[Aika car original]

　　The operation of automobile engine is inseparable from the air intake. As an important fuel injection index of EFI engine, the air intake is almost equal to the automobile power.Under the same circumstances, the more air inhaled in the combustion chamber, the more fuel is burned, and the more horsepower and work are generated.

　　Because the air contains a lot of dust and impurities, the engine needs to set a filter element at the entrance of the air intake, which is what we often call an air filter element (air filter for short). Friends who know a little about cars are no strangers to air filters, but do you know that the differences in air filters will also affect vehicles? The reason is very simple. For cars, air filter is equivalent to the mask we wear. The material is too thin and the dust is not filtered thoroughly enough. And the material is too thick, which will affect normal breathing.On the whole, a good air filter should not only ensure good filterability, but also take into account sufficient air intake.

Introduction to air filtration

　　However, I think that the relationship between filterability and air intake is a trade-off. After all, air filtration materials need to have a certain density to block dust, and in this process, air flow and velocity will be lost.

Second, the cross-evaluation test

　　In this session, we will test the air intake and filterability of several air filters respectively, during which we will use a special decoder to read the engine air intake data, and we will also use some simple tools to observe the air intake changes intuitively.

　　Of course, even without tools, the differences between some products can be roughly seen through static observation.

1. Static comparison

　　Air filter is mainly composed of filter material and sealing ring. Although the structure is simple, the difference in workmanship is not the same. There are several items that can show the details of product workmanship, such as the thickness of filter paper, the uniformity and thickness error of PU foam of sealing ring, and the hardness and softness of sealing ring material, which will directly affect the use effect and service life of air filtration in the later stage.

　　Although the difference between the thickness and hardness of sealing ring can not be directly used as a standard to evaluate the quality of air filtration, the comparison of errors between multiple measurement points and average values can also reflect the manufacturing level of a brand. The error value of original air filter is 0.18~0.27mm, Mann brand error is 0.56~0.85mm, Leopard King is 0.36~0.49mm, and K&N is 0.04 ~ 0.05 mm..

　　It is worth mentioning that the cotton filter material used by K&N is light and thin, and the large surface pores can effectively increase the air intake, while the filter oil just makes up for the defects of the large pores in filterability, achieving the dual effects of high flow and strong filtration, which is also the fundamental reason why the performance of wet filter element is better than that of dry filter element.

　　At this point, the appearance differences of several air filters are relatively clear. K&N air filtration is the best regardless of filter material thickness, glue injection process or various errors. Among the other three air filters, Man Pai ranks second with its high filter paper thickness and glue injection process, but there is still room for improvement in error. In contrast, the original air filter has a strong advantage in error control, but the thickness of the filter paper is thin, which may lead to poor filtration performance. Regrettably, the performance of Leopard King Air Filter in this link is not ideal, and all rankings are hovering in the penultimate position.

2. Comparison of air intake

　　Adequate air intake is an important factor for the engine to maintain normal operation. After entering the engine, air will form a certain concentration of mixed gas with fuel, and the ratio of air to fuel mass that constitutes the mixed gas becomes the air-fuel ratio (the ratio of air mass to fuel mass).

　　Although the EFI engine will adjust the fuel injection quantity through a series of closed-loop control (control mode with various sensors participating in information feedback),Keep the air-fuel ratio at the best state of 14.7:1 as far as possible, but only if the air intake performance of the air filter is strong enough.If the density of filter material is too large, although there will be a large air intake in the early stage of use, dust can easily enter the engine; In the later stage, the air filter is also easily blocked by dirt, resulting in low air intake, which in turn leads to a decrease in fuel injection of the engine and a lack of power.

　　After experiencing the above episode, we can draw a conclusion — —The sealing ring error of air filter will bring some obstacles to installation.Although the error is only within 1mm, the smoothness of installation is directly related to the good impression brought by the air filter brand.

　　Although the difference between the strongest and weakest air intake intensity is not more than 1bft, the difference is very obvious when it is transformed into the specific data of the engine. While measuring the airflow intensity, we also read the idle speed data of the engine when installing different air filters through the decoder.

　　The concept of "load" in the four comparative projects needs special explanation:The load value here does not refer to the resistance overcome by engine operation. In short, the load value is the amount of mixture entering the cylinder. You can think that the greater the load = the more intake air.

　　Generally speaking, the test results of self-made instruments are in high consistency with the engine computer data.In the end, the ranking of the air intake of the four air filters is K&N- Man Brand-Leopard King-Original Air Filter.

　　Although Man brand air filter closely follows K&N in data, due to the characteristics of dry filter element, the intake limit can only be equal to the lowest value of K&N; In this link, Leopard King and the original air filter have obviously opened the distance, especially after comparing the engine data, Leopard King’s advantage is still very gratifying.

As a new generation of Jietu family, this car is absolutely very attractive, and the overall route is round. In terms of outline, Jetway X95 adopts Jetway family style, with smooth lines, wide mouth, sharp headlights on both sides, and bright headlights. Waistline design The rising waistline creates a sense of readiness, which looks very sporty and the wheel design looks very smart. Tail design through the use of lines, so that the three-dimensional sense outlined by the lines at the tail is further strengthened, and the split taillight design of the new car is more full.

As soon as I entered the car, the stitching was very fashionable and the materials used were also very fashionable. The large leather coverage of the steering wheel brings a good sense of luxury, and at the same time, it is practical with shift paddles. The central control part is wrapped in a lot of soft plastic, and the materials and workmanship are exquisite. The 12.3-inch instrument panel has a large screen, and the screen design is simple, but it is fully functional. The front row is also equipped with a manual air conditioning control system, which can freely debug the most comfortable space atmosphere. The leather seat looks very textured.

The Jetway X95 has a car length of 4858mm, a car body width of 1925mm and a wheelbase of 2850mm, which is quite satisfactory. In the same class, the wheelbase of Jetway X95 ranks 16th. The 7-seat skylight of Jietu X951.6T Times Edition provides a wider view, which can create a better visual environment and good sensitivity for the rear passengers and increase the light entrance for the whole vehicle. Among the models of the same price and class, the trunk volume of Jetway X95 ranks second. Spatial performance is limited by vehicle positioning, and the performance is acceptable, and the flatness is no problem, but the total space is average.

Jetway X95 is equipped with a combination of 1.6 turbocharged engine (direct injection) and wet dual clutch (DCT). The whole power parameters are superior in power performance among engines of the same class, which can provide better power performance. Ranked 52nd among 120,000-180,000 SUV models.

The active/passive safety configuration of Jetway X95 is complete, includingAutomatic parking、Zero tire pressure endurance tire、Automatic parking、Steep slope descent、hill start assist control、knee airbag、HUD head-up display、Anti-lock braking (ABS)、Braking force distribution (EBD/CBC, etc.)、Brake assist (EBA/BAS, etc.)、Traction control (ASR/TCS, etc.)、Active noise reduction、Engine start and stop、Side safety air curtain、Wireless charging of mobile phone、night vision system、LED daytime running lights、Forward reversing radar、Tire pressure monitoring、Steering wheel heating、Body stability control (ESP/DSC, etc.)、Rear reversing radar、Fatigue reminder、Remote parking、Child seat interface、Lane keeping (LKAS)Equal configuration.

Among them,Automatic parkingYou can avoid stepping on the brakes for a long time or needing to pull frequently;Steep slope descentCan safely pass through steep slope road conditions at low speed;knee airbagReduce the injury of the car interior to the occupant’s knees in the secondary collision.

In order to have a more comprehensive and objective understanding of Jetway X95, you can go to the Jetway X95 forum and browse the messages of users who have bought the car in history.

Huawei didn’t know the importance of the whole industry chain until it was restricted by the United States, and only then did it know the importance of chips. As the backbone of China’s manufacturing industry, the three major components have also gone through the arduous process from purchase to independent research and development. Huawei will win and China will win! Therefore, we should support domestic production and China manufacturing. Therefore, I choose Huawei to buy a mobile phone and I choose to buy a car. Why? With plus, I’ll show you the level of the next three pieces-all independently developed!

Three parts of the car-engine, gearbox and chassis; Correspondingly, the Roewe RX5 PLUS adopts the second-generation "Blue Core" 1.5TGI in-cylinder direct injection turbocharged engine, matching the TST 7-speed dual-clutch gearbox, and at the same time adoptingExtreme comfort. Let’s take a look at it in detail.

First of all, as the core of, it adopts a brand-new self-developed1.5TGI in-cylinder direct injection turbocharged engine.The maximum power of the engine is 127kW and the maximum torque is 275Nm.,The fuel consumption per 100 kilometers is only 6.8L, full of power and low, very competitive in the same class.

Let’s talk about it again. Roewe RX5 PLUS is equipped with TST 7-speed dual-clutch gearbox. Dual clutch gearbox is a great innovation of gearbox, which effectively improves the transmission efficiency of gearbox and improves the fuel consumption of the whole vehicle. Some people may want to talk about frustration and other issues, which is what I will talk about next. After several generations of product optimization, the frustration of DCT has been obviously improved. At least I still feel very smooth in the experience process, comparable to AT.DCT. It is also the development trend of gearboxes in recent years.Widely used, the medium and high torque models in joint venture brands are mainly based on routes; Korean medium and high torque models are also mainly based on routes, such as:,,,,,, and so on.Foreign luxury brands also commonly use dual-clutch gearboxes, such as Mercedes-Benz and Audi, which are mainly used in medium-torque models, while high-torque models use dual-clutch gearboxes and AT gearboxes. Some BMW sports models also use dual-clutch gearboxes.

Finally, let’s talk about chassis adjustment. According to the survey, domestic users have higher and higher requirements for chassis comfort. SAIC Roewe analyzes users’ demands and suggestions to improve the impact and comfort.As the main goal, the PLUS is carried out.Six major optimization upgrades-top mount optimization, shock absorber adjustment, elastic element optimization, Ride bushing optimization, blade arm bushing optimization, and suspension system optimization. These have greatly increased the driving experience of Roewe RX5 plus.

In fact, Roewe RX5 has many things to say besides three big pieces. The first thing to say is the 14.1-inch 2.5D four-curved glass screen. Look at the picture below. Isn’t it delicious?

Let’s take a look at the wireless charging of oblique mobile phones., not sweet?

I won’t list the other starships with 47.8 optimal grip gear, 12.3-inch combined LCD virtual instrument and oversized trunk.

Support independent brands, support China manufacturing, and support Roewe RX5 PLUS! If you find useful tips, please leave a message in the comment area! Type liquid crystal virtual instrument

Although many people like cvt gearbox when buying a car, young people generally choose a car with dual-clutch gearbox, because the comprehensive performance of the car with dual-clutch gearbox is better than CVT and at. Dual-clutch gearbox is not only faster, but also ideal in terms of fuel consumption. However, dual-clutch gearbox is divided into wet dual-clutch and dry dual-clutch. Compared with dry dual-clutch gearbox, wet dual-clutch gearbox is slightly inferior in performance, but the failure rate is lower, and the optimization degree of dry dual-clutch gearbox is better.

However, some people say that although they bought the ideal dual-clutch gearbox, they will find that the dual-clutch gearbox is not durable at all after a few years of use. After using it for a long time, the car will show signs of special oil consumption. Xiaobian wants to remind everyone that you may have used it wrong. When we use the car, although the performance of the dual-clutch gearbox is relatively strong, we drive it violently for a long time, and then we don’t change the gearbox oil when we go to maintain the car. It is easy to cause abnormal conditions in the dual-clutch gearbox, and even shorten the service life of the gearbox, leading to problems in the car.

Then we should change the gearbox oil according to the performance of the gearbox after the car has traveled about 60 thousand km. After changing the gearbox oil, we can use the car with confidence. However, some people have mentioned that even if the car is changed with new gearbox oil, the gearbox will be stuck when it is working. What is going on? In fact, there are many ways to prevent the car from having problems besides changing the gearbox oil when maintaining the car daily. The first one is to clean up the carbon deposit.

Problems with fuel vehicles are mostly caused by you constantly changing the speed of the vehicle, so the vehicle can’t be in a stable working condition during operation, and the efficiency of gasoline combustion will also show problems. Some chemicals in gasoline will continue to form and accumulate, slowly occupying the cylinder block of the whole engine, and the vehicle is prone to carbon deposition problems.

The car was stuck when it was speeding up, or the power decreased when it was running, etc., which showed that the owner did not do all the maintenance, but simply changed the "five oils and three waters" and did not clean up the carbon deposits. Therefore, in addition to changing the way of using the car for daily use, so that the engine can have a stable efficiency when working, we should also find a reasonable way to clean up the carbon deposits, prevent excessive carbon deposits from leaving behind and affect the operating efficiency of the car, so that we can use the car with peace of mind.

When it comes to cleaning up carbon deposits, Xiao Bian also wants to remind everyone that the problem must not be solved in the wrong way, because the carbon deposits have been consolidated for too long, and it is very hard. If some parts are removed to clean up carbon deposits, I am afraid it will cause secondary failures. If some parts are abnormal, the cost of replacing parts will also make the owners feel very stressed.

How can we solve the problems in the car with gentle methods and achieve an efficient carbon removal effect? Xiao Bian recommends that you use the following carbon removal method. After using this method, the carbon deposits quickly soften and can be quickly discharged from the exhaust pipe, so that it is not easy to form secondary accumulation, and truly eliminate the problems on the car from the root cause. To extend the service life of the dual-clutch gearbox, we must adopt such carbon removal skills.

If the engine is the heart of the car, then the gearbox is an adjustment mechanism for the function of the heart, and the quality of the gearbox can bring better feelings to the driver. For example, the slow start, smooth speed increase or timely supply of power response are all determined by the gearbox.

Although Japanese gearboxes such as Aisin and ZF are very good, China’s domestic gearboxes are not bad, and one of them is one of the top ten in the world.

Let’s talk about this seven-speed dual-clutch gearbox of the Great Wall, which has been on the Great Wall for many years, and its durability and driving experience are also quite good. With the 1.5T engine and front and rear suspension system of the Great Wall, whether it is the off-road ability of the big dog or the strong power of Harvard h6, it is the fresh power provided by this seven-speed wet dual-clutch gearbox.

The second Geely DSI 6AT gearbox.

Geely has rushed to the position of the domestic leader in recent years. Not only with clever sales strategy and marketing methods, this domestic top three gearbox has accounted for quite enough credit.to sayeconomicalSome of the models, the gearbox carried by Geely Emgrand, make the power play a full and good economic ability. Whether it is home or online car, its economic performance is completely without black influence.

The third model, Chery Wan Liyang cvt25 gearbox, is said to be a technical stream. Chery’s engine and gearbox are among the most capable domestic cars. The series of Chery models of this gearbox jointly developed by Chery and Wan Liyang are equipped with this gearbox. In addition to the CVT’s own high speed, stable and simple structure and low maintenance cost, the improved gearbox of this car has the advantages of high efficiency, low fuel consumption and low noise. Among them, it is more inclined to household use, which is not inferior to Honda’s cvt stepless gearbox.

The last one is DF515 of Changan, a dual-clutch gearbox. Apart from the famous Blue Whale engine in Changan, there are only five five-speed dual-clutch gearboxes of DF515.gearHowever, the speed increase is smooth, and it can really meet the use of daily travel. It is released on cs series models respectively, which meets the needs of mass consumers at limited cost, which Changan has done very well.

What do you think of this matter? Please leave a comment below. See you next time.

　　

Israeli female soldier

Click to browse military pictures.

　　

Israeli female soldier

Cleaning Palestinian bodies.

Pose for photos; Strip a man to his underwear, and then beat him at will; Help comrades-in-arms cover up the fact of abusing boys … On the 15th of this month, a documentary about the inner pain of Israeli female soldiers in the context of the Palestinian-Israeli conflict began to be broadcast in Israel. When the dark memories of the six heroines in the film were coldly put out, the reaction in Israel was not only controversial, but also shocking. Ha ‘aretz exclaimed, "God, what have we done?"

According to Reuters, this documentary is called "See if I’m smiling". Sandler is the first girl in the film. When she joined the army, she was sent to Hebron as a medical worker to evacuate the wounded. But now, she has to rely on alcohol to make herself forget "everything terrible in Hebron." In the film, she said that she first faced death in 2001. A little girl was killed by a Pakistani sniper. Sandler blamed herself for not saving her life, but people said to her, "Congratulations, you have the first dead man". Sandler has another job-cleaning up the bodies of Ba people. One day, she and her comrades pulled back a stinking body. "The smell makes me want to vomit," Sandler said. "But the medical officer said that before returning the body to the Palestinian government, he must be washed clean, leaving no blood, let alone letting the Palestinians see what we did to him." "The man was hit hard on the head and slowly bled to death. I helped him close his eyes because I felt that he would be afraid. But when I started cleaning, his eyes suddenly opened, and I was really scared. " What makes her unbearable is that during a cleaning, the body actually got an erection. Many female soldiers came to watch the fun and take pictures. She said that she wanted to see the photos of herself, "to see if I was smiling".

Ha ‘aretz reported that Tamar, the director of the film, was also an Israeli female soldier and witnessed the abuse of violence by the Israeli army. Once, she was awakened from her dream by a comrade-in-arms and pulled to the basement. There, Israeli soldiers were pressing the head of a Palestinian on the engine. "His head vibrated with the engine and his expression was very scary." Tamar said that when she reported to her superiors the next day, the answer was "This is not your business".

Tamar said that recalling this film, Sandler’s opening remarks most shocked her: "Sometimes I think I’m crazy, because those memories are far from reality, and maybe they never happened, but I feel so strongly today that I know they are all facts." (Global Times Global Network)

　　

Israeli officials say Syria’s security measures make its facilities weak against air strikes.

The commander of the Israeli navy is of China descent and has achieved extraordinary things.

The Israel Defense Forces conducted large-scale military exercises.

Female soldiers run for "Miss America", and US troops set up new idols for overseas wars.

American soldiers want "human rights" and resolutely defend the right to read pornographic magazines.

American veterans have a bleak evening scene, and the proportion of veterans among the homeless is amazing.

[1] [2] [3] [4] [5] [6]

　　

Editor: Cao Jin

On August 30th, China Internet Network Information Center (CNNIC) released the 44th Statistical Report on Internet Development in China (hereinafter referred to as "Report"). The Report shows the development of China’s Internet in the first half of 2019 from the aspects of Internet infrastructure, the scale and structure of netizens, the development of Internet applications, the development of Internet government applications and Internet security.

Since the 19th National Congress of the Communist Party of China, under the strong leadership of the CPC Central Committee with the Supreme Leader as the core, all regions and departments have thoroughly implemented the spirit of the National Conference on Cybersecurity and Informatization, and the overall construction of a network power has been promoted, and the network security guarantee capability has been steadily improved. The important role of the Internet in economic and social development has become more prominent. In the first half of 2019, the development of Internet in China showed six characteristics.

First, the number of IPv6 addresses ranks first in the world, and the number of ".CN" domain names continues to grow.

As of June 2019, the number of IPv6 addresses in China was 50,286 /32, an increase of 14.3% compared with the end of 2018, ranking first in the world. The scale deployment of IPv6 in China is accelerating, with the number of IPv6 active users reaching 130 million, and the number of IPv6 address users allocated by basic telecom enterprises is 1.207 billion. The total number of domain names is 48 million, of which the total number of ".CN" domain names is 21.85 million, an increase of 2.9% compared with the end of 2018, accounting for 45.5% of the total number of domain names in China. In June 2019, the first "China Internet Basic Resources Conference 2019" was held in Beijing. Focusing on the overall situation of the strategy of strengthening the country through the Internet, the conference reviewed the development of China’s Internet twenty-fifth anniversary, focused on the development of the Internet basic resources industry, demonstrated cutting-edge innovative technologies, built an industry exchange platform, and promoted the standardized and orderly development of the industry.

Second, the Internet penetration rate exceeded 60%, and the use of mobile Internet continued to deepen.

As of June 2019, the number of netizens in China reached 854 million, an increase of 25.98 million compared with the end of 2018, and the Internet penetration rate reached 61.2%, an increase of 1.6 percentage points compared with the end of 2018; The number of mobile Internet users in China reached 847 million, an increase of 29.84 million compared with the end of 2018, and the proportion of Internet users using mobile phones reached 99.1%, an increase of 0.5 percentage points compared with the end of 2018. Compared with five years ago, the average download rate of mobile broadband has increased by about 6 times, and the tariff level of mobile Internet traffic has dropped by over 90%. "Speed-up and fee reduction" has promoted a substantial increase in mobile Internet traffic, with users using 7.2GB of mobile traffic per month, which is 1.2 times the global average; The consumption of mobile Internet access traffic reached 55.39 billion GB, a year-on-year increase of 107.3%.

Third, the sinking market releases consumption kinetic energy, and cross-border e-commerce and other fields continue to develop.

As of June 2019, the number of online shopping users in China reached 639 million, an increase of 28.71 million compared with the end of 2018, accounting for 74.8% of the total netizens. The online shopping market has maintained a rapid development, and the sinking market, cross-border e-commerce and model innovation have provided new growth momentum for the online shopping market: in terms of geography, the sinking market represented by small and medium-sized cities and rural areas has expanded the growth space of online consumption, and the e-commerce platform has accelerated the sinking of channels; In terms of format, the retail import volume of cross-border e-commerce continued to grow, and favorable policies further promoted the development of the industry; In terms of modes, new modes such as live broadcast with goods, factory e-commerce and community retail have flourished and become new highlights of online consumption growth.

Fourth, the network video operation is more professional, and the entertainment content ecology is gradually built.

As of June 2019, the number of online video users in China reached 759 million, an increase of 33.91 million compared with the end of 2018, accounting for 88.8% of the total netizens. The major video platforms further subdivide the content categories and produce and operate them professionally, and the entertainment content ecology of the industry is gradually formed; Each platform is based on core product types such as TV series, movies, variety shows, animation, etc., and constantly expands to emerging product types such as games, e-sports, music, etc. IP(Intellectual Property) is the center, and linkage is realized by integrating resources inside and outside the platform, thus forming an entertainment content ecology in which video content cooperates with music, literature, games, e-commerce and other fields.

Fifth, the application of online education has progressed steadily, making up for the shortcomings of rural education.

As of June 2019, the number of online education users in China reached 232 million, an increase of 31.22 million compared with the end of 2018, accounting for 27.2% of the total netizens. In 2019, the "Government Work Report" clearly proposed the development of "Internet+education" to promote the sharing of high-quality resources. With the development of online education, hardware facilities such as video conference rooms, live video rooms and multimedia classrooms in some rural areas have been continuously improved, and famous teachers’ classes in the countryside and parents’ classes have gradually become popular, providing new solutions for the development of rural education. Making up for the shortcomings of rural education through the Internet provides the possibility for young people in remote areas to change their destiny through education and provides conditions for the balanced development of education in various regions of China.

Sixth, the online government penetration rate is nearly 60%, and the service level continues to improve.

As of June 2019, the number of online government service users in China reached 509 million, accounting for 59.6% of the total netizens. In terms of government affairs disclosure, in the first half of 2019, governments at all levels made efforts to improve the quality of government affairs disclosure and deepen information disclosure in key areas; In the development of new media for government affairs, the governments of 297 prefecture-level administrative regions in China have opened new media communication channels such as "two micro-ends", with an overall coverage rate of 88.9%; In the construction of an integrated online government service platform, governments at all levels have accelerated the development of online and offline integration of service halls, and gradually realized "one network to run" and "one station to the outside world"; In the application of new technologies, governments at all levels take data openness as the support and new technology application as the means, and the service model is constantly innovating; In the development of county-level media integration, governments at all levels adhere to the principle of mobility, intelligence and service, and actively carry out the construction of county-level media integration centers, with initial results.

The 44th Statistical Report on Internet Development in China (full text)

The 44th Statistical Report on Internet Development in China

　　At noon on May 18th, 2011, a glass curtain wall of Times Financial Center Building in Pudong, Shanghai suddenly fell from the 46th floor, damaging many cars in the parking lot of Lujiazui Ring Road on the north side to varying degrees.

　　On the evening of June 17, a piece of glass fell from the glass curtain wall of Changhong Century City in Mianyang, Sichuan, killing the owner of the community who was walking below (Chengdu Business Daily reported continuously).

　　This extreme incident has also aroused the concern of citizens and netizens about the safety of glass curtain walls and related responsibilities.

　　A reporter from Chengdu Business Daily visited and investigated in the past week and found that glass curtain walls are common in the whole country, but there are many hidden dangers.

　　There is also a hidden responsibility problem behind the hidden danger — — According to the relevant management measures issued by the state before, the main body of the safety maintenance of the glass curtain wall after the warranty period is the owner himself.

　　Chengdu Business Daily reporter Tang Xiaojun

　　Who is responsible for the safety of glass curtain wall?

　　The main body of safety maintenance after the warranty period is the owner.

　　On June 24th, Chengdu Business Daily reporter once again came to Mianyang Changhong Century City Community to talk about the risks of glass curtain wall. No matter whether it was installed by himself or other owners, there was a kind of worry in his words. "It is very troublesome for glass to fall and hit others, or to be hit by glass." However, for the daily safety maintenance and responsibility of glass, the interviewed owners are at a loss.

　　"In fact, there have been regulations for a long time, but everyone didn’t pay much attention." In this regard, the relevant person in charge of Mianyang Engineering Quality Supervision Department introduced that in 2006, the then Ministry of Construction issued the "Administrative Measures for the Safety Maintenance of Curtain Walls of Existing Buildings", in which Article 8 is the determination of the responsible person for the safety maintenance of curtain walls of existing buildings: (1) If the building is owned by a single owner, the owner shall be the responsible person for the safety maintenance of its curtain walls; (2) If the building is jointly owned by multiple owners, each owner shall jointly determine a person responsible for safety maintenance to take the lead in the safety maintenance of the building curtain wall.

　　"That is to say, the owner is responsible for the safety maintenance of the glass curtain wall after the warranty period. After the two-year warranty period, the owner should carry out strict inspection and safety maintenance in time according to the requirements of relevant specifications. For example, in a residential community, the owner can entrust the property company to check and maintain on time. " The person in charge explained.

　　So, how should the maintainer carry out maintenance? The person in charge further introduced that according to the "Technical Specification for Glass Curtain Wall Engineering" issued by the Ministry of Construction in 2003, it is required to conduct a comprehensive inspection of the curtain wall project one year after the completion and acceptance of the curtain wall project, and then every five years. The inspection items include whether the curtain wall as a whole is deformed, dislocated, loose, etc. Whether the glass panel is loose or damaged; Whether the sealant is degummed, cracked and blistered, and whether the sealing strip is damaged by falling off and aging; Whether the opening part can be opened and closed flexibly, whether the hardware accessories have functional obstacles or damage, and whether the installation bolts are loose and ineffective; Whether the drainage system of curtain wall is unobstructed. After the curtain wall project is used for 10 years, the silicone sealants in different parts of the project should be sampled for bonding performance; It should be checked every three years thereafter.

　　"The Technical Specification for Glass Curtain Wall Engineering puts forward standards, which must be done during inspection and maintenance. The comprehensive inspection one year after the completion acceptance specified above is carried out by the construction unit and the construction unit, and will be carried out every five years thereafter, because after the warranty period, it should be the maintainer, that is, the owner or the safety responsible person entrusted by the owner. " The person in charge said.

　　The reporter learned that the Changhong Century City Community where the accident occurred was delivered around 2011. According to the previous regulations, the glass curtain wall has passed the warranty period. However, among the eight owners interviewed by the reporter, none of them knew that they were the main body of safety maintenance of the glass curtain wall after the warranty period, let alone the service life and how to maintain it.

　　"When buying a house, no one talked about the service life of the glass curtain wall, nor did they say how to maintain it." An owner of Changhong Century City said. Another owner surnamed Wu said that the glass curtain wall is a part of the whole building, and the developer should ensure the quality and safety. It cannot be said that the problem of glass is the owner’s problem. "Everyone spends the same money to buy a house. If the glass curtain wall is to be maintained by the owner himself, then we will suffer a big loss compared with other owners."

　　The glass curtain wall of the accident community is a hidden frame.

　　Glass curtain walls have fallen in many places.

　　In recent days, Chengdu Business Daily reporter visited 15 residential areas built in recent years in Mianyang City, and found that in residential areas such as "1958" and "Shuiyun Riverside", glass curtain walls were installed in buildings on the top 3 to 5 floors. Li Ning, general manager of Changhong Real Estate Mianyang Company, said that the glass curtain wall is divided into open frame, semi-hidden frame and hidden frame, and Changhong Century City Community uses hidden frame. The reporter learned on the spot that many of these communities using glass curtain walls use hidden frames.

　　Why choose the hidden box? The project manager of Changhong Century City Community said that the hidden frame is two pieces of glass directly evacuated and glued together, and the open frame is glass embedded in a frame structure, "the hidden frame is more beautiful." The project manager admitted that insulating glass can provide sound insulation, heat insulation, frost prevention, etc., but there are also potential safety hazards and disadvantages of light pollution. The reporter found that in recent years, glass curtain wall falling accidents have occurred both inside and outside the province, causing casualties and property losses such as cars.

　　Why install glass curtain wall? In the survey, many Mianyang real estate developers pointed to the Technical Regulations on Urban Planning and Management of Mianyang City, which requires that the roof should be decorated with aluminum profiles, glass, steel and other materials … … On June 23, a staff member of Mianyang Planning Bureau pointed out that the planning unit would not ask the developer to make a glass curtain wall, but would only stipulate what style should be used in a certain area.

　　In 2015, the country has a new regulation that some new residential high-rise buildings ban glass curtain walls.

　　In response to the frequent glass curtain wall accidents, the reporter found that the Ministry of Housing and Urban-Rural Development and the State Administration of Work Safety jointly issued the Notice on Further Strengthening the Safety Protection of Glass Curtain Wall in 2015, clearly requiring that some new buildings on the second floor and above should not use glass curtain walls.

　　The Notice stipulates that glass curtain walls shall not be used on the second floor or above in new residential buildings, office buildings of party and government organs, emergency rooms and wards of hospitals, primary and secondary schools, nurseries, kindergartens and buildings for the elderly. Full-hidden frame glass curtain walls are strictly prohibited in crowded and mobile commercial centers, transportation hubs, public cultural and sports facilities and other places, near roads, squares and buildings with entrances and exits and personnel passages at the lower part. If glass curtain walls are installed on the second floor or above of the above buildings, buffer areas such as green belts or podium should be reasonably set in the surrounding area below the curtain walls, and protective measures such as overhangs and impact-proof awnings can also be adopted.

　　Why should the use of glass curtain walls be restricted? The "Notice" pointed out that in recent years, accidental incidents of damage and injury caused by self-explosion and falling off of curtain wall glass in individual cities have endangered people’s lives and property safety and aroused social concern. The reasons for these safety hazards are not only the technical defects and material defects in the early glass curtain wall project, but also the lack of attention to the safety protection work in specific environments and buildings such as dense personnel and high mobility. "The failure to implement the maintenance and management responsibility of glass curtain wall is also an important reason."

　　The "Notice" further clarifies that the owner is responsible for the safety maintenance of the glass curtain wall.

　　The design service life of glass curtain wall is 25 years.

　　Owners are worried about who will pay for the replacement after 25 years.

　　At the same time, the reporter further interviewed and found that according to the Unified Standard for Reliability Design of Building Structures (GB 50068-2001), the design service life of glass curtain wall is 25 years and the glue is 10 years. So, what about those tall buildings with glass curtain walls installed before, after 25 years of use? Change it or not? Who will change it?

　　In this regard, the Notice of the Ministry of Housing and Urban-Rural Development and the State Administration of Work Safety also stipulates that after the glass curtain wall has reached its service life, the person in charge of safety maintenance shall entrust a unit with corresponding qualifications to conduct safety performance appraisal of the glass curtain wall, and if it needs to be modified, reinforced or dismantled, it shall entrust a unit with corresponding qualifications to be responsible for implementation.

　　So, who will pay for this? In the interview, both the owners and developers said that they didn’t know what to do, and many owners who lived in the residential area with glass curtain walls expressed concern.

(Observer News) After Iran launched a large-scale missile and drone attack on Israel, the Israeli military threatened to let Iran "bear the consequences". According to the Israel Times reported on April 15th, Halevy, Chief of Staff of the Israel Defense Forces, promised that the Israeli army would respond to the Iranian attack. Israel’s wartime cabinet also agreed to make a "strong response" to Iran, but to avoid triggering a full-scale war.

Halevy visited the Newatim Air Force Base in southern Israel, which was damaged by an Iranian ballistic missile in the early morning of 14th. Speaking to Israeli soldiers, he said: "Iran wants to undermine Israel’s strategic capabilities, which has never happened before. We have prepared for the’ Iron Shield’ action. "

Halevy said: "Israel is strong and knows how to deal with the threat alone. However, in the face of so many and so distant threats, we are very happy that the United States stands with us … We are looking forward and considering the measures we will take. The act of launching missiles and drones into Israeli territory will be responded. "

Halevy also issued a video statement later, saying that Israel is assessing the situation, and the IDF is still in the highest level of readiness, ready to respond to any threat from Iran and its allies. Halevy claimed that Iran "will bear the consequences for its actions".

Halevy, Chief of Staff of the Israel Defense Forces, delivered a speech at Newatim Air Force Base Source: Israel Defense Forces

The Times of Israel said that Israel’s wartime cabinet has agreed to make a "strong response" to Iran, but Israel intends to act in coordination with the United States to avoid triggering regional wars or undermining the "alliance" against Iran’s attacks. At present, the wartime cabinet has discussed several counter-attack plans, with the goal of "attacking Iran without triggering a full-scale war."

In an interview with Bloomberg, IDF spokesman Peter Lerner said that the military has put forward a series of feasible measures to the Israeli government. "We need to be patient and understand that the situation here is very fragile. The government is considering the advantages and disadvantages of each measure. "

On the evening of April 13, local time, Iran retaliated against Israel’s previous bombing of the Iranian embassy building in Syria and launched a large-scale attack on Israel. Iran’s Islamic Revolutionary Guard Corps said on the 14th that it used its strategic intelligence capabilities, missiles and drones to attack important military targets on Israeli territory and successfully hit and destroy these targets.

Iranian state television reported that about half of Iran’s missiles fired at Israel successfully hit the target.

IDF spokesman Daniel Hagari claimed that Israel and its allies intercepted "99% of missiles and drones" launched by Iran, and only a small number of ballistic missiles fell into Israeli territory. US President Biden also said in a statement that the US military helped the Israeli army "shoot down almost all incoming drones and missiles".

Although Biden’s administration reiterated the US support for Israel, US officials stressed that the US did not want the situation to escalate further. CNN said that Biden had a telephone conversation with Israeli Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu on the evening of 13th, and he told Netanyahu that the United States would not participate in any counterattack against Iran, nor would it support such actions.

John Kirby, strategic communication coordinator of the White House National Security Council, said that the United States will support Israel’s defense, but does not want a wider conflict.

Other western countries also called on Israel not to take measures to escalate the situation. French President Macron said in an interview with French media that France will make every effort to avoid the escalation of the conflict. "We will try to persuade Israel not to respond by escalating the situation, but to isolate Iran." British Foreign Secretary David Cameron also said that the British side very much hopes to avoid the escalation of the situation, and Israel needs to consider the issue "rationally".

Bloomberg said that the leaders of the Group of Seven had a talk on the 14th and promised to work hard to prevent the "uncontrolled escalation" of the regional situation.

Washington post issued a document on 15th, saying that Israeli officials are facing a difficult problem, that is, how Israel can demonstrate its willingness to use force without triggering a crisis. For decades, the Israeli government has always taken a "tough stance" to deal with conflicts in the Middle East, which may have prevented some conflicts but also created others. Nowadays, many people, including American officials, are beginning to question whether Israel’s policy is really effective.

According to PressTV, an English-language TV station in Iran, in response to Israel’s possible counterattack, Iranian Deputy Foreign Minister Ali Bagheri Carney said in a TV conversation on the 15th that if Israel "makes the same mistake again", Iran would make a "harsher, faster and more direct response".

Bagheri said: "This time, the Zionists need to know that they won’t have 12 days. The response they get next time can’t be measured by days or hours, but will come in a few seconds … If there is still a little rationality inside the Israeli regime, they should know that they must never make mistakes again. "

This article is an exclusive manuscript of Observer. It cannot be reproduced without authorization.

　　Author: Huang Rongsheng (Special research fellow of New Era Socialism with Chinese characteristics Thought Research Center, the supreme leader of the Ministry of Education, and research fellow of Southwest University Branch of Chongqing Socialism with Chinese characteristics Theory System Research Center)

　　Since the 18th National Congress of the Communist Party of China, the General Secretary of the Supreme Leader has grasped the general trend of world development, focused on the future and common well-being of mankind in the information age, and clearly put forward the important concept of building a community of cyberspace destiny. In November 2014, the first world internet conference was held in Wuzhen, Zhejiang Province, and this year marks its tenth year. In his video address to the opening ceremony of the Wuzhen Summit in world internet conference in 2023, General Secretary of the Supreme Leader put forward "Three Advocates", emphasizing "deepening exchanges and pragmatic cooperation, and jointly promoting the construction of a community of cyberspace destiny to a new stage", which provided a program of action and pointed out the way forward for the development and governance of the world’s Internet.

　　1. Build a global Internet governance system and continuously deepen international exchanges and cooperation in cyberspace.

　　The Internet has profoundly changed people’s way of production, life, communication and social governance. Countries in the world are more interconnected and interdependent than ever before. The world has truly become a global village where the voices of chickens and dogs hear each other, and the international community has increasingly become a community of human destiny with you and me. Undoubtedly, the development of the Internet has accelerated the digital, intelligent and green transformation of the industry, and the digital economy has flourished, bringing great new opportunities for the development of all countries; At the same time, problems such as unbalanced development, imperfect rules and unreasonable order in the Internet field are increasingly prominent, which brings new risks and challenges to world peace and development and the future and destiny of mankind. It is imperative to promote the reform of the global Internet governance system, and the world calls for more fair, reasonable and effective solutions.

　　Since the new era, China has actively participated in the global Internet governance mechanism, continuously deepened international cooperation in the digital economy, jointly safeguarded cyberspace security, and promoted the inclusive development of the Internet. The General Secretary of the Supreme Leader attaches great importance to the development and governance of the Internet and advocates building a community of cyberspace destiny. Especially in 2015, the General Secretary of the Supreme Leader attended the opening ceremony of the Second world internet conference and delivered an important speech, putting forward the "four principles" and "five propositions" of global Internet development and governance, emphasizing respect for network sovereignty, maintaining peace and security, promoting open cooperation and building a good order, calling for "accelerating the construction of global network infrastructure, promoting interconnection", "creating an online cultural exchange and sharing platform, promoting exchanges and mutual learning" and "promoting the innovative development of network economy, promoting The "four principles" and "five propositions" are the "golden keys" to solve the real dilemma of Internet development and governance.It has provided a fundamental basis for effectively coping with and resolving the risk challenges in the Internet field, giving full play to the remarkable advantages of Internet functions, making the Internet better benefit people all over the world, and working together to build a community of cyberspace destiny, which has been widely recognized and positively responded by the international community. After years of deep cultivation and practice, the "four principles" and "five points" have been deepened and implemented, which has promoted the construction of a community of cyberspace destiny from concept documents to action initiatives, from concept principles to concrete practice, and played a positive role in solving the development deficit, solving the security dilemma and strengthening mutual learning among civilizations. China’s international discourse power and influence in cyberspace are increasing day by day, and China’s ideas, China’s ideas and China’s plan have won more recognition and support.

　　2. Build a more inclusive, prosperous, peaceful, secure, equal and inclusive cyberspace.

　　In today’s era, the development of the Internet has jumped to a new stage of all-round penetration and cross-border integration. Digitalization, networking and intelligence have accelerated development, which has increasingly become a new kinetic energy to promote development, a new platform for maintaining security in Xinjiang, and a new platform for mutual learning among civilizations. The world is facing the era choice of "where to go" for Internet development and governance. In his video speech at the opening ceremony of the Wuzhen Summit in world internet conference in 2023, the Supreme Leader put forward the "Three Advocates" for building a more inclusive, prosperous, peaceful, safe, equal and inclusive cyberspace, and set sail for the global Internet development and governance from the three dimensions of development, security and civilization, and drew a beautiful blueprint for building a community of cyberspace destiny.

　　Advocate development priority and build a more inclusive and prosperous cyberspace. Development is the eternal theme of human society. At present, the global economic recovery is weak, the development deficit is increasing, and the desire of countries to seek development is even stronger. Universal and prosperous cyberspace means that Internet development and governance should adhere to the new concepts of helping each other in the same boat, mutual trust and mutual benefit, dialogue and cooperation, abandon the old concepts of zero-sum game, isolation and exclusivity, and plan and promote the construction of a community of cyberspace destiny from the overall long-term interests of all mankind, promote the development of network technology in various countries, deepen international exchanges and cooperation in the digital field, and continuously enhance the well-being of human society. In September 2021, General Secretary of the Supreme Leader solemnly put forward the "Global Development Initiative" at the general debate of the 76th UN General Assembly, advocating to jointly promote global development to a new stage of balance, coordination and tolerance. Building a more inclusive and prosperous cyberspace is in the same strain as the Global Development Initiative, which is a vivid practice of the Global Development Initiative in the Internet field. To this end, we must adhere to the development priority, accelerate the Internet to empower economic development, promote the integration of digital economy and real economy, and promote new global development with new kinetic energy; We must persist in taking the people as the center, safeguard and improve people’s livelihood in the development of the Internet, let more countries and people share the fruits of the development of the Internet, and constantly meet the diverse, multi-level and multi-faceted needs of the people for a better life.

　　Advocate safety and common prosperity, and build a more peaceful and secure cyberspace. Peace is the cornerstone of human existence, and security is the premise of human development. Today, the world has undergone a great change in a hundred years, and the evolution is accelerating. All countries need a peaceful and secure cyberspace. This means that the development and governance of the Internet should put human life safety and survival and development in the first place, and never let the Internet become a "battlefield" for countries to wrestle and a "hotbed" for crimes. In his keynote speech at the opening ceremony of the 2022 annual meeting of Boao Forum for Asia, General Secretary of the Supreme Leader put forward the "Global Security Initiative", which clarified the Communist Party of China (CPC)’s concept of global governance security in the new era. Building a more peaceful and secure cyberspace is in the same strain as the Global Security Initiative, which is a vivid embodiment of the Global Security Initiative in the Internet field. To this end, we must respect network sovereignty and respect the development path and governance model of the Internet in various countries; We must oppose cyber hegemonism, not engage in cyber camp confrontation and arms race, and attach importance to the legitimate security concerns of all countries. One country cannot be safe while other countries are not, and some countries are not safe, let alone seek their own so-called absolute security at the expense of other countries’ security. We must crack down on cyber crimes and cyber terrorism, properly deal with and effectively resolve the risks and challenges caused by the progress of network information technology, and strengthen data security and personal information protection.Comprehensively build a "firewall" for network digital information security.

　　Advocate mutual learning among civilizations and build a more equal and inclusive cyberspace. Internet is the achievement of modern human civilization and represents the modernization level of human society. The great prospect of Internet communication is to spread the excellent culture of human beings, promote people of all countries to know each other, and promote tolerance and symbiosis among different civilizations. Internet development and governance should recognize and tolerate differences. Building a more equal and inclusive cyberspace essentially shows that "there is no distinction between superior and inferior civilizations, only differences in characteristics and regions, which can only be integrated through exchanges and progress through integration". It is necessary to promote equal exchanges, mutual learning, harmony and symbiosis between Chinese civilization and world civilization, promote the development and prosperity of world cyber culture, and promote the construction of a cyberspace destiny community with multiple participation, joint construction and common governance. In March, 2023, General Secretary of the Supreme Leader put forward the "Global Civilization Initiative" in his keynote speech at the high-level dialogue between the Communist Party of China (CPC) and the world’s political parties. Building a more equal and inclusive cyberspace is in the same strain as the Global Civilization Initiative, which is a vivid practice of the Global Civilization Initiative in the Internet field. To this end, we must strengthen external communication and exchange, publicize China’s concept and China’s plan, tell the story of China well and spread Chinese culture; We must abandon the theory of "the superiority and inferiority of civilizations" and "the theory of clash of civilizations", promote equal cultural exchanges among countries, and jointly protect human cultural treasures; We must strengthen the production and dissemination of online cultural products,Fully display the outstanding achievements of human civilization, jointly build an online spiritual home, and better carry forward the common values of all mankind.

　　3. Promote the construction of a community of cyberspace destiny to a new stage.

　　The Internet is the common home of all mankind, and the cyberspace carries mankind’s infinite longing for a better future. Promoting the construction of a community of cyberspace destiny to a new stage is not only a strategic move that conforms to the trend of the information revolution era, but also a major move that reflects the common voice of the international community and reflects the responsibility of China as a big country.

　　Focus on developing the digital economy. Digital economy is a brand-new economic form with data as the core and information technology as the support. With the development of Internet, digital economy has become the new engine of global economic development. Creating an open, fair, just and non-discriminatory digital development environment and building an inclusive, inclusive and resilient digital world is an important focus to promote the construction of a community of cyberspace destiny to a new stage. Specifically, to speed up the construction of digital infrastructure, countries should strengthen cooperation in the popularization of digital infrastructure such as artificial intelligence, Internet of Things, and 5G, promote the digital technology empowerment industry, and promote the bridging of the digital divide. Second, it is necessary to provide support for digital talents. Countries should strengthen the training, exchanges and cooperation of digital talents, promote the transnational flow of digital talents and promote the vigorous development of the global digital economy. Third, to improve the level of digital technology innovation, countries should increase their support for enterprise digital technology innovation, give enterprises necessary tax incentives and government subsidies, and stimulate the enthusiasm of enterprise digital technology innovation. Fourth, to maintain the new territory of network security, countries should optimize the legal rules of Internet security and build a security barrier for the development of global digital economy.

　　Build a global network communication platform. China actively participates in the global Internet development and governance, and builds a high-end platform for international exchanges and cooperation in cyberspace. As an important platform for countries around the world to deepen exchanges and cooperation in the Internet field, world internet conference Wuzhen Summit attracts representatives from global government departments, international organizations, leading Internet companies, industry associations and academic institutions to actively participate in the conference, and strengthen exchanges and dialogues and deepen pragmatic cooperation around hot, focused and difficult issues in cyberspace. In July, 2022, world internet conference International Organization was established, world internet conference was upgraded from an international conference to an international organization with a permanent organization, and Wuzhen Summit was transformed into an annual meeting of international organizations, which increasingly demonstrated the platform role of China and the world in the field of Internet interconnection, sharing and governance, and won wide appreciation from the international community. Facing the future, we should further run the Wuzhen Summit in world internet conference, and promote world internet conference to become an important platform for tolerance, mutual trust, solidarity and mutual assistance, consensus-building, cooperation and mutual benefit, exchange and mutual learning, and development, as well as for maintaining network security and pushing the global Internet governance system towards a more just and reasonable direction, so that a more prosperous, cleaner and safer Internet can better benefit people all over the world.

　　Carry forward the common values of all mankind. Peace, development, fairness, justice, democracy and freedom are the common values of all mankind. Promoting the interconnection, sharing and governance of cyberspace and building a community of cyberspace destiny together need to vigorously promote the common values of all mankind. First, we must thoroughly implement the ideological concept and value proposition of the Supreme Leader General Secretary on building a community of destiny in cyberspace, and continue to introduce more international public products on the value of the community of destiny in cyberspace to the global cyberspace. Second, we must carry forward the spirit of Internet development and governance dedicated to the lofty cause of world peace and development, build a stable and orderly network international environment, and push the community of cyberspace destiny to a higher level of ideal picture and beautiful realm. Third, we should abandon unilateralism and power politics, establish a win-win concept of mutual benefit, mutual trust and tolerance, and promote the development of a community of cyberspace destiny in a more scientific and rational direction. Fourth, we must adhere to the democratization and legalization of international network relations, respect the role of the United Nations as the main channel for coordinating international issues, ensure that international network rules and risk challenges are dealt with by all countries through equal consultation and cooperation, promote international exchanges and cooperation in cyberspace, and let more countries and people share the fruits of Internet development and jointly create a better future for mankind.