and use. In the process of various military operations, the military Internet of Things can provide appropriate equipment and supplies to the combat troops at accurate locations and at accurate times, so as to avoid unnecessary confusion, trouble and waste caused by redundant materials rushing to the combat area. At the same time, it can make decisions according to the changes of battlefield environment, coordinate, control, organize and implement logistics support independently, and has adaptive logistics support ability. In addition, the military Internet of Things has realized the intelligence of military equipment. Through a large number of sensors, weapons and equipment can obtain battlefield information such as battlefield situation and enemy threat in real time, so as to respond in time and improve battlefield survivability; Through the embedded diagnostic sensor chip, the operator and maintenance point can know the intact condition of each part of the equipment in time, and realize the accuracy of battlefield maintenance.

Strengthen the precise control of combat materials. The electronic tag technology adopted by the military Internet of Things was first applied to the military. During the first Gulf War, American troops transported about 40,000 containers of weapons and equipment to the war zone. However, due to unclear signs, a lot of equipment lost cannot be found, which consumes huge war resources. Twelve years later, during the Iraq war, the US military installed high-tech RF satellite chips on every container shipped to the Gulf region, and placed readers at important material transportation intersections and storage areas, which realized the whole-course tracking of personnel, equipment and materials, made the material supply and management quite transparent, greatly improved the effectiveness of military logistics support, and finally saved billions of dollars. With the maturity of RFID tag technology and the reduction of cost, the military Internet of Things can be fully applied to single weapons, thus strengthening the management of weapons and equipment, and helping to find weapons and equipment that are extremely threatening and lost on the battlefield.

Improve the safety of supply lines. The logistics system based on the military Internet of Things has the characteristics of networking and nonlinear structure, and has strong anti-interference and anti-attack ability. It can not only accurately grasp the whole process of transporting materials from the factory to the foxhole in front, but also provide danger warning, deploy tasks for transport vehicles on the way and optimize transportation routes. In particular, it can integrate logistics support operations with the whole digital battlefield environment, realize the integration of logistics support and combat operations, enable logistics commanders to make decisions at any time or even in advance, greatly enhance the flexibility and crisis control ability of logistics operations, and fully guarantee the safety of logistics transportation.

　　Beijing, June 30 (Reporter Li Jinlei) With the announcement of the pension adjustment plan for 2021 in Sichuan, the pensions of 31 provinces have all been raised. How much did your pension go up?

　　31 provinces raised pensions.

　　On April 16, the Ministry of Human Resources and Social Security and the Ministry of Finance issued a notice on adjusting the basic pension for retirees in 2021, which kicked off the rise of pensions.

　　According to the notice, the overall national adjustment ratio is determined according to 4.5% of the monthly basic pension for retirees in 2020. Each province takes the national overall adjustment ratio as the upper limit, and determines the adjustment ratio and level of the province.

　　This is the "17 consecutive rises" of pensions. Since then, Shanghai was the first to announce the pension adjustment plan on May 12, and various places have also announced the pension adjustment plan one after another. By June 28, Sichuan announced the pension adjustment plan, and all the pension increases in 31 provinces have landed.

　　How much did your pension go up?

　　"I retired in 2020 and participated in the increase of pension for the first time this year. Before the increase, the pension was 3,631 yuan per month. In June, the amount of pension received was 4,353 yuan, and a total of 822 yuan was reissued, which means that the monthly pension increased by 137 yuan, an increase of about 3.8%." A retiree from Hunan shared with reporters the situation of his pension increase.

　　According to the data of the Ministry of Human Resources and Social Security, in 2020, the per capita pension of enterprise retirees nationwide will be around 2,900 yuan. Some provinces have announced the per capita increase in pensions this year. According to the data released by Qinghai, after the adjustment, the monthly per capita basic pension of retirees in enterprises, institutions and institutions increased by about 196 yuan.

　　It should be noted that 4.5% is the overall per capita level of basic pension adjustment for all retirees. The People’s Social Welfare Department of many places explained that for each retiree, due to different payment years and pension levels, the actual increase in the absolute amount of pension is different, and the corresponding proportion of personal pension is also different.

　　Raise the pension in the way of "three combinations"

　　At present, most provinces have reissued the increased pensions to their accounts. Sichuan, the last province to announce the pension adjustment plan, will pay the adjusted and increased pensions to retirees one after another from 19: 00 on June 28 to ensure that the adjusted and increased pensions will be paid to retirees before July 1.

　　After receiving the rising pension, retirees should pay attention to the fact that the rising pension is not simply an increase of 4.5% on their own pension base, but a "three-in-one" method combining quota adjustment, hook adjustment and appropriate tilt.

　　Among them, quota adjustment refers to the unified increase of the same amount of pensions for all types of retirees in the same area, reflecting social equity; Hook adjustment means that the increased pension is linked to the individual payment period and pension level, which embodies the incentive mechanism of "paying more and getting more" and "paying more for a long time", so that people who pay more and pay more for a long time can get more pensions; Appropriate tilt reflects key care, mainly for the elderly retirees, retirees in hard and remote areas and other groups to take care of.

　　Take the pension adjustment scheme in Sichuan Province as an example. Li, a retiree in six kinds of hard and remote areas, is 71 years old and has a payment period of 35 years. In December 2020, the basic pension was 5,600 yuan, and the adjusted and increased basic pension was as follows:

　　Quota adjustment: 42 yuan; Adjustment of payment period: 15 years ×0.7 yuan/year +20 years ×1.8 yuan/year =46.5 yuan; Adjustment of pension level: 5600 yuan ×1.3%=72.8 yuan; Old age tilt adjustment: 35 yuan; Tilt adjustment in hard and remote areas: 80 yuan; Total: 42+46.5+72.8+35+80=276.3 yuan.

　　Basic pensions for urban and rural residents in these places have also increased.

　　In addition to raising the basic pension for retirees, some provinces have also raised the basic pension standards for urban and rural residents this year.

　　The Hubei Provincial Department of Human Resources and Social Security announced on the 28th that from January 1st, 2021, the basic pension standard of basic old-age insurance for urban and rural residents in Hubei Province will be raised from 108 yuan per person per month to 115 yuan per person per month, that is, the 7 yuan will be raised on the basis of the original standard.

　　In addition, Shanghai will adjust the basic pension standard of urban and rural residents’ old-age insurance (including the minimum standard of basic pension determined by the central government) from 1100 yuan per person per month to 1200 yuan per person per month. This standard is the highest in the country.

　　Beijing has also raised the basic old-age pension for urban and rural residents. From January 1, 2021, new people will receive basic old-age insurance benefits for urban and rural residents. The basic pension standard is 850 yuan per person per month. (End)

Google has released a developer preview of Android P, the prototype of the latest generation of Android 9.0. If you are a user of Pixel devices, you can already experience the new system first. Compared with the previous Android system, Android P has obviously changed in function and mechanism.

Due to these changes, many good days of Android apps have come to an end, and they have to be laid off in the face of the new system of Android P. So what App will Android P eliminate? Let’s take stock.

Screenshot editing App

Whether it is Android or iOS, it has a screenshot function natively, and it does not need a third-party screenshot App like the early Saipan. However, if you use a native Android system, you often need to install a third-party screenshot App.

Why not, just because the system’s native screenshot function can’t edit the screenshot content after the screenshot, if you want to code some information of the screenshot, the native screenshot is powerless. Therefore, there is quite a market for third-party screenshot apps, but in Android P, they may be laid off.

In Android P, the system can edit screenshots natively.

In the first developer preview version of Android P, that is, the version of DP1, the system has added the native screenshot editing function. After the screenshot, you can do some simple daubing and cutting on the picture.

In fact, this function is not new. Screenshot editing has become a standard in many third-party Roms, but in Android P, it is finally going to be popularized in all Android systems, leaving the living space for third-party screenshot apps smaller and smaller.

Incoming call firewall App

In the era of the popularity of smart phones, apps have stolen more and more privacy, so how to prevent harassment is also a technical activity. Many people will isolate harassing calls by installing an App such as an incoming call firewall, and the effect is really good. However, in Android P, these incoming firewall apps may encounter challenges, because Google intends to do this function in person.

In the open source code of Android P, the developers found the related content about the incoming call firewall, and this part of the code was submitted by Sony to the Android open source project. According to the relevant code, Android P can intercept numbers that are not in the contact list, undisclosed numbers, numbers that lack information, etc. Although the function is relatively elementary, it is still a practical improvement.

Android P will have a stronger incoming call firewall.

So will the incoming call firewall App be replaced? Or will not be completely laid off. It seems that this call interception function of Android P can be turned on by the operator, and its functions are not comprehensive. For example, it seems that it is impossible to intercept calls through the cloud database.

In fact, many third-party Roms have added the function of call firewall to Android, and Android P natively adds some basic call interception settings. If you want to achieve a better effect of Approaching third-party Roms, I’m afraid the call firewall app is still necessary.

Bluetooth mouse and keyboard simulation App

Android is very playable. For example, Android can simulate the mouse and keyboard of a PC through a third-party App. Generally speaking, to realize this kind of function, you need to take the remote desktop protocol and connect through the Internet or WiFi. However, in Android P, the system’s own function of simulating mouse and keyboard goes further. The Android P system itself can connect to the computer through Bluetooth, making the mobile phone become the Bluetooth mouse and keyboard of the computer, which is very convenient.

At present, some apps on Android can make mobile phones act as Bluetooth mouse keyboards.

In Android P, the system should have related functions natively.

There is no doubt that this is a very practical function. People can’t find a Bluetooth mouse and keyboard anytime and anywhere. When you suddenly want to remotely control the HTPC in the living room, or you can’t find a remote controller to demonstrate PPT for a while, Android P can make your mobile phone come in handy.

System tools such as refrigerator /Xposed.

The reason why the App mentioned above will be laid off is mainly because Android P provides similar functions. However, in addition to new functions, the system mechanism of Android P has also changed, which leads to some previously available apps not running in the new system, thus facing elimination.

In Android P, Google has greatly restricted the use of unofficial APIs. Google will lock the APIs that the App can access, and some APIs of the system will no longer be provided for the App to access, and it is difficult for the App to use unauthenticated APIs.

What will be the result? On the one hand, it will directly lead to the failure of the push and sharing functions of many apps. Some apps can achieve the push function because they use some third-party push platforms and need to access relevant API；; On the other hand, the black technology App that many players like to see and hear can’t be used.

Unofficial API may not be available in Android 9.0.

Many Android apps with high playability will use some APIs that are not included in the official SDK. For example, Xposed and refrigerator, etc., through some hooks, you can achieve functions that ordinary apps can’t do.

However, in Android P, Google will restrict the use of non-SDK methods and fields, and developers will not be able to access them — — Whether through direct call, reflection or JNI. If you try, you will receive error prompts such as NoSuchFieldException or NoSuchMethodException. Therefore, many apps that players like to see and hear are basically abolished and have to step down in the new system.

Old applications/using old SDK applications

Some friends may not agree that these system tools have been eliminated by Android P. After all, these tools are generally unpopular and only players will care. However, apps that are forced to be laid off are actually not limited to these niche tools. In Android P, apps that are frequently contacted by the public may also be on the verge of elimination.

A large number of domestic apps still use the old SDK and may face elimination.

In the new system, Android P has made strict restrictions on the application of the old Target API. Google added a new regulation MIN_SUPPORTED_TARGET_SDK_INT to the SDK. If the SDK version of the App is lower than v17, then the App will not be compatible with Android P. This means that Android 4.1, including the previous version of the App, will be eliminated in Android P.

Now that the first developer preview version of Android P has been released, developers have also tested it. The test results are as expected, and the old version of the App really can’t run. In Android P, although the old version of the App can still be installed, when it is opened, the system will warn that the App is incompatible and needs to be upgraded. At present, many domestic apps still use the old SDK. I am afraid that in the era of Android P, these old applications will become history.

summary

In fact, each generation of Android will add more functions close to practical applications, and it will also set up some unprecedented restrictions. These measures will inevitably squeeze the living space of some apps.

However, although each generation of Android system will bring challenges to old apps, it will often bring many new opportunities, such as the Internet of Things and ARCore, which are the mainstay of Android in the past two years, which can make people see many possibilities. Android 9.0 is undoubtedly a dramatic version. I hope that both Google and App developers can bring users a better experience in this generation of Android.