Notice of the State Council Municipality on Printing and Distributing the ＂Thirteenth Five-Year Plan＂ for Ecological Environmental Protection

The State Council on printing and distributing

Notice of the "Thirteenth Five-Year Plan" for Ecological Environmental Protection
Guo Fa [2016] No.65

People’s governments of all provinces, autonomous regions and municipalities directly under the Central Government, ministries and commissions and institutions directly under the State Council:

The 13th Five-Year Plan for Ecological Environmental Protection is hereby issued to you, please implement it carefully.

　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 the State Council

　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　November 24, 2016

(This piece has been deleted)

"Thirteenth Five-Year Plan" for Ecological Environment Protection

Catalogue

　　Chapter I National Ecological Environment Protection Situation

　Section 1 Positive progress has been made in ecological environment protection

　Section 2 Ecological environment is the outstanding shortcoming of building a well-off society in an all-round way

　Section III Opportunities and Challenges Faced by Ecological Environment Protection

Chapter II Guiding Ideology, Basic Principles and Main Objectives

　The first section guiding ideology

　Section 2 Basic Principles

　Section III Main Objectives

Chapter III Strengthening Source Prevention and Control and Consolidating the Foundation of Green Development

　Section 1 Strengthening the Management and Control of Ecological Space

　Section 2 Promoting structural reform on the supply side

　Section III Strengthening the Guidance of Green Science and Technology Innovation

　Section IV Promoting Regional Green Coordinated Development

Chapter IV Deepening Quality Management and Vigorously Implementing Three Action Plans

　Section 1: Improving the quality of atmospheric environment by zoning policies

　In the second quarter, precise efforts were made to improve the quality of water environment

　Section III Classified Prevention and Control of Soil Environmental Pollution

Chapter V Implementing special treatment to comprehensively promote the discharge up to standard and pollution reduction.

　The first section implements the comprehensive discharge plan of industrial pollution sources.

　Section II Deepening the Emission Reduction of Key Pollutants

　Section III Strengthening Infrastructure Construction

　The fourth quarter to speed up the comprehensive management of agricultural and rural environment

Chapter VI Implementing full-process control to effectively prevent and reduce environmental risks.

　Section 1 Improve the risk prevention and control and emergency response system

　Section II Intensifying the Prevention and Control of Heavy Metal Pollution

　Section III Improving the Disposal Level of Hazardous Wastes

　Section IV Consolidate the Foundation of Chemical Risk Prevention and Control

　Section 5 Strengthening Nuclear and Radiation Safety Management

Chapter VII Strengthening protection and ecological restoration.

　Section 1 Maintaining National Ecological Security

　Section II Management and Protection of Key Ecological Areas

　Section III Protection of Important Ecosystems

　The fourth quarter to enhance the function of the ecosystem

　Section 5 Restoration of Ecological Degraded Areas

　Section VI Expanding the Supply of Ecological Products

　Section 7 Protection of Biological Diversity

Chapter VIII Accelerate institutional innovation and actively promote governance system and governance capacity.modernization

　Section 1 Improve the rule of law system

　Section 2 Perfecting the Market Mechanism

　Section III Implementation of Local Responsibilities

　Section IV Strengthening Enterprise Supervision

　Section 5 Implementing National Action

　Section VI Improving Governance Capability

Chapter IX Implementation of a number of major national ecological and environmental protection projects

Chapter X Perfect Planning and Implement Safeguard Measures

　The first section defines the division of tasks

　Section 2 Increase investment

　Section III Strengthening International Cooperation

　Section IV Promoting Pilot Demonstration

　Section 5 Strict evaluation and examination

Chapter I National Ecological Environment Protection Situation

The CPC Central Committee and the State Council attached great importance to the protection of ecological environment. Since the "Twelfth Five-Year Plan", we have resolutely declared war on pollution, made every effort to promote the prevention and control of air, water and soil pollution, continuously strengthened the protection of the ecological environment, improved the quality of the ecological environment, and completed the main goals and tasks set in the "Twelfth Five-Year Plan". During the "Thirteenth Five-Year Plan" period, the problems of unbalanced, uncoordinated and unsustainable economic and social development are still outstanding. Multi-stage, multi-field and multi-type ecological and environmental problems are intertwined, and there is a big gap between the ecological environment and the people’s needs and expectations. Improving environmental quality, strengthening comprehensive management of the ecological environment and speeding up the filling of the shortcomings of the ecological environment are the core tasks at present.

Section 1 Positive progress has been made in ecological environment protection

The construction of ecological civilization has become a national strategy.The CPC Central Committee and the State Council attached great importance to the construction of ecological civilization. General Secretary of the Supreme Leader has repeatedly stressed that "Lucid waters and lush mountains are invaluable assets" should adhere to the basic national policy of saving resources and protecting the environment, and "protect the ecological environment like eyes and treat it like life". Premier Li Keqiang has repeatedly pointed out that it is necessary to intensify comprehensive environmental management, improve the level of ecological civilization, promote green development, and make up his mind to embark on a win-win road of economic development and environmental improvement. Since the 18th National Congress of the Communist Party of China, the CPC Central Committee and the State Council have placed ecological civilization construction in a more important strategic position, incorporated it into the overall layout of "Five in One", made a series of major decisions and arrangements, promulgated the Overall Plan for the Reform of Ecological Civilization System, and implemented the action plan for the prevention and control of air, water and soil pollution. The concept of development, the concept of governance and the concept of nature are internally unified and integrated into the concept of governance and development. The awareness, practice depth and promotion of ecological civilization construction are unprecedented.

The quality of ecological environment has improved.In 2015, fine particulate matter (PM) in 338 cities at prefecture level and above in China2.5The average annual concentration is 50 μ g/m3. Compared with 2013, the average annual concentration of fine particles in the first batch of 74 cities has decreased by 23.6%, and that in Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei, Yangtze River Delta and Pearl River Delta has decreased by 27.4%, 20.9% and 27.7% respectively. The proportion of acid rain areas in the land area has dropped from about 30% of the historical peak to 7.6%, and the prevention and control of air pollution has achieved initial results. The proportion of Class I-III surface water in 1940 state-controlled sections in China increased to 66%, and the proportion of worse than Class V decreased to 9.7%, and the water quality of major rivers and streams improved significantly. The national forest coverage rate increased to 21.66%, the forest stock reached 15.14 billion cubic meters, and the grassland comprehensive vegetation coverage rate was 54%. There are 2,740 nature reserves, accounting for 14.8% of the land area. More than 90% of terrestrial natural ecosystem types, 89% of national key protected wild animals and plants and most important natural relics are protected in nature reserves, and the wild populations of some rare and endangered species such as giant panda, Siberian tiger, crested ibis, Tibetan antelope and Chinese alligator have steadily increased. Desertification and desertification have achieved "double reduction" in area for three consecutive monitoring cycles.

The targets and tasks of pollution control and emission reduction were overfulfilled.By 2015, the capacity of desulfurization and denitrification units in China will increase to 99% and 92% of the total installed capacity of coal-fired power respectively, and the ultra-low emission transformation of coal-fired power units will be completed by 160 million kilowatts. The national urban sewage treatment rate has increased to 92%, and the harmless treatment rate of domestic garbage in urban built-up areas has reached 94.1%. Comprehensive environmental improvement was implemented in 72,000 villages, directly benefiting more than 120 million rural people. 61,000 large-scale farms (communities) have built waste treatment and resource utilization facilities. During the "Twelfth Five-Year Plan" period, the national chemical oxygen demand and the total discharge of ammonia nitrogen, sulfur dioxide and nitrogen oxides decreased by 12.9%, 13%, 18% and 18.6% respectively.

Ecological protection and construction have achieved results.A number of major ecological protection and restoration projects have been implemented steadily, including the protection of natural forest resources, returning farmland to forests and grasslands, returning grazing to grasslands, the construction of shelter forest system, the protection and restoration of rivers, lakes and wetlands, sand prevention and control, soil and water conservation, rocky desertification control, wildlife protection and nature reserve construction. All natural forests in key state-owned forest areas have stopped commercial logging. The area of protected wetlands in China increased by 5,259,400 hectares, and the protection rate of natural wetlands increased to 46.8%. 100,000 square kilometers of desertified land and 266,000 square kilometers of soil erosion were controlled. Complete the investigation and evaluation of the ten-year changes of the national ecological environment (2000-2010) and publish the Red List of Biodiversity in China. More than 4,300 forest parks, wetland parks and desert park have been established. Sixteen provinces (autonomous regions and municipalities) carried out the construction of ecological provinces, more than 1,000 cities (counties and districts) carried out the construction of ecological cities (counties and districts), and 114 cities (counties and districts) were named as national ecological construction demonstration zones. The reform plan of state-owned forest farms and the guidance on the reform of state-owned forest areas were issued and implemented, and six provinces completed the pilot task of state-owned forest farm reform.

The prevention and control of environmental risks has been steadily advanced.By 2015, 50 centralized disposal facilities for hazardous wastes and 273 medical wastes will be basically completed, and all the 6.7 million tons of chromium residue left over from history will be disposed of. The emissions of five heavy metal pollutants, lead, mercury, cadmium, chromium and arsenic, will be reduced by 27.7% compared with 2007, and the number of environmental emergencies involving heavy metals will be greatly reduced. Scientifically respond to the environmental impact of the "812" special major fire and explosion accident in Tianjin Port. The safety level of nuclear facilities has been continuously improved, the management of nuclear technology utilization has become increasingly standardized, and the quality of radiation environment has remained good.

The rule of law in the ecological environment has been continuously improved.The environmental protection law, the air pollution prevention and control law, the regulations on the safety management of radioactive waste, and the ambient air quality standards have been revised, and documents such as the measures for investigating the responsibility for ecological environmental damage have been issued one after another, and the compensation mechanism for ecological protection has been further improved. In-depth implementation of environmental protection law activities and comprehensive environmental protection inspectors. The concept and awareness of the rule of law in the ecological environment of the whole society have been continuously strengthened.

Section 2 Ecological environment is the outstanding shortcoming of building a well-off society in an all-round way

The discharge of pollutants is wide, and the environmental pollution is heavy.The emissions of major pollutants such as chemical oxygen demand and sulfur dioxide in China are still at a high level of about 20 million tons, and the environmental carrying capacity exceeds or approaches the upper limit. 78.4% of the city’s air quality is not up to standard, and the proportion of days with severe or above pollution strongly reflected by the public accounts for 3.2%. Heavy air pollution occurs frequently in some areas in winter. The security level of drinking water sources needs to be improved urgently, the layout of sewage discharge does not match the carrying capacity of water environment, there are a large number of black and odorous water bodies in urban built-up areas, the eutrophication of lakes and reservoirs is still outstanding, and the water pollution in some basins is still serious. The over-standard rate of soil points in China is 16.1%, that of cultivated land is 19.4%, and the problem of soil pollution in industrial and mining wasteland is outstanding. There is a big gap between urban and rural environmental public services, and the task of governance and improvement is arduous.

The landscape, forest, field and lake lack overall protection, and the ecological damage is great.The ecologically fragile areas above moderate level account for 55% of the national land area, and desertification and rocky desertification land account for nearly 20% of the national land area. The trend of low-quality forest system, pure forest structure, inefficient ecological function and artificial natural landscape is intensifying. Every year, about 2 million mu of forest land is illegally occupied, and the national forest volume per unit area is only 78% of the global average. The overall deterioration of grassland ecology in China has not been fundamentally reversed, and the area of moderately and severely degraded grassland still accounts for more than one third, and the restored grassland ecosystem is relatively fragile. In recent years, the national wetland area has decreased by about 5.1 million mu every year, and the survival of more than 900 species of vertebrates and more than 3,700 species of higher plants is threatened. Over-exploitation and utilization of resources has led to prominent ecological damage, and ecological space has been eroded and occupied. In some areas, ecological resources have been seriously damaged, making it more difficult to protect the system.

The industrial structure and layout are unreasonable, and the ecological environment risk is high.China is a big country in chemical production and consumption, and the types of toxic and harmful pollutants are increasing, and the regional, structural and layout environmental risks are increasingly prominent. There are a large number of environmental risk enterprises, which are close to the water and close to the city, and environmental pollution incidents caused by dangerous chemical safety accidents frequently occur. Sudden environmental incidents show the trend of complex causes, diverse pollutants, sensitive geographical influence and expanding influence scope. In the past ten years, there have been more than 7,600 forest fires, and the area of forest diseases and insect pests has exceeded 175 million mu. In recent years, an average of 1 million batches of pests have been intercepted, and the risk of animal and plant infections and quarantine pests being introduced from frontier ports is high.

Section III Opportunities and Challenges Faced by Ecological Environment Protection

During the "Thirteenth Five-Year Plan" period, ecological environmental protection faces important strategic opportunities. We will comprehensively deepen reform and comprehensively promote the rule of law, deepen the implementation of innovation and green development, gradually improve the system and mechanism of ecological civilization construction, and release policy dividends, rule of law dividends and technology dividends for environmental protection. Economic transformation and upgrading, supply-side structural reform have accelerated the resolution of heavy pollution excess capacity, increased the supply of ecological products, and slowed down the pressure of new pollutant discharge. The public’s awareness of ecological environment protection is increasing day by day, and the joint efforts of the whole society to protect the ecological environment are gradually taking shape.

At the same time, the tasks of industrialization, urbanization and agricultural modernization in China have not been completed, and the protection of ecological environment is still under great pressure. With the increasing downward pressure on the economy, the contradiction between development and protection has become more prominent, and investment in environmental protection has weakened in some places, making it an arduous task to further promote environmental governance and quality improvement. The trend of regional ecological environment differentiation appears, the point distribution of pollution turns to surface expansion, and the stability and service function of ecosystems in some areas decline, making it difficult to coordinate and protect. China actively responds to global climate change and promotes the construction of the "Belt and Road". The international community, especially developed countries, requires China to assume more environmental responsibilities, and it is a great challenge to deeply participate in global environmental governance.

During the "Thirteenth Five-Year Plan" period, opportunities and challenges for ecological environmental protection coexist, which is not only a critical period for carrying forward and making great achievements, but also a crucial period and a window period for achieving quality improvement. We should make full use of new opportunities and conditions, properly deal with various risks and challenges, firmly promote ecological environmental protection and improve the quality of the ecological environment.

Chapter II Guiding Ideology, Basic Principles and Main Objectives

The first section guiding ideology

Fully implement the spirit of the 18th National Congress of the Communist Party of China and the Third, Fourth, Fifth and Sixth Plenary Sessions of the 18th Central Committee, thoroughly implement the spirit of the series of important speeches by the Supreme Leader General Secretary and the new ideas, new ideas and new strategies for governing the country under the guidance of Deng Xiaoping Theory, Theory of Three Represents and Scientific Outlook on Development, coordinate and promote the overall layout of "five in one" and the strategic layout of "four comprehensive", and firmly establish and implement the development concept of innovation, coordination, green, openness and sharing. In accordance with the decision-making arrangements of the CPC Central Committee and the State Council, with the improvement of environmental quality as the core, we will implement the strictest environmental protection system, fight three major battles to prevent and control air, water and soil pollution, strengthen ecological protection and restoration, strictly prevent and control ecological environmental risks, accelerate the modernization of national governance system and governance capacity in the field of ecological environment, continuously improve the level of systematic, scientific, legal, refined and information-based ecological environment management, and provide more high-quality ecological products for the people, in order to realize the "two".

Section 2 Basic Principles

Adhere to green development and treat both the symptoms and the root causes.Green to enrich the country and benefit the people, properly handle the relationship between development and protection, and jointly promote new industrialization, urbanization, informationization, agricultural modernization and greening. Adhere to the combination of the present and the long-term, strengthen the combination of ecological environment protection with steady growth, structural adjustment, benefiting people’s livelihood and preventing risks, strengthen source prevention and control, promote structural reform on the supply side, optimize spatial layout, promote the formation of green production and green lifestyle, prevent ecological damage and environmental pollution from the source, increase the intensity of ecological environment management, and promote the harmonious development between man and nature.

Adhere to the quality core and treat it systematically.Guided by solving the outstanding problems of the ecological environment, the objectives and tasks of improving the quality of the ecological environment are defined in different regions, basins and stages. Coordinate the use of structural optimization, pollution control, pollution reduction, up-to-standard discharge, ecological protection and other means, implement a number of major projects, carry out coordinated prevention and control of multiple pollutants, systematically promote ecological restoration and environmental governance, ensure the steady improvement of ecological environment quality, and improve the supply capacity of high-quality ecological products.

Adhere to space control and classified prevention and control.Give priority to ecology, coordinate the management of production, living and ecological space, delimit and strictly observe the red line of ecological protection, and safeguard national ecological security. Establish a management pattern with complete system, clear responsibilities and rights, and effective supervision, implement differentiated management, manage and control by districts, and implement policies by grades and items to improve the level of refined management.

Adhere to reform and innovation and strengthen the rule of law.Promote ecological environmental protection through reform and innovation, change the concept and mode of environmental governance, reform the basic system of ecological environmental governance, establish an enterprise emission permit system covering all fixed pollution sources, implement a vertical management system for monitoring, supervision and law enforcement of environmental protection institutions below the provincial level, and accelerate the formation of a systematic and complete system of ecological civilization system. Strengthen environmental legislation, environmental justice, and environmental law enforcement, strike hard and severely, and promote the whole society to abide by the law. Relying on laws and systems to strengthen ecological environmental protection, to achieve strict prevention at the source, strict management in the process and severe punishment in the consequences.

Insist on performing their duties and social co-governance.Establish a strict responsibility system for ecological environmental protection, rationally divide the central and local environmental protection powers and expenditure responsibilities, and implement the "party and government share responsibility" and "one post and two responsibilities" for ecological environmental protection. Implement the main responsibility of corporate environmental governance, mobilize the whole society to actively participate in ecological environmental protection, encourage and restrain simultaneously, and the government and the market "work together" to form an environmental governance system in which the government, enterprises and the public jointly govern.

Section III Main Objectives

By 2020, the overall quality of the ecological environment will be improved. The green and low-carbon level of production and lifestyle has risen, the total discharge of major pollutants has been greatly reduced, environmental risks have been effectively controlled, the downward trend of biodiversity has been basically controlled, the stability of ecosystems has been significantly enhanced, the ecological security barrier has been basically formed, and significant progress has been made in modernizing the national governance system and governance capacity in the ecological environment field. The level of ecological civilization construction is compatible with the goal of building a well-off society in an all-round way.

Chapter III Strengthening Source Prevention and Control and Consolidating the Foundation of Green Development

Green development is the key to solve the bottleneck of China’s resource and environment constraints from the source and improve the quality of development. It is necessary to innovate regulation methods, strengthen source management, build a green development pattern with ecological space control and guidance, promote supply-side structural reform with ecological environmental protection, lead ecological environmental governance with green scientific and technological innovation, promote green and coordinated development of key areas, accelerate the formation of spatial layout, industrial structure and production and lifestyle that save resources and protect the environment, and protect the ecological environment from the source.

Section 1 Strengthening the Management and Control of Ecological Space

Fully implement the main functional area planning.Strengthen the basic role of main functional areas in the development and protection of land space, and promote the formation of the layout of main functional areas. According to the functional orientation of the main body in different regions, the differentiated ecological environment objectives, governance and protection measures and assessment requirements are formulated. It is forbidden to implement compulsory ecological environmental protection in development areas, strictly control the interference of human factors on the authenticity and integrity of natural ecology and natural cultural heritage, prohibit all kinds of development activities that do not meet the main functional orientation, and guide the gradual and orderly transfer of population. The development intensity of key ecological function areas with limited development has been effectively controlled, forming an environment-friendly industrial structure, maintaining and improving the supply capacity of ecological products, and enhancing the service function of ecosystems. The main agricultural products producing areas with restricted development focus on protecting the soil environment of cultivated land and ensuring the supply, quality and safety of agricultural products. Strengthen environmental management and governance in key development areas, greatly reduce the intensity of pollutant discharge, reduce the impact of industrialization and urbanization on the ecological environment, improve the living environment, and strive to improve environmental quality. Optimize the development area to guide the city’s intensive, compact, green and low-carbon development, expand the green ecological space, and optimize the ecosystem pattern. Implement the planning of marine main functional areas and optimize the development pattern of marine resources.

Delineate and strictly observe the red line of ecological protection.Before the end of 2017, the provinces (cities) along the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region and the Yangtze River Economic Belt will demarcate the red line of ecological protection; Before the end of 2018, other provinces (autonomous regions and municipalities) will delimit the red line of ecological protection; By the end of 2020, the national red line for ecological protection will be delineated and surveyed in an all-round way, and the red line system for ecological protection will be basically established. Formulate ecological protection red line control measures, establish and improve the ecological protection compensation mechanism, and regularly publish information on the protection status of ecological protection red line. The establishment of monitoring system and evaluation system, the provinces (autonomous regions and municipalities) to evaluate the effectiveness of red line protection of ecological protection. Comprehensively safeguard the national ecological security, protect and enhance the functions of forests, grasslands, rivers, lakes, wetlands, oceans and other ecosystems, and improve the supply capacity of high-quality ecological products.

Promote "multi-regulation integration".Based on the planning of the main functional areas, standardize and improve the environmental guidance and control requirements, such as spatial control of ecological environment, control of ecological environment carrying capacity, bottom line control of environmental quality, rigid constraints of strategic environmental assessment and planning environmental assessment, formulate and implement technical specifications for the red line of ecological protection, bottom line of environmental quality, online utilization of resources and negative list of environmental access, and strengthen the ecological environment support of "multi-regulation". Taking city and county administrative districts as a unit, a spatial governance system consisting of spatial planning, use control and differentiated performance evaluation is established. Actively promote the establishment of a national spatial planning system, coordinate all kinds of spatial planning, and promote "multi-regulation integration". To study and formulate guiding opinions on ecological environment protection to promote "multi-regulation integration". Since 2018, research on spatial planning of ecological environment protection in provinces, regions and urban agglomerations has been launched.

Section 2 Promoting structural reform on the supply side

Strengthen environmental hard constraints and promote the elimination of backward and excess capacity.Establish a mechanism for the withdrawal of heavily polluted production capacity and the resolution of excess production capacity, and close down and eliminate enterprises that have exceeded the standard for a long time, enterprises that have no ability to control and have no will to control, and enterprises that have no hope of reaching the standard. Revise and improve the comprehensive list of environmental protection, and promote the elimination of processes, equipment and products with high pollution and high environmental risks. Encourage all localities to formulate policies to eliminate backward production capacity with wider scope and higher standards, and the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region should intensify efforts to eliminate excess production capacity such as steel that cannot meet the discharge standards. According to the carrying capacity of regional resources and environment, the scale limits of papermaking, tanning, printing and dyeing, coking, sulfur smelting, arsenic smelting, oil refining, electroplating, pesticides and other industries in each region are determined. The implementation of new (modified, expanded) construction projects of key pollutants discharge equal or reduced replacement. Adjust and optimize the industrial structure, and replace overcapacity industries such as coal, steel, cement and flat glass with equal or reduced capacity.

Strict environmental protection and energy consumption requirements to promote enterprises to accelerate upgrading.Implement the "double control" action of total energy consumption and intensity, and comprehensively promote energy conservation in key areas such as industry, construction, transportation and public institutions. Strict energy-saving evaluation and review of new projects, strengthen industrial energy-saving supervision, and strengthen energy-saving supervision in the whole process. Traditional manufacturing industries such as iron and steel, nonferrous metals, chemicals, building materials, light industry, textiles, etc. have comprehensively implemented special technical transformations such as improving energy efficiency of motors and transformers, cleaner production, water saving and pollution control, recycling, etc., and implemented key energy-saving projects such as improving system energy efficiency, comprehensively improving energy conservation and environmental protection of coal-fired boilers, green lighting, and warming people with waste heat. Support enterprises to enhance green lean manufacturing capabilities and promote the application of distributed energy in industrial parks and enterprises.

Promote green manufacturing and production and supply of green products.Strengthen the green management of product life cycle from the whole process of design, raw materials, production, procurement, logistics and recycling. Support enterprises to carry out green design, develop green products, improve the standard system of green packaging, and promote packaging reduction, harmlessness and material recycling. Build green factories, develop green industrial parks, build green supply chains, carry out green evaluation and green manufacturing process promotion actions, and comprehensively promote the construction of green manufacturing systems. Strengthen the ability of green supply, integrate the certification of environmental protection, energy saving, water saving, recycling, low carbon, renewable and organic products, and establish a unified system of standards, certification and labeling for green products. Develop ecological agriculture and organic agriculture, accelerate the construction of organic food bases and industrial development, and increase the supply of organic products. By 2020, hundreds of green design demonstration enterprises, hundreds of green demonstration parks and thousands of green demonstration factories will be established, and the green manufacturing system will be basically established.

Promote circular development.Implement the circular development leading plan, promote the centralized disposal of urban low-value waste, carry out the construction of resource recycling demonstration bases and eco-industrial parks, and build a number of national new industrialized industrial demonstration bases and circular economy demonstration cities and counties in the field of circular economy. Implement high-end remanufacturing, intelligent remanufacturing and in-service remanufacturing demonstration projects. Deepen the pilot construction of industrial solid waste comprehensive utilization base, and build a demonstration project for comprehensive utilization of industrial solid waste and resource recycling. Relying on the national "urban mineral" demonstration base, we will cultivate a number of key enterprises for recycling and comprehensive utilization, industrial bases for renewable resources utilization and parks. Improve the recycling network of renewable resources, standardize and improve the management of comprehensive utilization industries such as waste steel, waste tires, waste textiles and clothing, waste plastics and waste power batteries. Try to establish reverse recycling channels, popularize new recycling methods such as "internet plus recycling" and intelligent recycling, and implement the extended producer responsibility system. By 2020, the comprehensive utilization rate of industrial solid waste in China will increase to 73%. Achieve zero growth of chemical fertilizers and pesticides, implement circular agriculture demonstration projects, and promote high-value and industrial utilization of straw. By 2020, the comprehensive utilization rate of straw will reach 85%, and the national modern agricultural demonstration zone and major grain-producing counties will basically realize the recycling of agricultural resources.

Promote the development of energy-saving and environmental protection industries.We will promote the research and development and industrialization of core environmental protection technologies and technologies, complete sets of products, equipment, materials and medicines such as low-carbon cycle, pollution control and emission reduction, monitoring and control, and form a number of competitive leading technologies and products as soon as possible. Encourage the development of energy-saving and environmental protection technical consultation, system design, equipment manufacturing, engineering construction, operation management and other professional services. Vigorously develop the environmental service industry, promote the formation of service markets such as contract energy management, contract water-saving management, third-party monitoring, third-party treatment of environmental pollution and cooperation between government and social capital for environmental protection, and carry out pilot projects of trusteeship services for comprehensive environmental management in small towns and parks. Standardize environmental performance contract management, and gradually establish an environmental service performance evaluation and assessment mechanism. Publish the list of government procurement environmental services. Encourage social capital to invest in environmental protection enterprises and cultivate a number of large-scale energy-saving and environmental protection enterprises and environmental protection brands with international competitiveness. Encourage public entrepreneurship and innovation in the field of ecological and environmental protection. Give full play to the role of environmental protection industry organizations and scientific and technological associations in the process of environmental protection scientific and technological innovation, achievement transformation and industrialization. Improve the industry supervision system, carry out the routine investigation and statistics of environmental protection industry, establish the integrity files of environmental service enterprises, and publish the development report of environmental service industry.

Section III Strengthening the Guidance of Green Science and Technology Innovation

Promote the deep integration of greening and innovation drive.Take greening as an important basis for the country to implement the innovation-driven development strategy and economic transformation and development, and promote the deep integration of greening and emerging technologies in various fields. Develop intelligent green manufacturing technology to promote manufacturing industry to climb to the high end of value chain. Develop eco-green, efficient and safe modern agricultural technologies, and carry out in-depth research and development of technologies such as water-saving agriculture, circular agriculture, organic agriculture, modern forestry and bio-fertilizer to promote agricultural quality, efficiency and sustainable development. Develop safe, clean and efficient modern energy technology and promote the revolution of energy production and consumption. Develop key technologies for resource conservation and recycling, and establish technical systems such as resource utilization of urban domestic waste, recycling of renewable resources, and comprehensive utilization of industrial solid waste. Focus on air, water, soil and other issues, and form a complete set of technologies for source prevention, terminal treatment and ecological environment restoration.

Strengthen the construction of eco-environmental science and technology innovation system.Aiming at the forefront of the world’s eco-environmental science and technology development, based on the strategic requirements of China’s eco-environmental protection, we will highlight independent innovation and comprehensive integration innovation, and accelerate the construction of a national eco-environmental science and technology innovation system with clear levels, clear division of labor, efficient operation and strong support. Focus on establishing the theoretical system of eco-environmental science and technology innovation with scientific research as the guide, the research and development system of eco-environmental technology supported by application demonstration, the environmental benchmark and environmental standard system with human health as the goal, the cultivation system of environmental protection industry with competitiveness as the core, and the environmental protection science and technology management system based on service guarantee. We will implement the project of leading talents in environmental scientific research, strengthen the training of leading talents in environmental protection and top-notch young talents, focus on building a number of innovative talent training bases, and build a number of high-level innovative teams. Support relevant institutions to carry out basic and applied scientific research on environmental protection. Establish and improve the environmental protection professional honor system.

Build an eco-environmental science and technology innovation platform.Coordinate scientific and technological resources and deepen the reform of ecological and environmental protection science and technology system. Strengthen the construction of key laboratories, engineering technology centers, scientific observation and research stations, environmental protection think tanks and other scientific and technological innovation platforms, strengthen technology research and development promotion, and improve the scientific management level. Actively guide enterprises to strengthen cooperation with scientific research institutions, strengthen the role of enterprises as the main body of innovation, and promote the research and development of environmental protection technologies, the transfer and transformation of scientific and technological achievements, and the popularization and application. Promote the establishment of an information platform for environmental protection equipment and service demand and a trading platform for technological innovation transformation. Relying on qualified science and technology industrial parks, we will focus on building environmental protection science and technology innovation experimental zones, environmental protection high-tech industrial zones, environmental protection comprehensive management technical service zones, international environmental protection technical cooperation zones, and environmental protection high-level personnel training and education zones, and establish a number of national environmental protection high-tech industrial development zones.

Implement key ecological and environmental protection science and technology projects.We will continue to implement major national science and technology projects for water pollution control and treatment, and implement key R&D projects such as research on the causes and control technologies of air pollution, research on the restoration and protection of typical fragile ecology, research and development of clean and efficient utilization of coal and new energy-saving technologies, research and development of comprehensive prevention and restoration technologies for agricultural non-point source and heavy metal polluted farmland, and marine environmental security. Carry out pilot demonstrations on the application of environmental pollution prevention and ecological restoration technology in key areas such as Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region, Yangtze River Economic Belt and provinces (autonomous regions and municipalities) along the Belt and Road, and put forward systematic technical solutions for ecological environment management. Create a collaborative innovation community for improving regional environmental quality in Beijing, Tianjin and Hebei, and implement innovative scientific and technological projects for improving regional environmental quality. Innovate the technical methods and governance models for the protection and restoration of ecological barrier belts such as the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau, develop key technologies such as ecological environment monitoring and early warning, ecological restoration, biodiversity protection, ecological protection red line evaluation and management, and ecological corridor construction, and establish a number of scientific and technological demonstration zones for ecological protection and restoration. Support the research and development of environmental monitoring and early warning network systems and key technologies and equipment such as ecology, soil, atmosphere and greenhouse gases, and support the research and development of monitoring, early warning and emergency disposal technologies, remote sensing monitoring technologies, data analysis and service products, and high-end environmental monitoring instruments. Carry out research in the fields of pollution characteristics and environmental effects of hazardous wastes in key industries, traceability and rapid identification of hazardous wastes, risk prevention and control in the whole process, and information management technology, and accelerate the establishment of a technical specification system for hazardous wastes. Establish a system of methods, procedures and technical specifications for environmental and health risk assessment of chemicals.Strengthen the decision-making of eco-environmental management to support scientific research, and carry out research and application of multi-pollutant collaborative control, eco-environmental system simulation, pollution source analysis, eco-environmental protection planning, eco-environmental damage assessment, grid management, green GDP accounting and other technical methods.

Improve the environmental standards and technical policy system.Study and formulate environmental standards, revise soil environmental quality standards, improve the emission standard system of volatile organic compounds, and strictly implement pollutant emission standards. Accelerate the formulation, revision and implementation of pollutant emission standards for motor vehicles and non-road mobile sources and quality standards for fuel products. Release and implement the emission limits and measurement methods of marine engine exhaust pollutants (Phase I and II in China), emission limits and measurement methods of light and heavy vehicles (Phase VI in China), emission limits and measurement methods of motorcycles and mopeds (Phase IV in China) and emission standards of livestock and poultry breeding pollutants. Revise the emission standards of motor vehicles in use, and strive to implement the national IV emission standards for non-road mobile machinery. Improve the technical policy of environmental protection and establish technical specifications for the supervision of ecological protection red line. Improve the evaluation index system of cleaner production in key industries such as steel, cement and chemical industry. Accelerate the formulation and improvement of technical policies in key industries such as electric power, metallurgy and non-ferrous metals, as well as in key areas such as urban and rural garbage disposal, pollution prevention of motor vehicles, boats and off-road mobile machinery, and agricultural non-point source pollution prevention. Establish harmless management standards and technical systems for hazardous waste utilization and disposal.

Section IV Promoting Regional Green Coordinated Development

Promote the green and coordinated development of the four regions.The western region should adhere to ecological priority, strengthen ecological environmental protection, enhance the function of ecological security barrier, build ecological product supply areas, and rationally develop strategic resources such as oil, coal and natural gas, as well as characteristic resources such as eco-tourism and agricultural and livestock products. Northeast China should strengthen the protection of forest ecosystems such as Daxing ‘anling and Changbai Mountain, and the construction of sand control belts in the north, strengthen the soil environmental protection of wetlands and agricultural land in the northeast plain, and promote the revitalization of old industrial bases. Based on the carrying capacity of resources and environment, the central region should undertake industrial transfer in an orderly manner, promote the construction of Poyang Lake, Dongting Lake ecological economic zone and Hanjiang River and Huaihe River ecological economic zones, study and build a number of ecological corridors along river basins and traffic passages, and strengthen the protection and governance of water environment. The eastern region should expand the ecological space, improve the utilization efficiency of environmental resources, accelerate the industrial upgrading, and take the lead in improving the quality of the ecological environment.

Promote the green construction of the "Belt and Road".Strengthen existing multi-bilateral cooperation mechanisms such as China, Russia, China and Kazakhstan, China-ASEAN and Shanghai Cooperation Organization, actively carry out environmental cooperation between Lancang River and Mekong River, carry out all-round and multi-channel dialogue and exchange activities, strengthen exchanges and cooperation with environmental officials, scholars and youth of countries along the route, carry out ecological and environmental protection public welfare activities, implement the Green Silk Road Messenger Plan, and share China’s ideas and practical experiences of ecological civilization and green development. Establish and improve the management system of green investment and green trade, and implement the environmental protection guidelines for foreign investment cooperation. Carry out the construction of technical cooperation parks and demonstration bases for environmental protection industry, and promote the environmental protection industry to go global. Establish green brands with high-quality production capacity such as railways, electric power, automobiles, communications, new energy and steel in China. Promote the upgrading and innovation of industrial structure in provinces (autonomous regions and municipalities) along the "Belt and Road" and promote the extension of the green industrial chain; Carry out environmental assessment of key strategies and key projects to improve the ability to prevent and respond to ecological and environmental risks. Compile and implement the regional ecological and environmental protection plan along the "Belt and Road" in China.

Promote coordinated protection in Beijing, Tianjin and Hebei.Based on the carrying capacity of resources and environment, optimize the layout of economic development and ecological environment functions, and expand environmental capacity and ecological space. Accelerate the green transformation of traditional manufacturing industry in Tianjin. Promote Hebei to undertake the transfer of Beijing’s non-capital functions and the transformation of Beijing-Tianjin scientific and technological achievements in an orderly manner. Strengthen regional environmental cooperation, jointly carry out pollution control of air, rivers and lakes, strengthen the construction of regional ecological barriers, jointly build Bashang Plateau ecological protection zone and Yanshan-Taihang Mountain ecological conservation zone, and promote the wide application of new energy sources such as photovoltaics. Innovate the mechanism of eco-environment linkage management, build a regional integrated eco-environment monitoring network, eco-environment information network and eco-environment emergency warning system, establish a regional eco-environmental coordination mechanism, a unified water resources allocation system, and a cross-regional joint supervision and law enforcement mechanism, and establish and improve a regional ecological protection compensation mechanism and a cross-regional emission trading market. By 2020, the eco-environmental protection cooperation mechanism in Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region will operate effectively, and the eco-environmental quality will be significantly improved.

Promote the Yangtze River Economic Belt and jointly protect it.Give priority to protecting and restoring the ecological environment of the Yangtze River, promote the construction of ecological civilization in the Yangtze River Economic Belt, and build a green ecological corridor with clear water, clear land and blue sky. Coordinate water resources, water environment and water ecology, promote the coordinated development of the upper, middle and lower reaches, the interactive cooperation between the eastern, central and western regions, strengthen the linkage between cross-departmental and cross-regional supervision and emergency coordination, take the implementation of major ecological restoration projects as a priority option to promote the development projects of the Yangtze River Economic Belt, and pay great attention to protection instead of large-scale development. Coordinate the rich and diverse ecological elements of rivers and lakes, and build an ecological security pattern with the main and tributaries of the Yangtze River as meridians, landscapes, forests and lakes as an organic whole, harmonious relationship between rivers and lakes, excellent water quality in the basin, sufficient ecological flow, effective soil and water conservation and diverse biological species. In the upstream area, water conservation, soil and water conservation function and biodiversity protection should be strengthened, water resources should be rationally developed and utilized, and the ecological impact of hydropower development should be strictly controlled; The middle reaches focus on coordinating the relationship between rivers and lakes to ensure the water quality safety of Danjiangkou Reservoir; The downstream area will accelerate industrial transformation and upgrading, focus on the restoration of degraded water ecosystems, strengthen the protection of drinking water sources, strictly control the occupation of ecological space around towns, and carry out water pollution control in river network areas. Properly handle the relationship between rivers and lakes, implement joint dispatching of reservoirs in the main stream of the Yangtze River, the "Four Rivers" in the upper reaches of Dongting Lake and the "Five Rivers" in the upper reaches of Poyang Lake, and ensure the ecological flow of the main tributaries of the Yangtze River and the ecological water level of the two lakes. Overall planning, intensive use of the Yangtze River shoreline resources, control the intensity of shoreline development. Strengthen cross-border water quality section assessment and promote collaborative governance.

Chapter IV Deepening Quality Management and Vigorously Implementing Three Action Plans

Focusing on improving environmental quality, we will promote joint prevention and control and river basin governance, and formulate construction drawings for three major pollution prevention and control action plans: air, water and soil. According to the regional, watershed and type differences, we should implement multi-pollutant collaborative control to improve the pertinence and effectiveness of control measures. Implement the bottom line management of environmental quality, strive to achieve environmental quality standards in stages, and implement the list of governance responsibilities to solve outstanding environmental problems around the masses.

Section 1: Improving the quality of atmospheric environment by zoning policies

Implement the target management of atmospheric environmental quality and the plan of reaching the standard within a time limit.All provinces (autonomous regions and municipalities) should carry out situation analysis, regularly assess and publish atmospheric environmental quality information according to the national atmospheric environmental quality standards. Strengthen the process management of objectives and tasks, further promote the withdrawal of excess capacity in heavily polluting industries such as steel and cement, vigorously promote the use of clean energy, promote the upgrading of motor vehicles and oil products standards, strengthen the quality supervision of energy products such as oil products, strengthen the pollution control of mobile sources, and increase the pollution control of urban dust and scattered sources and domestic sources of small and micro enterprises. In-depth implementation of the Action Plan for the Prevention and Control of Air Pollution, the emissions of sulfur dioxide, nitrogen oxides and particulate matter will be greatly reduced, the prevention and control of volatile organic compounds will be launched in an all-round way, and the pilot of atmospheric ammonia emission control will be carried out, so that the concentrations of sulfur dioxide and carbon monoxide in cities at prefecture level and above will all meet the standards, the concentrations of fine particulate matter and inhalable particulate matter will drop significantly, the concentration of nitrogen dioxide will continue to drop, and the concentration of ozone will remain stable and strive to improve. The implementation of urban atmospheric environmental quality target management, the city has reached the standard, should strengthen protection and continuous improvement; Cities that fail to meet the standards shall determine the time limit for reaching the standards, announce it to the public, formulate and implement the plan for reaching the standards within the time limit, and clarify the timetable, road map and key tasks for reaching the standards.

Strengthen the response to heavy polluted weather.Strengthen the operation and management of air quality forecasting centers at all levels, improve the accuracy of forecasting, release air quality forecasting information in a timely manner, and realize the nationwide sharing and online release of forecasting information. Improve the regional joint early warning mechanism for severe and above polluted weather, and strengthen the ability to predict and forecast atmospheric environmental quality in Northeast China, Northwest China, Chengdu-Chongqing and Central China. Improve the emergency plan system, formulate technical regulations for evaluating the implementation of emergency plans for heavily polluted weather, and strengthen the inspection and evaluation of the implementation of the plans. All provinces (autonomous regions and municipalities) and cities at or above the prefecture level shall timely revise emergency plans for heavy polluted weather, carry out analysis on the causes of heavy polluted weather and the sources of pollutants, scientifically formulate targeted emission reduction measures, and update the list of emergency emission reduction measures every year. Start emergency response measures in time to improve the effectiveness of heavy pollution weather response. Strengthen supervision and supervision, and interview, notify and supervise local governments that are not timely and have ineffective measures as appropriate.

Deepen joint prevention and control of regional air pollution.Comprehensively deepen the joint prevention and control of air pollution in Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei and surrounding areas, the Yangtze River Delta and the Pearl River Delta, establish a normalized regional cooperation mechanism, and unify planning, standards, monitoring and prevention in the region. Formulate and implement unified environmental protection standards, sewage charging policies and energy consumption policies for key industries and fields, and unify the management standards for obsolete vehicles and vehicles in use. The total coal consumption should be strictly controlled in key areas. The Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region, Shandong, Yangtze River Delta, Pearl River Delta and other regions, as well as the top 10 cities with poor air quality rankings, which are greatly affected by coal burning, should achieve negative growth in coal consumption. Promote the accelerated elimination of old vehicles and ships and the transformation of anti-pollution facilities and equipment through market-oriented methods, and strengthen the supervision of environmental protection standards for newly produced motor vehicles and off-road mobile machinery. We will carry out clean diesel engines, strengthen the management of high-emission construction machinery, heavy-duty diesel vehicles and agricultural machinery, carry out environmental inspection of diesel vehicle registration in key areas, and carry out environmental inspection of freight vehicles, passenger vehicles and buses at home. Increase the proportion of new energy vehicles in public vehicles, and cities with conditions will basically realize the new energy of public transportation before the end of 2017. Implement the management policies of ship emission control zones in the Pearl River Delta, Yangtze River Delta and Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei waters around Bohai Sea, give priority to the use of shore power for ships berthing in Hong Kong, build remote sensing monitoring sites for ship air pollutant emission and oil quality monitoring, carry out ship emission monitoring and joint supervision in the ship emission control zones, and build a supervision system for motor vehicles, ships and oil products to meet environmental standards. Accelerate the upgrading of non-road mobile source oil products.Strengthen the supervision and comprehensive management of urban roads, construction and other dust.

Significantly reduce the concentration of particulate matter in Beijing, Tianjin and Hebei and surrounding areas.Focusing on Beijing, Baoding and Langfang, we will focus on loose coal control in winter, comprehensive management of key industries, motor vehicle supervision and heavy pollution weather response, strengthen the management and supervision of overhead sources, and improve regional air quality. Increase the proportion of external power transmission, increase the supply of non-fossil energy, implement natural gas instead of coal projects in key cities, promote electricity to replace coal, and greatly reduce the use of loose coal in winter. During the "Thirteenth Five-Year Plan" period, the total coal consumption of five provinces (cities) in Beijing, Tianjin, Hebei, Shandong and Henan decreased by about 10%. Accelerate the construction of vehicle emission monitoring platform in the region, focusing on heavy-duty diesel vehicles and high-emission vehicles. By 2020, the pollution situation of regional fine particles will be significantly improved, and the ozone concentration will be basically stable.

Obviously reduce the concentration of fine particles in the Yangtze River Delta region.Accelerate the adjustment of industrial structure, and eliminate substandard production capacity such as energy consumption and environmental protection according to law. During the "Thirteenth Five-Year Plan" period, the total coal consumption of Shanghai, Jiangsu, Zhejiang and Anhui provinces (cities) decreased by about 5%, and coal-fired boilers below 35 tons were basically eliminated in the built-up areas of cities at prefecture level and above. Comprehensively promote the comprehensive improvement of volatile organic compounds in oil refining, petrochemical, industrial painting, printing and other industries. By 2020, the concentration of fine particles in the Yangtze River Delta region will drop significantly, and the ozone concentration will be basically stable.

Vigorously promote the Pearl River Delta region to take the lead in achieving the basic standard of atmospheric environmental quality.Coordinate the prevention and control of fine particulate matter and ozone pollution, focusing on the coordinated control of volatile organic compounds and nitrogen oxides. Accelerate the industrial transformation and upgrading in the region, adjust and optimize the energy structure, implement central heating in industrial parks and industrial clusters, and develop large gas-fired heating boilers conditionally. During the "Thirteenth Five-Year Plan" period, the total coal consumption in the Pearl River Delta region decreased by about 10%. Focus on promoting petrochemical, chemical, oil storage and transportation, automobile manufacturing, shipbuilding (maintenance), container manufacturing, printing, furniture manufacturing, shoe-making and other industries to carry out comprehensive remediation of volatile organic compounds. By 2020, the atmospheric environmental quality in the Pearl River Delta region will basically reach the standard, and severe and above polluted weather will basically be eliminated.

In the second quarter, precise efforts were made to improve the quality of water environment

Implement water environment quality target management based on control unit.According to the main functional area planning and administrative division, the land control unit is delineated, and a three-level zoning system of river basin, water ecological control area and water environment control unit is established. Implement the target management of watershed water environment quality based on the control unit as the spatial basis, the cross-section water quality as the management objective, and the sewage permit system as the core. Optimize the monitoring network of the water quality section of the control unit, establish the feedback mechanism of the water quality response of the control unit, clearly divide the responsibility of the water environment quality of the control unit, and strictly control the pollutant discharge. Fully implement the "river length system". In the Yellow River, Huaihe River and other river basins, the ecological flow (water level) is determined scientifically by stages, which is an important reference for river basin water regulation. In-depth implementation of the Water Pollution Prevention Action Plan, the implementation of the pollution control responsibility of the control unit, and the completion of the objectives and tasks. The control unit that mainly discharges stationary pollution sources shall determine the emission control targets of key water pollutants and major pollutants exceeding the standard in the region and river basin, implement the pollutant discharge permit based on the requirements of improving water quality, and implement the pollution control tasks one by one to all pollutant discharge units (including sewage treatment plants and large-scale livestock and poultry breeding units with discharge outlets) in the control unit. For control units with non-point source (dispersed source) pollution or serious water shortage, measures such as policy incentives, strengthening supervision and ensuring ecological base flow should be adopted to improve the water ecological environment. Since 2017, all provinces should regularly disclose the target management of water environmental quality of control units to the public.

Implement comprehensive management of river basin pollution.Implementation of water pollution prevention and control planning in key river basins. Governments and departments at all levels in the upper and lower reaches of the river basin should strengthen coordination and cooperation, hold regular consultations, and implement joint monitoring, joint law enforcement, emergency response and information sharing. Strengthen the systematic protection of the Yangtze River basin, increase the protection of aquatic biodiversity, and strengthen the prevention and control of water traffic and ship port pollution. Implement comprehensive control of total phosphorus pollution in Minjiang River, Tuojiang River, Wujiang River, Qingshui River and Yichang section of the main stream of the Yangtze River, and effectively control total phosphorus pollution in Guizhou, Sichuan, Hubei and Yunnan. Taihu Lake adheres to comprehensive management, enhances the ecosystem function of the basin, prevents the outbreak of cyanobacteria and ensures the safety of drinking water; Chaohu Lake strengthens the total control of nitrogen and phosphorus, improves the water quality of rivers entering the lake and restores the ecological function of the lakeside; Dianchi Lake will strengthen the total control of nitrogen and phosphorus, focus on preventing and controlling urban sewage and agricultural non-point source pollution from entering the lake, carry out ecological restoration step by step, and gradually restore the aquatic ecosystem. Haihe River Basin emphasizes water saving and reclaimed water utilization, strengthens cross-border water treatment, focuses on urban and rural black and odorous water bodies, and ensures the ecological water demand of Baiyangdian Lake, Hengshui Lake and Yongding River. The Huaihe River Basin has greatly reduced the emission intensity of pollutants from industries such as papermaking, fertilizer and brewing, effectively controlled ammonia nitrogen pollution, continuously improved the water quality of tributaries such as Honghe, Guohe, Yinghe, Huiji and Baohe, and effectively prevented and controlled sudden pollution incidents. The Yellow River Basin focuses on controlling the emissions of coal chemical and petrochemical enterprises, continuously improving the water quality of tributaries such as Fenhe River, Sushui River, General Drainage, Dahei River, Wuliangsuhai River and Huangshui River, and reducing the water environmental risks in the middle and upper reaches. Songhua River basin has continuously improved the water quality of tributaries such as Ashe River and Yitong River.Focus on solving pollution problems in petrochemical, brewing, pharmaceutical, paper and other industries, increase water ecological protection, further increase the number of wild fish populations, and accelerate the restoration of wetland ecosystems. The Liaohe River Basin has greatly reduced the emission intensity of pollutants from petrochemical, paper-making, chemical, agricultural and sideline food processing industries, continuously improved the water quality of tributaries such as Hunhe River, Taizi River, Tiaozi River and Zhaosutai River, significantly restored the aquatic ecosystem and fully restored the wetland ecosystem. Establish and improve the joint pollution prevention and control systems in Guangdong, Guangxi and Yunnan in the Pearl River Basin, focusing on ensuring the water quality safety of Dongjiang and Xijiang rivers and improving the water ecological environment in the Pearl River Delta region.

Give priority to protecting good water bodies.Implement the whole process supervision from water source to faucet, and continuously improve the level of drinking water safety. Local people’s governments at all levels and water supply units should regularly monitor, test and evaluate the drinking water safety status of drinking water sources, water supply plant effluent and user tap water quality within their respective administrative areas. Cities at or above the prefecture level will disclose information on drinking water safety to the public every quarter, and cities at or above the county level will be open to the public every quarter from 2018. Carry out standardized construction of drinking water sources and clean up illegal buildings and sewage outlets in drinking water source protection areas according to law. Strengthen the protection of rural drinking water sources and implement the consolidation and upgrading project of rural drinking water safety. All provinces (autonomous regions and municipalities) should basically complete the delineation of centralized drinking water source protection areas in towns and above before the end of 2017, and carry out regular monitoring, investigation and evaluation. By 2020, the water quality of centralized drinking water sources in prefecture-level and above cities will reach or be better than Class III, and the proportion will be higher than 93%. Carry out ecological environment safety assessment on the source of rivers and the rivers, lakes and reservoirs with current water quality reaching or better than Class III, and formulate and implement ecological environment protection plans. Dongjiang, Luanhe, Qiandao Lake and Nansi Lake will be completed before the end of 2017. Seven key river basins have formulated and implemented aquatic biodiversity protection programs.

Promote comprehensive prevention and control of groundwater pollution.Regularly investigate and evaluate the environmental conditions of centralized groundwater drinking water source replenishment areas and areas around pollution sources. Strengthen the supervision of groundwater environment in key industries and take prevention and control measures to effectively reduce the risk of groundwater pollution. Publish a list of groundwater contaminated plots, control risks, and carry out pilot projects for groundwater pollution remediation. By 2020, the increasing trend of groundwater pollution in China will be initially curbed, and the proportion of groundwater with extremely poor quality will be controlled at around 15%.

Vigorously rectify urban black and odorous water bodies.Establish a list of heavily polluted water bodies such as black and odorous water bodies in built-up areas of cities at or above the prefecture level, formulate remediation plans, refine phased objectives and task arrangements, and announce the annual progress of remediation and water quality improvement to the public. Establish a national regulatory platform for urban black and odorous water remediation, publish a national list of black and odorous water bodies, and accept public comments. Cities publish the list of black and odorous water bodies, the deadline for remediation, the responsible person, the progress and effect of remediation in the local mainstream media; Establish a long-term mechanism to carry out daily maintenance and supervision of water bodies. By the end of 2017, black and odorous water bodies will be basically eliminated in the built-up areas of municipalities directly under the central government, provincial capital cities and cities with separate plans, and other prefecture-level cities will realize no large-scale floating objects on the river surface, no garbage on the river banks and no illegal sewage outlets; By 2020, the proportion of black and odorous water bodies in the built-up areas of cities at prefecture level and above will be controlled within 10%, and other cities will strive to eliminate severe black and odorous water bodies to a large extent.

Improve the ecological environment quality of estuaries and coastal waters.We will implement pollution prevention and control programs in coastal waters and intensify pollution control in coastal waters such as the Bohai Sea and the East China Sea. Strengthen the supervision of pollution sources directly discharged into the sea and coastal industrial parks, and prevent and control land-based oil spills in coastal areas from polluting the sea. Carry out ballast water and pollutant treatment for ships sailing internationally. Standardize the setting of sewage outlets into the sea, and comprehensively clean up illegal or unreasonable sewage outlets into the sea before the end of 2017. By 2020, rivers in coastal provinces (autonomous regions and municipalities) will basically eliminate water bodies inferior to Class V. We will implement comprehensive management of the Blue Bay, focusing on the pollution control of estuaries and bays such as the Yellow River Estuary, the Yangtze River Estuary, the Minjiang River Estuary, the Pearl River Estuary, Liaodong Bay, Bohai Bay, Jiaozhou Bay, Hangzhou Bay and Beibu Gulf. Strict fishing ban measures. Control the density of offshore aquaculture, promote ecological and healthy aquaculture, vigorously carry out the proliferation and release of aquatic organisms, and strengthen the construction of artificial reefs and marine pastures. Strengthen the ecological protection and restoration of coastal areas, implement the wetland restoration project of "South Red Willow and North Willow", and strictly control the reclamation activities in ecologically sensitive areas. By 2020, the national natural coastline (excluding island coastline) will be maintained at a rate of not less than 35%, and 1,000 kilometers of coastline will be rehabilitated. We will build a number of marine nature reserves, special marine reserves and aquatic germplasm conservation zone, implement ecological island reef projects and strengthen the protection of rare marine species.

Section III Classified Prevention and Control of Soil Environmental Pollution

Promote the construction of basic investigation and monitoring networks.We will fully implement the Action Plan for Soil Pollution Prevention and Control, focus on agricultural land and land used by enterprises in key industries, carry out detailed investigation of soil pollution, find out the area and distribution of soil pollution in agricultural land and its impact on the quality of agricultural products before the end of 2018, and master the distribution of contaminated plots and their environmental risks in land used by enterprises in key industries before the end of 2020. Carry out risk investigation in areas where soil environmental problems are concentrated, such as dismantling of electronic waste, recycling of waste plastics, informal landfills and tailings ponds left over from history, and establish a risk control list. Unified planning, integration and optimization of soil environmental quality monitoring points. Give full play to the role of the industry monitoring network, support local governments to supplement and increase the number of monitoring points, increase the monitoring items of characteristic pollutants, and increase the monitoring frequency. By the end of 2017, the national monitoring points of soil environmental quality will be set up, and the national soil environmental quality monitoring network will be built, basically forming the soil environmental monitoring capacity; By 2020, all counties (cities, districts) will be fully covered by soil environmental quality monitoring points.

Implement classified management of agricultural land soil environment.According to the degree of pollution, agricultural land is divided into three categories, unpolluted and slightly polluted are classified as priority protection categories, lightly and moderately polluted are classified as safe use categories, and heavily polluted are classified as strict control categories, and corresponding management measures are taken respectively. The people’s governments at the provincial level shall give early warning and remind the counties (cities, districts) where the area of priority protected cultivated land is reduced or the quality of soil environment is declining within their respective administrative areas, and take restrictive measures such as environmental impact assessment and approval restriction according to law. The qualified priority protected cultivated land will be classified as permanent basic farmland, and strict protection will be implemented to ensure that its area will not decrease and the quality of soil environment will not decline. According to the situation of soil pollution and agricultural products exceeding the standard, counties (cities, districts) with concentrated safe use of cultivated land should formulate and implement the safe use plan of contaminated cultivated land in combination with local main crop varieties and planting habits, and take measures such as agronomic regulation and alternative planting to reduce the risk of agricultural products exceeding the standard. We will strengthen the use management of strictly controlled cultivated land, designate areas where specific agricultural products are prohibited from production according to law, and prohibit the cultivation of edible agricultural products, and continue to carry out pilot projects for the restoration of cultivated land contaminated by heavy metals and the adjustment of crop planting structure in Changsha, Zhuzhou and Xiangtan, Hunan. By 2020, the planting structure of heavily polluted cultivated land will be adjusted or the area of returning farmland to forests and grasslands will strive to reach 20 million mu.

Strengthen environmental risk control of construction land.Establish a compulsory investigation and evaluation system for soil environmental quality of construction land. Construct a management and policy system that integrates the quality of soil environment, the restoration of contaminated plots and the re-development and utilization of land. Since 2017, the land use right holder shall be responsible for the investigation and evaluation of the soil environmental conditions of the enterprises in the industries of non-ferrous metal smelting, petroleum processing, chemical industry, coking, electroplating, tanning, etc., and the above-mentioned enterprises whose uses are to be changed to public facilities such as residence, business, schools, medical care and pension institutions; Has been recovered, by the local city and county people’s government is responsible for the investigation and evaluation. Incorporate the requirements of soil environmental management of construction land into urban planning and land supply management, and land development and utilization must meet the requirements of soil environmental quality. For the polluted plots that are not developed and utilized temporarily or do not have the conditions for remediation at this stage, the local people’s government at the county level shall organize the delineation of control areas, set up signs, issue announcements, and carry out environmental monitoring of soil, surface water, groundwater and air.

Carry out soil pollution control and remediation.For typical polluted agricultural land and contaminated plots, we will implement 200 pilot projects for the application of soil pollution control and remediation technologies in batches, and accelerate the establishment and improvement of technical systems. Since 2017, all localities should gradually establish a list of contaminated land and its negative list of development and utilization, and reasonably determine the land use. Cities with concentrated distribution of polluted plots such as Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei, Yangtze River Delta, Pearl River Delta, northeast old industrial base areas and mineral resource-exhausted cities should carry out standardized and orderly treatment and restoration of reclaimed polluted plots. Provinces (autonomous regions and municipalities) with concentrated distribution of polluted farmland such as the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River, Chengdu Plain and Pearl River Basin should prepare and implement pollution farmland control and restoration plans before the end of 2018. Before the end of 2017, the measures for the lifelong accountability of the responsible parties for soil pollution control and remediation will be issued. Establish a supervision system for the whole process of soil pollution control and remediation, strictly review the remediation plan, strengthen the supervision and inspection of the remediation process, and carry out third-party evaluation of remediation effectiveness.

Strengthen the prevention and control of soil pollution in key areas.The Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region focuses on the contaminated plots left by the city’s "retreat from two to three", strictly controls the risk of soil environment in the development and utilization of construction land, and increases the monitoring and supervision of soil environment in sewage irrigation areas and facilities agriculture concentrated areas. Northeast China has strengthened the protection of black land, and adopted measures such as returning straw to the field, increasing the application of organic fertilizer, and rotating fallow to implement comprehensive management. In the Pearl River Delta region, the environmental supervision on the development and utilization of polluted plots is strengthened, focusing on the polluted plots left by heavily polluting enterprises such as chemical industry, electroplating, printing and dyeing. In Xiangjiang River Basin, heavy metal pollution such as cadmium and arsenic is the focus, and measures such as agronomic regulation, planting structure adjustment and returning farmland to forest and grassland are taken to strictly control the risk of agricultural products exceeding the standard. The southwestern region focuses on the prevention and control of environmental pollution risks caused by the development of mineral resources such as nonferrous metals and phosphate rocks, and strengthens the treatment of soil pollution left over from history such as phosphorus, mercury and lead. In Taizhou, Zhejiang Province, Huangshi, Hubei Province, Changde, Hunan Province, Shaoguan, Guangdong Province, Hechi, Guangxi Province, Tongren, Guizhou Province and other six regions, the construction of comprehensive soil pollution prevention and control pilot areas was started.

Chapter V Implementing special treatment to comprehensively promote the discharge up to standard and pollution reduction.

Taking the discharge of pollution sources as the bottom line and the promotion of key projects as the starting point, we will reform and improve the total amount control system, promote the coordinated pollution control and emission reduction of multi-pollutants in the industry, strengthen urban and rural overall management, strictly control the increment, greatly reduce the stock of pollutants and reduce the pressure on the ecological environment.

The first section implements the comprehensive discharge plan of industrial pollution sources.

Industrial pollution sources will be fully monitored and information disclosed.Industrial enterprises should establish an environmental management ledger system, carry out self-monitoring, truthfully declare, and those belonging to key pollutant discharge units should also fulfill their information disclosure obligations according to law. Standardized rectification of sewage outlets will be implemented. Before the end of 2018, industrial enterprises should further standardize the setting of sewage outlets and prepare annual pollution discharge status reports. Sewage enterprises shall fully implement online monitoring, and local people’s governments at all levels shall improve the mechanism of excessive discharge and abnormal alarm of pollutants from key sewage units, gradually realize the unified collection and public release of monitoring data of industrial pollution sources, continuously strengthen social supervision, and supervise and inspect the performance of enterprises’ law-abiding commitments. Before the end of 2019, establish a national environmental supervision information platform for industrial enterprises.

Investigate and publish the list of substandard industrial pollution sources.All localities should strengthen supervision and inspection of industrial pollution sources, comprehensively promote the "double random" spot check system, implement color evaluation of environmental credit, and encourage the exploration and implementation of quantitative management of enterprises’ excessive emission scores. Give a "yellow card" warning to enterprises whose pollutant emissions exceed the standard or whose key pollutants exceed the total amount, and restrict production or stop production for rectification; Enterprises that still can’t meet the requirements after rectification and the circumstances are serious will be punished with "red card" and closed down within a time limit. Starting from 2017, local people’s governments at all levels shall formulate a comprehensive discharge plan for industrial pollution sources in their respective administrative areas, set annual work targets, and publish a list of "yellow card" and "red card" enterprises to the society every quarter. The Ministry of Environmental Protection will intensify spot checks and verification, and notify and supervise local governments in areas where enterprises exceed the standard and where enterprises exceed the standard are concentrated.

Implement the transformation of enterprises in key industries to meet the emission standards within a time limit.Establish a mechanism for open selection, popularization and application of practical technologies for pollution control in different industries, and release pollution control technologies in key industries. We will formulate and implement rectification plans for key industries within a time limit in different basins and regions, upgrade and transform environmental protection facilities, intensify inspection and verification, and ensure stable compliance. Focus on steel, cement, petrochemical, non-ferrous metals, glass, coal-fired boilers, paper making, printing and dyeing, chemical industry, coking, nitrogen fertilizer, agricultural and sideline food processing, raw material medicine manufacturing, leather making, pesticides, electroplating and other industries, and promote the transformation of industry emission standards.

Improve centralized sewage treatment facilities in industrial parks.Implement "sewage separation and rain sewage separation" to realize classified collection and quality treatment of wastewater. Enterprises entering the park should be connected to centralized sewage treatment facilities for treatment after reaching the national or local discharge standards. The total discharge port of centralized sewage treatment facilities in the park should be equipped with automatic monitoring system and video monitoring system, and connected with the competent department of environmental protection. Demonstration of standardized transformation of centralized sewage treatment in industrial parks.

Section II Deepening the Emission Reduction of Key Pollutants

Reform and improve the total control system.Focusing on improving environmental quality, focusing on major emission reduction projects, combining up and down, scientifically determining total control requirements and implementing differentiated management. Optimize the total emission reduction accounting system, implement verification accounting with the provincial level as the main body, promote independent emission reduction management, and encourage measures to continuously and effectively improve environmental quality to be included in emission reduction accounting. Strengthen the scheduling of major ecological and environmental protection projects, early warning and notification of areas with lagging progress, and take the initiative to disclose the emission reduction projects and indicators in various places to the public. The assessment of total emission reduction is subject to the assessment of environmental quality, focusing on the areas where the environmental quality does not meet the standard and the emission reduction data is obviously inconsistent with the changing trend of environmental quality. According to the environmental protection supervision, daily supervision and inspection and the implementation of pollutant discharge permits, the provinces (autonomous regions and municipalities) will implement "double random" spot checks on the management of independent emission reduction. Vigorously promote regional and industrial total control, encourage local governments to implement total control of characteristic pollutants, and incorporate them into local national economic and social development plans.

Promote the construction of pollution control and emission reduction projects.All provinces (autonomous regions and municipalities) should formulate and implement special treatment plans for ten key water-related industries such as papermaking, printing and dyeing, and greatly reduce the intensity of pollutant discharge. Power, steel, textile, paper making, petroleum and petrochemical, chemical industry, food fermentation and other high water-consuming industries have reached advanced quota standards. Focusing on the ultra-low emission transformation of coal-fired power plants, we will comprehensively control key industries such as electric power, steel, building materials, petrochemicals and non-ferrous metals, and implement coordinated control of multiple pollutants such as sulfur dioxide, nitrogen oxides, smoke dust and heavy metals. All provinces (autonomous regions and municipalities) should formulate special treatment plans and make them public before the end of 2017, and publicly expose the projects that are not in place. Formulate pollution control technical policies by industry, and cultivate demonstration enterprises and demonstration projects.

Control the emission of volatile organic compounds from key industries in key areas.Comprehensively strengthen the control of volatile organic compounds in key industries such as petrochemical, organic chemical, surface coating, packaging and printing. The provinces with serious fine particles and ozone pollution will implement the total amount control of volatile organic pollutants in the industry, and formulate the total amount control targets and implementation plans of volatile organic pollutants. Strengthen the coordinated emission reduction of volatile organic compounds and nitrogen oxides, establish a list of fixed source, mobile source and non-point source emissions, and implement key emission reduction of volatile organic compounds such as aromatic hydrocarbons, olefins, alkynes, aldehydes and ketones. Carry out the special action of "ldar" in petrochemical industry to control unorganized emissions. All localities should define the time limit, complete the oil and gas recovery and management of gas stations, oil storage depots and tanker trucks, increase the oil and gas recovery rate to over 90%, and accelerate the oil and gas recovery and management of crude oil and refined oil terminals. In the coating industry, the substitution of low volatile organic compounds, improvement of coating technology and equipment, and construction of volatile organic compounds collection and treatment facilities will be implemented. In the printing industry, the substitution of raw materials and auxiliary materials with low volatile organic compounds content was carried out in an all-round way, and the production process was improved. Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei and its surrounding areas, the Yangtze River Delta region, the Pearl River Delta region, and urban agglomerations such as Chengdu-Chongqing, Wuhan and its surrounding areas, central Liaoning, Shaanxi Guanzhong, and Changsha-Zhuzhou-Xiangtan have comprehensively strengthened the control of volatile organic compounds.

The total amount of total phosphorus and total nitrogen in the waters exceeding the standard shall be controlled in river basins and regions.The control unit of total phosphorus exceeding the standard and the upstream related areas should implement total phosphorus control, define the control indicators as binding indicators, and formulate water quality improvement plans. Focus on the construction and transformation of production technology and sewage treatment facilities of 100 phosphate mining and phosphorus chemical enterprises. Vigorously promote the reuse of wastewater from ammonium phosphate production, promote the comprehensive processing and utilization of phosphogypsum, and ensure that the phosphorus recovery rate of phosphoric acid production enterprises reaches over 96%. In coastal cities at or above prefecture level and rivers flowing into eutrophic lakes and reservoirs, total nitrogen control should be implemented, the sources of total nitrogen pollution should be analyzed, the key control areas, fields and industries should be clearly defined, the total nitrogen control scheme should be formulated, and the total nitrogen should be included in the regional total control indicators. Nitrogen fertilizer, monosodium glutamate and other industries improve the utilization efficiency of auxiliary materials and increase resource recovery. Printing and dyeing industries reduce the use of urea or use urea instead of additives. Papermaking and other industries will speed up the fine management of wastewater treatment facilities and strictly control the dosage of nutrients. Strengthen biological phosphorus and nitrogen removal processes in urban sewage treatment plants, and implement coordinated control of total phosphorus and total nitrogen, chemical oxygen demand and ammonia nitrogen in livestock and poultry breeding.

Section III Strengthening Infrastructure Construction

Accelerate the improvement of urban sewage treatment system.We will comprehensively strengthen urban sewage treatment and supporting pipe network construction, increase the transformation of rainwater and sewage diversion and mixed sewage pipe network, give priority to sewage interception, collection and management in urban villages, old urban areas and urban-rural fringe areas, and eliminate the phenomenon of river backward flow and groundwater infiltration. By 2020, all counties and key towns in China will have the capacity of sewage collection and treatment, and the sewage treatment rates of cities and counties will reach about 95% and 85% respectively, and all sewage collection and treatment will be basically realized in the built-up areas of cities at prefecture level and above. Improve the level of sewage recycling and sludge disposal, and vigorously promote the stabilization, harmlessness and resource treatment and disposal of sludge. The harmless treatment and disposal rate of sludge in prefecture-level and above cities will reach 90%, and the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region will reach 95%. To control the initial rainwater pollution, rainwater discharged into natural water bodies must be purified by shoreline, and the construction and renovation of coastal intercepting trunk pipes should be accelerated to control leakage and sewage overflow pollution caused by combined system. According to local conditions, one river, one policy, multi-pronged approach of pollution control and endogenous pollution control, scientific remediation of urban black and odorous water bodies; According to local conditions, urban sewage treatment plants should be upgraded, and wetland ecological treatment system should be built if conditions permit, so as to strengthen the resource and energy utilization of wastewater. Urban sewage treatment facilities in sensitive areas (key lakes, key reservoirs, and coastal water catchment areas) should fully meet the first-class A discharge standard before the end of 2017. In cities where the water quality in the built-up area can’t meet the Class IV standard of surface water, the newly-built urban sewage treatment facilities should implement the Class A discharge standard. By 2020, the utilization rate of reclaimed water in water-deficient cities will reach more than 20%.The Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region has reached more than 30%. Incorporate the sanitation facilities and sewage treatment facilities of ports and shipbuilding plants into the urban facilities construction planning, and improve the disposal capacity of oily sewage, chemical washing water and domestic sewage. Implement ship ballast water management.

Realize the full coverage of urban garbage treatment and the stable operation of disposal facilities.Accelerate the construction of garbage disposal facilities in county towns and realize the full coverage of urban garbage disposal facilities. Improve the level of reduction, recycling and harmlessness of municipal solid waste treatment. The harmless treatment rate of municipal solid waste in China has reached more than 95%, and more than 90% of village solid waste has been effectively treated. Large and medium-sized cities will focus on the development of domestic waste incineration power generation technology, encourage regional co-construction and sharing of incineration facilities, actively develop biological treatment technology, and rationally co-ordinate landfill treatment technology. By 2020, the garbage incineration treatment rate will reach 40%. Improve the collection, storage and transportation system, set up cities to fully promote closed collection and transportation, and realize dry and wet classified collection and transshipment. Strengthen the treatment and disposal of landfill leachate, incineration fly ash, methane utilization and odor treatment, and disclose the pollutant discharge of garbage disposal facilities to the public. Accelerate the construction of a resource utilization and harmless treatment system for urban kitchen waste, construction waste and waste textiles. Focus on large and medium-sized cities, build demonstration cities (districts) for domestic waste classification and demonstration projects for domestic waste stock control, and build kitchen waste treatment facilities in large and medium-sized cities. Support the collaborative disposal of municipal solid waste in cement kilns.

Promote the construction of sponge cities.Change the concept of urban planning and construction, protect and restore urban ecology. The old city is problem-oriented, with the breakthrough of solving urban waterlogging, rainwater collection and utilization, and black and odorous water treatment, promoting the overall management of the region and avoiding large-scale demolition and construction. The new urban area is goal-oriented, giving priority to protecting the ecological environment and reasonably controlling the development intensity. Comprehensive measures such as "infiltration, stagnation, storage, purification, use and drainage" will be taken to strengthen the construction of sponge-like buildings and communities, sponge-like roads and squares, sponge-like parks and green spaces, rainwater storage and drainage and flood prevention facilities. Vigorously promote the standard construction of urban drainage and flood prevention facilities, and accelerate the transformation and elimination of urban flood-prone points. By 2020, 70% of the rainfall can be absorbed and utilized locally, and the land area will reach more than 20% of the urban built-up area. To strengthen water-saving in cities and towns, water-saving appliances must be adopted in public buildings, and households are encouraged to choose water-saving appliances. By 2020, all water-deficient cities at prefecture level and above will meet the requirements of national water-saving city standards, and the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei, Yangtze River Delta and Pearl River Delta regions will be completed one year ahead of schedule.

Increase the supply and use of clean energy.Priority will be given to ensuring that hydropower and clean energy projects such as wind energy, solar energy and biomass energy within the national "Thirteenth Five-Year Plan" energy development are connected to the Internet, and the policy of fully guaranteeing the acquisition of renewable energy will be implemented. By 2020, the installed capacity of non-fossil energy will reach 39%. The proportion of coal in total energy consumption fell below 58%. Expand the scope of urban high-pollution fuel no-burn zones, improve the rate of urban gasification, prohibit the use of loose coal in areas covered by heating and gas supply networks in cities at prefecture level and above, and implement the "coal-to-gas" project in key areas and cities such as Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei, Yangtze River Delta and Pearl River Delta to promote the substitution of loose coal in rural areas in northern China. Accelerate the construction of charging facilities for new energy vehicles in cities, and government agencies, large and medium-sized enterprises and institutions will take the lead in supporting the construction and continue to promote new energy vehicles.

Vigorously promote the clean utilization of coal.Strengthen the quality management of commercial coal, restrict the development and sale of coal resources with high sulfur and high ash, and develop coal washing and processing. By 2020, the coal washing rate will increase to over 75%. Vigorously promote the replacement of coal with electricity, gas and other clean energy, and actively promote the replacement of clean coal in areas that do not have the conditions for changing coal into clean fuel. Construction of clean coal distribution center, the establishment of a county (district) as a unit of fully enclosed coal distribution center and clean coal supply network covering all towns and villages. Accelerate the heating transformation of pure condensing (only generating electricity without heating) generator sets, encourage cogeneration units to replace small coal-fired boilers, and promote urban central heating. By 2017, unless it is really necessary to keep it, coal-fired boilers below 10 tons will be basically eliminated in the built-up areas of cities at prefecture level and above.

The fourth quarter to speed up the comprehensive management of agricultural and rural environment

Continue to promote the comprehensive improvement of rural environment.We will continue to carry out the patriotic health campaign in depth, continue to promote urban and rural environmental sanitation rectification actions, and build a healthy, livable and beautiful homeland. We will deepen the policy of "promoting governance with awards", focus on the surrounding areas of important water sources such as the South-to-North Water Transfer Project, the Three Gorges Reservoir Area and the Yangtze River, and promote a new round of contiguous rural environmental remediation. Conditional provinces will carry out full coverage and net-pulling remediation. Carry out treatment according to local conditions, improve the mode of "village collection, town transfer and county treatment" of rural domestic garbage, encourage local resource utilization, speed up the rectification of "garbage around villages" and "garbage around dams", and effectively prevent the transfer of urban garbage to rural areas. The whole county promotes the unified planning, construction and management of rural sewage treatment. Actively promote the extension of urban sewage and garbage treatment facilities and services to rural areas, and carry out harmless transformation of rural toilets. Continue to implement rural cleaning projects and carry out river dredging. By 2020, 130,000 newly established villages will be completed with comprehensive environmental improvement.

Vigorously promote pollution prevention and control of livestock and poultry breeding.Designate areas where the construction of large-scale livestock and poultry farms (communities) is prohibited, strengthen the management of zoning and classification, and promote the pollution prevention and control of livestock and poultry breeding in the whole county by using waste as a resource. Centralized treatment of manure and comprehensive utilization of resources will be carried out in intensive aquaculture areas. Before the end of 2017, all regions shall close or relocate livestock and poultry farms (communities) and specialized breeding households in the no-breeding areas according to law. Vigorously support the standardization transformation and construction of large-scale livestock and poultry farms (communities).

Fight the tough battle of agricultural non-point source pollution control.Optimize and adjust the agricultural structure and layout, popularize the clean production technology of resource-saving agriculture, and promote the development of resource-saving, environment-friendly and ecological conservation agriculture. Construction of ecological ditches, sewage purification ponds, surface runoff storage pools and other facilities to purify farmland drainage and surface runoff. Implement the action plan of environmental water organic agriculture. Promote healthy and ecological farming. Implement soil testing and formula fertilization. Promote the clean production of planting industry, carry out the recycling of agricultural film, and take the lead in realizing the zero growth of plastic film production in black land field in Northeast China. In key areas such as Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei, Yangtze River Delta and Pearl River Delta around Bohai Sea, research and demonstration on ammonia prevention and control of key emission sources of planting and aquaculture will be carried out. Study and establish a post-evaluation system for the environmental impact of pesticide use, and formulate measures for the recovery and treatment of pesticide packaging waste. By 2020, the use of chemical fertilizers and pesticides will increase to zero, the utilization rate of chemical fertilizers will increase to over 40%, and the recovery rate of agricultural film will reach over 80%; The Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei, Yangtze River Delta and Pearl River Delta regions were completed one year ahead of schedule.

Strengthen the comprehensive utilization of straw and prohibit burning.Establish a step-by-step supervision and implementation mechanism, combine dredging with blocking, focus on dredging, improve the straw storage system, support the industrialization development of new technologies such as straw replacing wood, fiber raw materials, clean pulping, biomass energy and commercial organic fertilizer, and accelerate the comprehensive utilization of straw; Strengthen measures to ban burning of straw in key areas and key time periods, and continuously improve the supervision level of ban burning.

Chapter VI Implementing full-process control to effectively prevent and reduce environmental risks.

Improve the basic ability of risk prevention and control, incorporate risks into normal management, systematically build a whole-process and multi-level risk prevention system, strictly prevent and control environmental risks in key areas such as heavy metals, hazardous wastes, toxic and harmful chemicals, nuclear and radiation, strengthen the nuclear and radiation safety supervision system and capacity building, effectively control ecological and social environmental risk factors that affect health, and keep the safety bottom line.

Section 1 Improve the risk prevention and control and emergency response system

Strengthen risk assessment and source prevention and control.We will improve the risk assessment system for enterprises’ sudden environmental incidents, promote the classified management of sudden environmental incidents, and strictly supervise enterprises with major sudden environmental incidents. Improve the hazardous waste identification system. Select typical regions, industrial parks and river basins to carry out pilot projects, conduct comprehensive toxicity assessment of wastewater and risk assessment of regional environmental emergencies, which will serve as the basic basis for industry access, industrial layout and structural adjustment, and release examples of environmental risk assessment reports of typical regions.

Carry out environmental and health investigation, monitoring and risk assessment.Formulate environmental and health work methods, establish environmental and health investigation, monitoring and risk assessment systems, and form supporting policies, standards and technical systems. Carry out environmental and health surveys in key areas, river basins and industries, initially establish a sentinel monitoring network for environmental health risks, identify and evaluate environmental health risks in key areas, river basins and industries, implement inventory management for enterprises and pollutants that cause environmental health risks, and study and publish a number of environmental benchmarks that are beneficial to human health.

Strict environmental risk early warning management.Strengthen the early warning work of heavily polluted weather, drinking water sources, toxic and harmful gases, nuclear safety, etc., and carry out pilot monitoring and early warning of biotoxicity of drinking water sources and toxic and harmful gases in chemical parks.

Strengthen the emergency management of sudden environmental incidents.We will improve the emergency management system for sudden environmental incidents at the national, provincial, municipal and county levels, further promote the emergency coordination mechanism for sudden environmental incidents across regions and departments, improve the comprehensive emergency rescue system, and establish a socialized emergency rescue mechanism. Improve the on-site command and coordination system of environmental emergencies, as well as the information reporting and disclosure mechanism. Strengthen the investigation of sudden environmental incidents and the construction of environmental impact and loss assessment system for sudden environmental incidents.

Strengthen the basic ability of risk prevention and control.Establish an environmental risk monitoring and early warning network for production, transportation, storage and disposal, and build an information-based supervision system for the whole process of hazardous waste that can be located, queried, tracked, early warned and assessed. Establish and improve the emergency command and decision support system for environmental emergencies, and improve the databases of environmental risk sources, sensitive targets, environmental emergency response capabilities and environmental emergency plans. Strengthen the management of emergency plans for environmental emergencies in key industries such as petrochemicals and governments and departments. Build a national environmental emergency rescue training base, strengthen the construction of environmental emergency management team and expert team, strengthen the environmental emergency material reserve and information construction, and enhance the emergency monitoring ability. Promote the industrialization and socialization of environmental emergency equipment, and promote the standardization of environmental emergency capabilities.

Section II Intensifying the Prevention and Control of Heavy Metal Pollution

Strengthen environmental management of key industries.Strictly control the rapid expansion of new production capacity involving heavy metals, optimize industrial layout, and continue to eliminate backward production capacity in key industries involving heavy metals. In areas with concentrated distribution, large industrial scale, rapid development and prominent environmental problems, stricter local pollutant discharge standards and environmental access standards will be formulated and implemented, and heavy metal-related enterprises that have no hope of reaching the standards and are still unable to meet the standards after rectification will be shut down according to law. Formulate comprehensive improvement plans for industrial parks in electroplating, tanning, lead-acid batteries and other industries to promote the clean and standardized development of the parks. Strengthen the discharge of heavy metal pollutants from heavy metal-related industrial parks and key industrial and mining enterprises and the monitoring of heavy metals in the surrounding environment, strengthen the investigation of environmental risks and hidden dangers, and disclose information on production discharge, environmental management and environmental quality of heavy metal-related enterprises to the public. Organize the investigation of thallium pollution and discharge in typical industries such as mining, dressing and smelting of metal mines, steel and other typical areas such as Buyi and Miao Autonomous Prefecture in southwest Guizhou, and formulate plans for the prevention and control of thallium pollution. Strengthen the quality supervision of environmental protection projects such as heavy metals in imported mineral products.

Deepen the classified prevention and control of key areas.The key areas for prevention and control of heavy metal pollution shall formulate and implement comprehensive prevention and control plans for heavy metal pollution, effectively prevent and control environmental risks and improve regional environmental quality, guide by districts, implement differentiated prevention and control management, and accelerate the comprehensive improvement of outstanding problems in Xiangjiang River and other basins and regions. During the "Thirteenth Five-Year Plan" period, about 20 areas will be tried to withdraw from key areas. Demonstration of comprehensive remediation of heavy metal pollution was carried out in 16 key areas such as Jingjiang City, Jiangsu Province and Pingyang County, Zhejiang Province, and 8 river basins such as Fujiang River Basin, Dayu County, Jiangxi Province, and the technology and management system for regional and river basin heavy metal pollution control and risk prevention and control was explored. Establish a comprehensive prevention and control coordination mechanism for the "Manganese Triangle" (Xiushan County, Chongqing, Huayuan County, Hunan Province and Songtao County, Guizhou Province, which have serious environmental pollution problems in the process of manganese mining and production), and formulate a comprehensive remediation plan in a unified manner. Optimize and adjust the environmental quality monitoring points in key areas, and build a national heavy metal environmental monitoring system by the end of 2018.

Strengthen the control of mercury pollution.It is forbidden to build new PVC production projects by calcium carbide method with mercury-containing process. By 2020, the mercury consumption per unit product in PVC industry will be reduced by 50% on the basis of 2010. Strengthen the control of mercury pollution emission in key industries such as coal-fired power plants. It is forbidden to build new primary mercury mines and gradually stop primary mercury mining. Eliminate mercury-containing thermometers, sphygmomanometers and other mercury-added products.

Section III Improving the Disposal Level of Hazardous Wastes

Rational allocation of hazardous waste safety disposal capacity.Provinces (autonomous regions and municipalities) should organize the evaluation of hazardous waste generation, utilization and disposal capacity and facilities operation, scientifically plan and implement the construction plan of hazardous waste centralized disposal facilities, and incorporate the hazardous waste centralized disposal facilities into the overall construction of local public infrastructure. Encourage large petrochemical and other industrial bases to support the construction of hazardous waste utilization and disposal facilities. Encourage large-scale and single-type enterprises and parks to support the construction of hazardous waste collection, storage, pretreatment and disposal facilities, and guide and standardize the coordinated disposal of hazardous waste in cement kilns. Carry out cumulative environmental risk assessment and prevention and control of typical hazardous waste centralized disposal facilities, eliminate a number of facilities with backward technology and non-compliance with standards and norms, upgrade and transform a number of facilities, and standardize the management of a number of facilities.

Prevention and control of environmental risks of hazardous wastes.Dynamically revise the national hazardous waste list, carry out a national hazardous waste survey, and strive to basically find out the generation, storage, utilization and disposal of hazardous waste in key industries nationwide before the end of 2020. Focusing on petrochemical and chemical industries, we will crack down on illegal transfer, utilization and disposal of hazardous wastes. Strengthen the quality and safety supervision of imported petrochemical and chemical products, and crack down on the import of solid waste such as waste oil in the name of crude oil, fuel oil, lubricating oil and other products. We will continue to carry out supervision and assessment of standardized management of hazardous wastes, and carry out special rectification with emphasis on waste containing heavy metals such as chromium, lead, mercury, cadmium and arsenic, fly ash from incineration of domestic garbage, antibiotic residue and highly toxic persistent waste. Formulate management measures for recycling waste lead storage batteries. Clarify the requirements for secondary pollution control of hazardous waste utilization and disposal and environmental protection in the process of comprehensive utilization, formulate the limit value of toxic and harmful substances in comprehensive utilization products, and promote the safe utilization of hazardous waste.

Promote the safe disposal of medical waste.Expand the service scope of centralized medical waste disposal facilities, establish regional medical waste coordination and emergency disposal mechanism, and promote the safe disposal of medical waste in rural areas, towns and remote areas according to local conditions. Implement the bid upgrading and reconstruction project of medical waste incineration facilities. Improve the level of standardized management, severely crack down on illegal trading of medical waste, establish an exit mechanism for medical waste franchise, and strictly implement the policy of charging for medical waste disposal.

Section IV Consolidate the Foundation of Chemical Risk Prevention and Control

Assess the environmental and health risks of existing chemicals.Carry out a number of preliminary screening and risk assessment of existing chemical hazards to assess the accumulation and risk of chemicals in the environment. Before the end of 2017, the list of priority chemicals will be published, the production, use and import of high-risk chemicals will be strictly restricted, and the substitution will be gradually eliminated. Strengthen the capacity building of environmental and health risk assessment of toxic and harmful chemicals.

Reduce and phase out chemicals controlled by the convention.By 2020, a number of chemicals controlled by the Stockholm Convention on Persistent Organic Pollutants, such as lindane, perfluorooctane sulfonic acid and its salts, perfluorooctane sulfonyl fluoride and endosulfan, will be basically eliminated. Strengthen the research and development of persistent organic pollutants substitutes, best available technologies and related monitoring and testing equipment to be restricted or prohibited.

Strictly control the pollution of environmental hormone chemicals.By the end of 2017, we will complete the investigation on the production and use of environmental hormone chemicals, monitor and evaluate the risks in water sources, agricultural products planting areas and aquatic products centralized breeding areas, and implement measures such as elimination, restriction and substitution of environmental hormone chemicals.

Section 5 Strengthening Nuclear and Radiation Safety Management

China is a big country that uses nuclear energy and nuclear technology.During the "Thirteenth Five-Year Plan" period, it is necessary to strengthen the nuclear safety supervision system and supervision capacity building, accelerate the process of nuclear safety rule of law, implement nuclear safety planning, strictly supervise according to law, and prevent nuclear accidents that pollute the environment by radioactivity.

Improve the safety level of nuclear facilities and radioactive sources.Continuously improve the safe operation level of nuclear power plants, strengthen the quality supervision of nuclear power units under construction, and ensure that new nuclear power plants meet the latest international nuclear safety standards. Accelerate the safety improvement of research reactors and nuclear fuel cycle facilities. Optimize the licensing management of nuclear safety equipment and improve the quality and reliability of nuclear safety equipment. Implement the action plan to strengthen the safety of radioactive sources.

Promote the prevention and control of radioactive pollution.Accelerate the decommissioning of old nuclear facilities and the treatment and disposal of radioactive waste, further enhance the capacity of radioactive waste treatment and disposal, and implement the waste minimization policy. We will promote the decommissioning and environmental restoration of uranium mining and metallurgy facilities, and strengthen the supervision and management of uranium mining and metallurgy and associated radioactive mines.

Strengthen the nuclear and radiation safety supervision system and capacity building.Strengthen the construction of nuclear and radiation safety supervision system and mechanism, and incorporate the key technologies of nuclear safety into the national key research and development plan. Strengthen national, regional and provincial nuclear accident emergency material reserves and capacity building. Establish a national research and development base for nuclear and radiation safety supervision technology. Establish a national nuclear safety monitoring, early warning and emergency response platform, improve the national radiation environment monitoring network, and strengthen the national, provincial and municipal nuclear and radiation safety supervision capabilities.

Chapter VII Strengthening protection and ecological restoration.

Implement the concept of "landscape, forest, field and lake are a community of life", adhere to the priority of protection and natural restoration, promote the protection and restoration of key areas and important ecosystems, build ecological corridors and biodiversity protection networks, comprehensively improve the stability and ecological service functions of various ecosystems, and build an ecological security barrier.

Section 1 Maintaining National Ecological Security

Systematic maintenance of national ecological security.Identify important areas related to national ecological security, take ecological security barriers and important river systems as the skeleton, national key ecological function area as the support, areas prohibited by the state as the node, and ecological corridors and biodiversity protection networks as the thread, and give priority to strengthening ecological protection and safeguarding national ecological security.

Building a "two screens and three belts" national ecological security barrier.We will build an ecological security barrier on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau, promote regional ecological construction and environmental protection on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau, and focus on protecting diverse and unique ecosystems. Promote the construction of ecological security barrier between the Loess Plateau and Sichuan and Yunnan, focus on strengthening soil erosion prevention and natural vegetation protection, and ensure ecological security in the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River and Yellow River. Build an ecological security barrier in the northeast forest belt, focus on protecting forest resources and biodiversity, and safeguard the ecological security of the northeast plain. We will build an ecological security barrier in the northern sand control belt, focus on strengthening shelter forest construction, grassland protection, wind prevention and sand fixation, and implement closed protection for desertified land that does not have control conditions for the time being to ensure ecological security in the "Three North" areas. We will build an ecological security barrier in the hilly areas of southern China, focusing on strengthening vegetation restoration and soil erosion prevention to ensure ecological security in South China and Southwest China.

Build a biodiversity protection network.In-depth implementation of China biodiversity conservation strategy and action plan, continue to carry out the China action of the United Nations Decade of Biodiversity, and compile and implement local biodiversity conservation action plans. Strengthen the management of priority areas for biodiversity protection, build a biodiversity protection network, improve ex-situ biodiversity protection facilities, and realize the systematic protection of biodiversity. Carry out evaluation and demonstration of biodiversity and ecosystem service value.

Section II Management and Protection of Key Ecological Areas

Deepen the protection and management of national key ecological function area.Make a negative list of industrial access in national key ecological function area, and make a list of industries that are restricted and prohibited from development in the region. Optimize the transfer payment policy and strengthen the evaluation and assessment of the stability of regional ecological functions and the ability to provide ecological products. Support the construction of comprehensive demonstration zone of ecological security barrier in Gansu, and promote the construction of ecological economic belt along the Yellow River. Accelerate the implementation of ecological protection and construction projects in key ecological functional areas, strengthen ecological supervision over development and construction activities, protect key wildlife resources in the region, and significantly improve the ecosystem service function of key ecological functional areas.

Give priority to strengthening the construction and management of nature reserves.Optimize the layout of nature reserves, take the protection gaps of important rivers, lakes, oceans, grassland ecosystems and aquatic organisms, natural relics, extremely small populations of wild plants and critically endangered wild animals as the focus of new nature reserves, build nature reserves and protected communities, and comprehensively improve the systematic, refined and informational level of nature reserve management. The establishment of the national nature reserve "integration of heaven and earth" dynamic monitoring system, the use of remote sensing and other means to carry out monitoring, national nature reserves monitoring twice a year, provincial nature reserves monitoring once a year. Regularly organize special law enforcement inspections of nature reserves, seriously investigate and deal with illegal activities, and strengthen accountability and supervision. Strengthen the comprehensive scientific investigation, basic investigation and management evaluation of nature reserves. Actively promote the approval and demarcation of the national nature reserves, carry out land confirmation and use control of nature reserves, and gradually implement ecological migration for residents living in the core areas and buffer zones of nature reserves. By 2020, the proportion of land area of national nature reserves in China’s land area will be stable at around 15%, and more than 90% of the national key protected wildlife species and typical ecosystem types will be protected.

Integrate and set up a number of national parks.Strengthen the guidance of the national park pilot, and study and formulate the overall plan for establishing the national park system on the basis of the pilot. Reasonably define the scope of national parks, integrate and improve the system of nature reserves with scientific classification and strong protection, and better protect the authenticity and integrity of natural ecology and natural cultural heritage. Strengthen the planning, construction and management of scenic spots, natural and cultural heritage, forest parks, desert park, geological parks and other protected areas, and improve the efficiency of protection and management.

Section III Protection of Important Ecosystems

Protect the forest ecosystem.Improve the natural forest protection system, strengthen the protection and tending of natural forests, improve and implement the natural forest management and protection system, strengthen the construction of management and protection infrastructure, achieve full coverage of management and protection areas, and completely stop commercial harvesting of natural forests. We will continue to implement subsidy policies for forest management and cultivation and public welfare forest construction. Strictly protect forest land resources and control forest land use by classification. By 2020, the forest land will reach 312.3 million hectares.

Promote the accurate improvement of forest quality.Adhere to the priority of protection and natural restoration, pay equal attention to quantity and quality, and give priority to quality. Adhere to both closing hillsides to facilitate afforestation and artificial afforestation. If it is appropriate to close, it will be closed, and if it is appropriate to build, it will be suitable for forest, irrigation and grass. Strengthen forest management, vigorously cultivate mixed forests, promote the restoration of degraded forests, and optimize forest composition, structure and function. By 2020, the proportion of mixed forests will reach 45%, the forest volume per unit area will reach 95 cubic meters/hectare, and the carbon storage of forest vegetation will reach 9.5 billion tons.

Protect grassland ecosystem.Stabilize and improve the grassland contract management system, implement the basic grassland protection system, and implement the systems of balance between grass and livestock, prohibition of grazing and grazing rotation. Strictly control the use of grasslands, strengthen the construction of grassland managers, and severely crack down on illegal expropriation and occupation of grasslands, reclamation of grasslands, indiscriminate mining and excavation of grassland wild plants and other illegal and criminal acts that destroy grasslands. Carry out investigation and statistics of grassland resources, and establish an early warning system for grassland production and ecological monitoring. Strengthen the management of the "three-oriented" grassland to prevent and control the harm of rats, weeds and insects. By 2020, 30 million hectares of grassland will be managed.

Protect the wetland ecosystem.We will carry out pilot projects for compensation of wetland ecological benefits and returning farmland to wet areas. In international and national important wetlands, wetland nature reserves and national wetland parks, wetland protection and restoration projects will be implemented to gradually restore the ecological functions of wetlands and expand the wetland area. Improve the ability of wetland protection and management.

The fourth quarter to enhance the function of the ecosystem

Large-scale greening of the country.Carry out large-scale land greening actions, strengthen the construction of farmland forest network, build urban and rural green spaces with reasonable configuration, stable structure and perfect functions, form a land greening grid along the coast, along the river, along the border, along the lake (reservoir) and along the island, and promote the synergy of mountains, plains, rivers and lakes, cities and villages.

Continue to implement a new round of returning farmland to forests and grasslands and returning grazing to grasslands.Expand the scope and scale of the new round of returning farmland to forests and grasslands, and implement returning farmland to forests and grasslands in sloping farmland with conditions of more than 25 degrees, seriously desertified farmland and sloping farmland with an important water source of 15-25 degrees. Implement the national plan for the project of returning grazing to grassland, steadily expand the scope of returning grazing to grassland, change the production mode of grassland animal husbandry, build grassland protection infrastructure, and protect and improve the natural grassland ecology.

Build a shelter forest system.We will strengthen the construction of shelter forest systems in the "Three Norths", the Yangtze River, the Pearl River, Taihang Mountain and coastal areas. Combining arbor, shrub and grass in the "Three North" area, highlighting key points, scale management and overall promotion. Promote the restoration of degraded forests in the Yangtze River basin, improve forest quality, and build a "two lakes and one reservoir" shelter forest system. Promote the restoration of degraded forests in the Pearl River Basin. Optimizing stand structure in Taihang Mountain range. In coastal areas, we will promote the construction of coastal backbone forest belts and wave-absorbing forests, repair degraded forests, and improve the coastal shelter forest system and disaster prevention and mitigation system. Build a farmland forest network in the main grain producing areas, strengthen the greening of villages and towns, and improve the comprehensive function of the shelter forest system in plain agricultural areas.

Construction of reserve forest.Attract social capital to participate in the investment, operation and management of reserve forests in southern provinces and other suitable areas with good water, soil, light and heat conditions, and accelerate the construction of reserve forests. In key state-owned forest areas such as Northeast China and Inner Mongolia, measures such as intensive cultivation of artificial forests, improvement of existing forests, tending and replanting will be taken to build reserve forest bases with timber forests and precious tree species as the main body. By 2020, 14 million hectares of reserve forest will be built, and the annual wood supply capacity will be increased by more than 95 million cubic meters.

Cultivate a new mechanism of land greening.We will continue to adhere to the guiding principle of national mobilization, hands-on work by the whole people and greening by the whole society, and encourage family forest farms, forestry professional cooperative organizations, enterprises, social organizations and individuals to carry out specialized large-scale afforestation and greening. Give play to the leading role of state-owned forest areas and forest farms in greening the country, carry out various forms of off-site cooperative afforestation and forest conservation management, and encourage state-owned forest farms to undertake the main tasks of regional land greening and ecological restoration. Innovate the property right model and encourage local governments to explore the policy of adjusting commercial forests into public welfare forests through redemption and replacement in important ecological areas.

Section 5 Restoration of Ecological Degraded Areas

Comprehensive control of soil erosion.Strengthen the construction of soil and water conservation projects in key areas such as the middle and upper reaches of the Yangtze River, the middle and upper reaches of the Yellow River, karst areas in southwest China and black soil areas in northeast China, strengthen the work of gully-fixing and tableland protection in gully areas of the Loess Plateau, promote the treatment of erosion gullies in black soil areas in northeast China, speed up the treatment of hillock collapse in southern China, and actively carry out the construction of ecologically clean small watersheds.

Promote the control of desertification and rocky desertification.Accelerate the implementation of the national plan for sand prevention and control, carry out sand fixation and control, strengthen the control of major sandstorm source areas, sandstorm mouths, sandstorm path areas and active areas of desertification expansion, strengthen sand prevention and control along the "Belt and Road", and promote the construction of protected areas for desertification land and comprehensive demonstration areas for sand prevention and control. Continue to implement the second phase of the Beijing-Tianjin sandstorm source control project to further curb the dust hazard. Comprehensive control of rocky desertification will be carried out with the focus on the karst areas of "two rivers" (rocky desertification areas in Yunnan, Guangxi and Guizhou and the Yangtze River and Pearl River). By 2020, we will strive to build 10 million mu, 100 million mu and 1,000 million mu sand control bases.

Strengthen mine geological environment protection and ecological restoration.Strictly implement the environmental impact assessment of mineral resources development and build green mines. Increase mine vegetation restoration and comprehensive management of geological environment, carry out special rectification of dangerous tailings ponds and "overhead reservoirs" (tailings ponds with residents or important facilities within 1 km), and strengthen the restoration and comprehensive management of geological environment of mines left over from history. Popularize and implement technologies such as tailings filling and mining, build a number of "tailings-free mines" (mines with no tailings or only a small amount of tailings occupied by effective means), and promote the restoration and utilization of industrial and mining wasteland.

Section VI Expanding the Supply of Ecological Products

Promote the construction of green industries.Strengthen the construction of forestry resource bases, accelerate industrial transformation and upgrading, promote high-end, brand, characteristic and customization of industries, and meet the people’s demand for high-quality green products. We will build a number of influential demonstration bases for flowers and seedlings, and develop a number of demonstration bases for woody grain and oil, characteristic economic forest, under-forest economy, forestry bio-industry, sand industry, and domestication, breeding and utilization of wild animals with strong income-increasing drive. Accelerate the development and upgrading of forest tourism, leisure and recreation, wetland vacation, desert exploration, wildlife viewing and other industries, accelerate the technological transformation and innovation of forest products industry and forestry equipment manufacturing industry, create a number of industrial clusters and demonstration parks with strong competitiveness and distinctive characteristics, and establish a monitoring and early warning system for green industries and national key forest products markets.

Construct an ecological public service network.Intensify the construction of public service facilities in nature reserves and ecological experience sites, and develop and provide high-quality ecological service products such as ecological education, recreation and leisure, health preservation and old-age care. Accelerate the construction of public service facilities such as ecological sign system, greenway network, sanitation, safety, etc., carefully design and build ecological experience boutique tourist routes based on forests, wetlands, deserts, wildlife habitats, flowers and seedlings, and focus on building a number of public camps and ecological stations to improve the grade and service level of ecological experience products.

Strengthen the protection and management of scenic spots and world heritage.Carry out a general survey of the resources of scenic spots, and steadily cultivate and declare the world natural heritage, natural and cultural heritage. Strengthen the management of scenic spots and world heritage sites, implement remote sensing dynamic monitoring, and strictly control the way and intensity of utilization. Increase investment in protection and strengthen the construction of facilities for the protection and utilization of scenic spots.

Maintain and repair the urban natural ecosystem.Improve urban biodiversity, strengthen urban green space protection and improve urban green line management. Optimize the layout of urban green space and build greenway corridors, so that urban forests, green spaces, water systems, rivers and lakes and cultivated land can form a complete ecological network. Expand the ecological space such as green space and water area, rationally plan and build all kinds of urban green space, and promote three-dimensional greening and roof greening. Carry out urban mountain, water, wasteland and green land restoration, and implement urban ecological restoration demonstration projects through measures combining natural restoration and artificial restoration. Strengthen the greening around the city and urban agglomerations, implement "returning work to forests" and build urban forests in pieces. Vigorously improve the green coverage rate of built-up areas, speed up the transformation of old parks, and enhance the service function of park green space. Carry out ecological greening, widely plant local tree species, reasonably mix trees, shrubs and grass, and grow naturally. Strengthen the protection of ancient and famous trees, and prohibit transplanting natural trees into the city. Develop forest cities, garden cities and forest towns. By 2020, the urban per capita park green area will reach 14.6 square meters, and the green space rate in urban built-up areas will reach 38.9%.

Section 7 Protection of Biological Diversity

Carry out background investigation and observation of biodiversity.Implement major biodiversity conservation projects, focus on priority areas of biodiversity conservation, conduct investigations and assessments on ecosystems, species, genetic resources and related traditional knowledge, and establish a national biodiversity database and information platform. By 2020, we will basically find out the background status of priority areas for biodiversity protection. Improve the biodiversity observation system and carry out the construction of comprehensive biodiversity observation stations and observation sample areas. Normalized observation, monitoring, evaluation and early warning of important biological groups and ecosystems, national key protected species and their habitats.

Implement rescue protection of endangered wild animals and plants.Protect, repair and expand the habitats of rare and endangered wild animals and plants and original habitat protection areas (points), give priority to the implementation of protection projects for key protected wild animals and very small populations of wild plants, develop technologies for breeding, restoration and protection of endangered species, strengthen rescue, breeding and wild release of rare and endangered wild animals and plants, carry out pilot demonstrations for wild release of artificial populations in the Yangtze River Economic Belt and key river basins, and scientifically reintroduce rare and endangered wild animals and plants. Optimize the national wildlife rescue network, improve the layout and build a number of wildlife rescue and breeding centers, and build artificial breeding centers for rare and endangered plants such as orchids. Strengthen the supervision of the utilization of wild animals and plants and their products, and carry out the certification and identification of the breeding and utilization of wild animals and plants and their products. Adjust and revise the list of national key protected wildlife.

Strengthen the protection of biological genetic resources.Establish a system for obtaining and sharing benefits of biological genetic resources and related traditional knowledge, standardize the collection, preservation, exchange, cooperative research and development and utilization of biological genetic resources, and strengthen the protection of traditional knowledge related to genetic resources. Carry out the value evaluation of biological genetic resources, strengthen the exploration, arrangement, detection, cultivation and character evaluation of biological resources, and screen excellent biological genetic genes. Strengthen the genetic protection of wild animals and plants, and build a conservation base and gene bank for artificial populations of wild animals and plants. Improve the southwest biogenetic resource pool, build the central and eastern biogenetic resource pool, and collect and preserve the unique, rare and endangered biogenetic resources with important value. Construction of medicinal plant resources, agricultural germplasm resources, wild flower germplasm resources, forest germplasm resources for long-term preservation (nursery), rational planning and construction of botanical gardens, zoos, wildlife breeding centers.

Strengthen the management of wildlife import and export.Strengthen the import and export management of biological genetic resources, wild animals and plants and their products, establish the working mechanism of departmental information sharing and joint prevention and control, and establish and improve the import and export electronic information network system. Severely crack down on illegal trade in ivory and other wildlife products, build a platform for information analysis and sharing, set up a cooperation mechanism to crack down on illegal trade crimes, and strictly control the loss of endemic, rare and endangered wildlife germplasm resources.

Guard against biosafety risks.Strengthen the protection against wild animal and plant diseases. Establish and improve the national ecological security dynamic monitoring and early warning system, and conduct comprehensive investigation and evaluation of ecological risks on a regular basis. Strengthen the supervision of environmental release of genetically modified organisms, and carry out risk assessment and follow-up monitoring of environmental release of genetically modified organisms. Establish a national biosafety protection network, improve the national biosafety inspection mechanism, and strictly manage the introduction of exotic species. Strictly prevent and control the invasion of alien harmful biological species, carry out general survey, monitoring and ecological impact assessment of alien invasive species, and carry out control and removal of alien invasive species that cause major ecological hazards.

Chapter VIII Accelerate institutional innovation and actively promote the modernization of governance system and governance capacity.

Make overall plans to promote the construction of ecological environment governance system, implement local environmental protection responsibilities by environmental protection inspectors’ inspection, compiling natural resources balance sheet, auditing leading cadres’ natural resources assets leaving office, and investigating the responsibility for ecological environment damage, implement corporate main responsibility by environmental justice, pollutant discharge permit, damage compensation, strengthen information disclosure, promote public interest litigation, strengthen market incentive mechanisms such as green finance, and form a governance system of government, enterprises and the public.

Section 1 Improve the rule of law system

Improve laws and regulations.Actively promote the revision of laws and regulations on resources and environment. Timely improve the prevention and control of water pollution, environmental noise pollution, soil pollution, ecological protection compensation, nature reserves and other related systems.

Strict environmental law enforcement supervision.Improve the supervision mechanism of environmental law enforcement, promote joint law enforcement, regional law enforcement and cross-enforcement, and strengthen law enforcement supervision and accountability. Further clarify the responsibilities of environmental law enforcement departments in administrative investigation, administrative punishment and administrative enforcement, and orderly integrate law enforcement supervision forces in different fields, departments and levels to promote the extension of environmental law enforcement forces to the grassroots.

Promote environmental justice.Improve the interface mechanism between administrative law enforcement and environmental justice, improve the provisions on procedure interface, case transfer and application for compulsory execution, and strengthen communication and coordination between environmental protection departments and public security organs, people’s procuratorates and people’s courts. Improve the system of hearing environmental cases. Actively cooperate with the judicial organs to do a good job in the revision of relevant judicial interpretations.

Section 2 Perfecting the Market Mechanism

Carry out the emission trading system.Establish and improve the initial allocation and trading system of emission rights, implement the system of paid use of emission rights, promote the pilot of paid use and trading of emission rights, and strengthen the construction of emission trading platform. Encourage new projects to obtain pollutant emission indicators through transactions, and shall not increase the total pollutant emission in the region. We will implement the energy budget management system and carry out pilot projects for paid use and trading of energy use rights.

Give play to the guiding role of fiscal and tax policies.Levy environmental protection tax. Comprehensively promote the resource tax reform, and gradually expand the resource tax to occupy all kinds of natural ecological space. Implement preferential tax policies for environmental protection, ecological construction and new energy development and utilization. To study and formulate policies for withholding retirement expenses for key hazardous waste centralized disposal facilities and places.

Deepen the price reform of resources and environment.Improve the price mechanism of resources and environment, fully reflect the market supply and demand, the scarcity of resources, the cost of ecological environment damage and the restoration benefits. We will implement the policy of adjusting the collection standards of sewage treatment fees and water resources fees, improve the collection rate of garbage treatment fees, and improve the price mechanism of reclaimed water. Study and improve the environmental protection electricity price policy of coal-fired power plants, and increase the implementation of policies such as differentiated electricity prices in industries with high energy consumption, high water consumption and high pollution.

Accelerate the cultivation of market players in environmental governance.Explore the combined development model of environmental governance projects and business development projects, and improve the return mechanism of social capital investment in environmental governance. Deepen the pilot of environmental services, innovate pollution control and management modes such as regional environmental governance integration, environmental protection "internet plus" and environmental protection Internet of Things, and encourage all kinds of investments to enter the environmental protection market. Abolish all kinds of institutional regulations that hinder the formation of a unified national market and fair competition, strengthen the construction of a credit system for environmental governance markets, and standardize the market environment. Encourage the implementation of performance-based payment for environmental governance and environmental performance contract services.

Establish a green financial system.Establish a green rating system and a public welfare environmental cost accounting and impact assessment system, and clarify the lender’s due diligence exemption requirements and environmental protection legal responsibilities. Encourage all kinds of financial institutions to increase the issuance of green credit. Establish a compulsory liability insurance system for environmental pollution in areas with high environmental risks. Study the establishment of green stock index and the development of related investment products. Encourage banks and enterprises to issue green bonds and encourage securitization of green credit assets. Increase risk compensation and support the development of secured loans such as emission rights, charging rights and purchase of service agreement mortgages. Support the establishment of various green development funds with market-oriented operation.

Accelerate the establishment of a diversified ecological protection compensation mechanism.Increase the transfer payment to key ecological functional areas, reasonably raise the compensation standard, tilt to ecologically sensitive and fragile areas and river basins, promote the linkage between the distribution of transfer payment and the effectiveness of ecological protection, and explore multiple complementary ways such as funds, policies, industries and technologies. Improve the scope of compensation, and gradually achieve full coverage of key areas such as forests, grasslands, wetlands, deserts, rivers, oceans and cultivated land, and important areas such as prohibited development areas and key ecological function areas. The central government supports and guides the establishment of cross-provincial horizontal compensation mechanisms for ecological benefit areas and protected areas, upstream and downstream of river basins, and promotes horizontal compensation within provincial regions. In the Yangtze River, the Yellow River and other important rivers to explore the development of horizontal ecological protection compensation pilot. We will further promote the counterpart support for the water source area of the Middle Route of South-to-North Water Transfer Project and the pilot project of ecological compensation for the water environment in Xin ‘anjiang, and promote the pilot project of cross-regional ecological protection compensation in the water conservation area of Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei, Jiuzhou River in Guangdong, Fujian-Guangdong Tingjiang-Hanjiang River, Dongjiang River in Guangdong, Yunnan-Guizhou-Guangxi-Xijiang River. By 2017, Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei regional ecological protection compensation mechanism will be established to institutionalize Beijing and Tianjin’s support for Hebei’s ecological construction and environmental protection.

Section III Implementation of Local Responsibilities

Implement the government’s responsibility for ecological environmental protection.Establish and improve the environmental protection responsibility system with clear responsibilities and reasonable division of labor, strengthen supervision and inspection, and promote the implementation of environmental protection with the same responsibility of the party and government. People’s governments at the provincial level take overall responsibility for the protection of ecological environment and resources in their respective administrative areas, take corresponding responsibilities for the ecological environmental protection of regional river basins, make overall plans to promote the equalization of basic public services in regional environment, strengthen the responsibilities of overall planning and comprehensive management by municipal people’s governments, and implement them by district and county people’s governments.

Reform the system and mechanism of ecological environmental protection.Actively promote the pilot reform of vertical management system for monitoring, supervision and law enforcement of environmental protection institutions below the provincial level, and strengthen supervision and inspection of environmental protection performance of local governments and their relevant departments. Establish a governance model of joint prevention and control of regional river basins and coordination between urban and rural areas. Establish and improve an environmental protection management system that strictly supervises the discharge of all pollutants.

Promote strategic and planning environmental assessment.On the basis of completing the strategic environmental assessments of Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei, Yangtze River Delta, Pearl River Delta, Yangtze River Economic Belt and "Belt and Road", we will steadily promote the strategic environmental assessments of provincial and municipal administrative regions. Explore and carry out major policy environmental impact demonstration pilot. Strict development and construction planning environmental assessment, as an important basis for planning, approval and implementation. In-depth development of environmental impact assessment of urban and new district master plans, strengthening ecological space protection of planning environmental impact assessment, and improving the consultation mechanism of planning environmental impact assessment. Focus on the environmental impact assessment of industrial park planning, promote the list management of space and environmental access, and explore the reform of environmental impact assessment approval management of construction projects in the park. Strengthen the linkage between project EIA and planning EIA, and build a four-level environmental protection department EIA approval information networking system. Local governments and relevant departments should transform the requirements of space control, total amount control and environmental access into rigid constraints of regional development and protection according to the strategic and planning EIA. Strictly investigate the responsibility of planning environmental impact assessment, and strengthen supervision over the development of planning environmental impact assessment work by local governments and relevant departments.

Prepare the balance sheet of natural resources.Explore the preparation of natural resources balance sheet, establish physical quantity accounting account, establish ecological environment value evaluation system, and carry out ecological environment assets inventory and accounting. The implementation of the audit of leading cadres’ natural resources assets, and promote local leading cadres to implement the responsibility of natural resources assets management. On the basis of completing the pilot project of compiling natural resources balance sheet, we will gradually establish and improve the system of compiling natural resources balance sheet, and explore and form the technical methods of accounting the value of major natural resources assets at the national level.

Establish a monitoring and early warning mechanism for carrying capacity of resources and environment.Study and formulate monitoring and evaluation, early warning index system and technical methods, carry out monitoring and early warning and cause analysis of the carrying capacity of resources and environment, implement early warning and differentiated restrictive measures for areas where resource consumption and environmental capacity are close to or exceed the carrying capacity, and strictly restrict development activities within the carrying capacity of resources and environment. Provinces (autonomous regions and municipalities) should organize the evaluation of the current situation of the carrying capacity of resources and environment in cities and counties, and adjust the development planning and industrial structure in areas exceeding the carrying capacity.

Implement the performance evaluation of ecological civilization.Implement the evaluation and assessment methods of ecological civilization construction objectives, establish the target system, assessment methods and reward and punishment mechanisms that reflect the requirements of ecological civilization, incorporate resource consumption, environmental damage and ecological benefits into the evaluation system of economic and social development of local governments at all levels, and implement differentiated performance evaluation and assessment for the functional orientation of different regions.

Carry out environmental protection inspectors.Promote local implementation of the main responsibility of ecological environmental protection, carry out environmental protection supervision, focus on checking the regional river basins with deteriorating environmental quality and the rectification situation, focus on inspecting the environmental inaction and chaos of local party committees and governments and their relevant departments, focus on understanding the local implementation of environmental protection, such as party and government sharing responsibility, one post and two responsibilities, and strict accountability, so as to promote local ecological civilization construction and environmental protection, and promote green development.

Establish a lifelong accountability system for ecological environment damage.Establish a lifelong accountability and accountability mechanism for major decisions. Cadres who are responsible for causing serious damage to the ecological environment and resources shall not be promoted or transferred to important positions, and those who constitute crimes shall be investigated for criminal responsibility according to law. The audit of natural resources assets of leading cadres will be carried out, and those leading cadres who have suffered major ecological and environmental damage after leaving office will be held accountable for life.

Section IV Strengthening Enterprise Supervision

Establish an enterprise emission permit system covering all fixed pollution sources.Fully implement the pollutant discharge permit, with the goal of improving environmental quality and preventing environmental risks, and bring the pollutant discharge type, concentration, total amount and discharge destination into the scope of license management, and enterprises produce and discharge pollutants according to the provisions of the pollutant discharge permit. Improve the responsibility system for pollution control, and the environmental protection department will supervise and enforce the pollution discharge behavior of enterprises in accordance with the requirements of the pollution discharge permit. By the end of 2017, we will complete the issuance of enterprise licenses in key industries and industries with overcapacity, and build a national information platform for pollutant discharge permit management. By 2020, the country will basically complete the issuance of licenses for enterprises in the industries specified in the Catalogue of Pollution Discharge Permit Management.

Encourage and restrain enterprises to actively implement environmental responsibility.Establish a system of enterprise environmental credit evaluation and blacklist of illegal sewage discharge, and the illegal information of enterprise environment will be recorded in the social credit file and made public. Establish a mandatory disclosure mechanism for environmental protection information of listed companies, and punish listed companies that fail to fulfill their disclosure obligations according to law. Implement the "leader" system of energy efficiency and environmental protection, and take measures such as fiscal and tax incentives and honor recognition to encourage enterprises to achieve higher standards of environmental protection goals. By 2020, the enterprise environmental credit evaluation system will be established at different levels, and the enterprise environmental credit information will be included in the national credit information sharing platform, and a trustworthy incentive and disciplinary mechanism will be established.

Establish and improve the ecological environment damage assessment and compensation system.Promote the standardized management of appraisal and evaluation of ecological environmental damage, and improve the technical methods of appraisal and evaluation. Before the end of 2017, complete the pilot reform of the compensation system for ecological environmental damage; Since 2018, the compensation system for ecological environmental damage has been piloted nationwide; By 2020, we will strive to initially establish an ecological environment damage compensation system nationwide.

Section 5 Implementing National Action

Improve the awareness of ecological environment protection in the whole society.Increase publicity and education on ecological environmental protection, organize environmental protection public welfare activities, develop ecological and cultural products, and comprehensively enhance the awareness of ecological environmental protection in the whole society. Local people’s governments at all levels, education authorities and news media should fulfill the responsibility of environmental protection publicity and education according to law, regard environmental protection and ecological civilization construction as an important part of practicing socialist core values, and implement the national environmental protection publicity and education action plan. Guide and resist and condemn excessive consumption, extravagant consumption, waste of resources and energy, and advocate the social fashion of thrift, green and low carbon. Encourage the creation of ecological and cultural works, enrich environmental protection publicity products, and carry out environmental protection public welfare publicity activities. Build a national ecological environment education platform to guide the public to practice green and simple life and low-carbon leisure mode. Primary schools, middle schools, institutions of higher learning, vocational schools, training institutions, etc. should incorporate ecological civilization education into the teaching content.

Promote green consumption.Strengthen the awareness of green consumption, improve the public’s awareness of self-discipline in environmental behavior, and accelerate the transformation from food, clothing, housing and transportation to green consumption. Implement the national energy-saving action plan, implement the ladder price system of water, electricity and gas for residents, and promote water-saving and energy-saving products and green furniture and building materials. Implement the green building action plan, improve the green building standards and certification system, and expand the scope of enforcement. More than 50% of new urban buildings in Beijing, Tianjin and Hebei will be green. Strengthen the government’s green procurement system, formulate a green product procurement catalogue, and advocate non-governmental organizations and enterprises to implement green procurement. Encourage green travel, improve walking and cycling conditions, and improve the urban public transport service system. By 2020, public transport in urban built-up areas with a permanent population of more than 3 million will account for 60% of motorized trips.

Strengthen information disclosure.Establish a unified release mechanism for ecological environment monitoring information. We will comprehensively promote the disclosure of ecological environment information such as atmosphere, water and soil, and promote the disclosure of ecological environment information of regulatory authorities, environmental information of pollutant discharge units and environmental impact assessment information of construction projects. All localities should establish a unified information disclosure platform and improve the feedback mechanism. Establish and improve the spokesman system for environmental protection.

Strengthen social supervision.Establish effective channels and reasonable mechanisms for public participation in environmental management decision-making, and encourage the public to supervise the government’s environmental protection work and enterprise’s pollution discharge behavior. In the process of project initiation, implementation and post-evaluation, a communication and consultation platform will be established to listen to public opinions and suggestions, and to ensure the public’s right to know, participate, supervise and express in the environment. Guide the news media, strengthen supervision by public opinion, and make full use of the "12369" environmental hotline and environmental protection WeChat reporting platform. Study and promote the guidance and demonstration system of typical environmental cases, promote the judicial organs to strengthen the protection of citizens’ environmental litigation rights, refine the legal procedures of environmental public interest litigation, strengthen technical support for environmental public interest litigation, and improve the environmental public interest litigation system.

Section VI Improving Governance Capability

Strengthen the construction of ecological environment monitoring network.Unified planning, optimization of environmental quality monitoring sites, the construction of a national environmental quality monitoring network covering elements such as atmosphere, water, soil, noise, radiation, etc., with reasonable layout and perfect functions, so as to realize the integrated sharing of ecological environmental monitoring information. The monitoring points of atmospheric and surface water environmental quality generally cover about 80% of counties, densely populated counties achieve full coverage, and soil environmental quality monitoring points achieve full coverage. Improve the level of atmospheric environmental quality prediction and pollution early warning, strengthen the tracking and analysis of pollution sources, and carry out atmospheric environmental quality prediction in cities at prefecture level and above. Build a national water quality monitoring and early warning platform. Strengthen the monitoring of persistent, bioaccumulative and harmful pollutants in drinking water sources and soil. Strengthen the monitoring and early warning of centralized drinking water source quality and water body radioactivity in cities and towns in key river basins. Establish an ecological remote sensing monitoring system integrating heaven and earth, realize the networking operation of environmental satellites, and strengthen remote sensing monitoring of drones and ground ecological monitoring. Construct a biodiversity observation network.

Strengthen the capacity building of environmental supervision and law enforcement.Realize the grid management of environmental supervision, optimize the allocation of supervision power, and promote the extension of environmental supervision services to rural areas. Improve the system of selection, training and assessment of environmental supervision law enforcement personnel, enrich the front-line law enforcement team, ensure law enforcement equipment, strengthen the ability of on-site law enforcement and evidence collection, and strengthen the professional construction of environmental supervision law enforcement team. Implement the national two-way exchange plan for talents in environmental protection system and strengthen the construction of environmental supervision and law enforcement teams in the central and western regions. By 2020, the qualification training and full coverage of environmental supervision and law enforcement personnel at all levels will be basically realized, and the equipment of county-level environmental law enforcement agencies will basically meet the demand.

Strengthen the construction of eco-environmental protection information system.Organize the second national survey of pollution sources, and establish and improve the national list of basic units of pollution sources. Strengthen the ability of environmental statistics, bring small and micro enterprises into the scope of environmental statistics, sort out the data of pollutant discharge, and gradually realize the integration and return of various sets of data. Establish the basic database and information management system of typical ecological areas. Build and improve a unified and comprehensive real-time online environmental monitoring and control system throughout the country. Accelerate the construction of ecological environment big data platform, realize the integration and dynamic update of ecological environment quality, pollution source discharge, environmental law enforcement, environmental assessment management, natural ecology, nuclear and radiation data, establish an information disclosure and sharing platform, and start the pilot project of ecological environment big data construction. Improve the technical level of intelligent environmental management, focus on improving the automation and intelligent technical level of environmental pollution control technology, and establish an environmental data sharing and product service business system.

Chapter IX Implementation of a number of major national ecological and environmental protection projects

During the "Thirteenth Five-Year Plan" period, the state organized and implemented 25 key projects, such as industrial pollution sources reaching the standard in an all-round way, established major project libraries, and strengthened project performance management. The investment in the project is mainly from enterprises and local governments, and the central government gives appropriate support.

Chapter X Perfect Planning and Implement Safeguard Measures

The first section defines the division of tasks

Clarify local target responsibilities.Local people’s governments at all levels are responsible for the implementation of the plan. They should incorporate the objectives, tasks, measures and key projects of ecological environmental protection into the national economic and social development plan of the region, and formulate and publish the key tasks and annual targets of ecological environmental protection. All regions shall publicize the information on the implementation of the plan, promote the participation and supervision of the whole society, and ensure that all tasks are fully completed.

Departments work together to promote planning tasks.Relevant departments should perform their respective duties, cooperate closely, improve the system and mechanism, increase capital investment, and intensify the implementation of the plan. Establish cooperation mechanisms in the fields of atmosphere, water, soil, heavy metals and biodiversity, and regularly study and solve major problems. The Ministry of Environmental Protection reports the progress of key environmental protection work to the State Council every year.

Section 2 Increase investment

Increase financial investment.In accordance with the requirements of the division of powers and expenditure responsibilities between the central and local governments, accelerate the establishment of a financial management system that is compatible with the responsibility of environmental protection expenditure, and finance at all levels should guarantee the key expenditures of ecological and environmental protection at the same level. Optimize the use of innovative special funds for environmental protection, and increase support for the third-party governance of environmental pollution and the cooperation model of government and social capital. According to the requirements of landscape forest, field and lake system management, integrate the funds related to ecological protection and restoration.

Broaden financing channels.Improve the user payment system and support business environmental protection projects. Actively promote the cooperation between the government and social capital, explore ways to make up for the investment in pollution prevention projects and the return on social capital with the proceeds from resource development projects and comprehensive utilization of resources, and attract social capital to participate in quasi-public welfare and public welfare environmental protection projects. Encourage social capital to set up environmental protection funds in a market-oriented way. Encourage venture capital enterprises, equity investment enterprises and social donations to increase investment in ecological and environmental protection.

Section III Strengthening International Cooperation

Participate in international environmental governance.Actively participate in the construction of global environmental governance rules, deeply participate in the negotiation of international conventions on the environment, international conventions on nuclear safety and international trade and investment agreements related to the environment, undertake and fulfill international responsibilities that are suitable for large developing countries, and do a good job in performance. Standardize the activities of overseas environmental protection organizations in China according to law. Intensify publicity and tell the environmental protection story of China to the outside world. According to the unified deployment of foreign aid, increase foreign aid and innovate foreign aid methods.

Improve the level of international cooperation.Establish and improve the exchange and cooperation mechanism with relevant countries, international organizations, research institutions and non-governmental organizations, build a dialogue and exchange platform, promote international exchanges and cooperation in ecological and environmental protection concepts, management systems and policies, environmental protection industry technology, and comprehensively improve the level of internationalization. Organize and carry out a number of international cooperation projects in the fields of atmosphere, water, soil and biodiversity. Implement the United Nations 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development. Strengthen dialogue, exchanges and practical cooperation with countries, regions and international organizations in the field of ecological environment protection and nuclear safety. Strengthen South-South cooperation and actively carry out foreign cooperation in the fields of eco-environmental protection and nuclear safety. Severely crack down on illegal trade in chemicals and illegal transboundary movement of solid waste.

Section IV Promoting Pilot Demonstration

Promote the construction of the national ecological civilization experimental zone.With the goal of improving the quality of ecological environment and promoting green development, and focusing on system innovation, system supply and model exploration, a unified and standardized national ecological civilization experimental zone will be established. Actively promote "green cell" projects such as green communities, green schools and eco-industrial parks. By 2017, important progress has been made in the key reform tasks in the experimental area, resulting in a number of system of ecological civilization achievements that are operable and effective; By 2020, the experimental area will take the lead in building a relatively complete system of ecological civilization system, forming a number of major institutional achievements that can be replicated and promoted throughout the country.

Strengthen demonstration and guidance.In-depth development of ecological civilization construction demonstration zone, improve the level of standardization and institutionalization, and pay attention to the regional balance of creation. Strengthen the coordination and linkage between creation and key environmental protection work, strengthen follow-up supervision and management, carry out effectiveness evaluation and experience summary, and publicize and popularize the existing replicable and referential creation model.

Further promote the pilot demonstration of key policy systems.We will carry out pilot projects for comprehensive reform and innovation of rural environmental protection systems and mechanisms. Pilot division of environmental quality control areas and non-standard control areas, respectively, in accordance with emission standards and quality constraints, the implementation of pollution source supervision and emission permits. We will promote the pilot reform of environmental auditing, environmental damage compensation, environmental service industry and government-purchased services, strengthen policy support and supervision, and expand the pilot areas and industries of third-party pollution control in a timely manner. We will carry out pilot projects for comprehensive reform of provincial ecological and environmental protection.

Section 5 Strict evaluation and examination

The Ministry of Environmental Protection shall, jointly with relevant departments, regularly schedule the progress of major projects in environmental quality improvement, key pollutant discharge and ecological environmental protection in various provinces (autonomous regions and municipalities), and make the results public. Integrate all kinds of ecological environment assessment, and at the end of 2018 and 2020, respectively, conduct mid-term assessment and final assessment on the implementation of this plan, and report the assessment results to the State Council and announce them to the public, which will serve as an important basis for the comprehensive assessment of leading bodies and leading cadres.