On June 11, 2017, candidates who participated in the basic test and comprehensive evaluation subject ability test of Southeast University in 2017 entered the examination room. Xinhua News Agency reporter Sun Shenshe

　　Peking University, Tsinghua University, Wuhan University and other universities have recently released their own enrollment brochures and enrollment plans for 2018, so as to independently select outstanding students with academic expertise and innovation potential for the whole country.

　　The 2018 college entrance examination enrollment curtain is slowly unfolding. This year, the college entrance examination reform will be comprehensively promoted. Following the smooth implementation of the college entrance examination enrollment system reform in Shanghai and Zhejiang last year, 17 provinces will start the new college entrance examination reform; This year, the construction of "double first-class" has entered a period of intensive construction. Being in a new era, facing new goals and shouldering new tasks, the training of talents that began with talent selection must take a new step.

　　What is the position of independent enrollment in the process of college entrance examination reform, and what role will it play in building a "double first-class" China university? This year, what are the characteristics, signals, symbolic significance and guiding role of independent enrollment policies of various schools? The reporter combed carefully, interviewed the directors of relevant universities and relevant experts, and deeply analyzed the logical chain behind independent enrollment.

　　The policy is basically stable. The test time is still after the college entrance examination.

　　As of March 27th, the "Sunshine College Entrance Examination" website of the Ministry of Education announced the list of 90 colleges and universities with independent enrollment qualifications in 2018, of which 77 colleges and universities enrolled students nationwide and 13 colleges and universities enrolled students for their own provinces and cities.

　　The reporter found that this year, compared with last year, peking university independent recruitment’s policy remained basically stable, and enrollment majors were divided into two categories: general and medical. General enrollment majors include science experimental classes/liberal arts experimental classes, mathematics, physics, astronomy, etc. Medical enrollment majors include clinical medicine (eight-year program in joined study of bachelor and doctoral degree), clinical medicine (five-year program) and basic medicine (eight-year program in joined study of bachelor and doctoral degree).

　　Since 2017, Tsinghua University has been fully implementing large-scale enrollment. The major disciplines of enrollment are science and liberal arts, including architecture, civil engineering, electronic information, liberal arts, humanities and society. Among them, the major direction of humanities and society (the direction of Confucian classics) still requires applicants to have a systematic education and be able to recite the Three Character Classics and Hundred Family Names; Have a good foundation of Confucian classics, and can recite one of the Four Books and the Book of Changes and the Book of Songs; I have a basic knowledge of philology, have studied Shuowen Jiezi, can write 540 radicals in seal script, and can simply explain the "Six Books".

　　In 2018, the independent enrollment plan of China Renmin University enrolled 142 students, and the majors were set in four major categories: humanities experimental class and science experimental class (information and mathematics). Beijing Normal University plans to recruit 124 students, including the "Leading Plan" and the "Climbing Plan". Beihang University has seven professional categories to participate in independent enrollment this year, with a total enrollment limit of 200. Although Peking University and Tsinghua have not announced the specific enrollment numbers, they all emphasize that "it is better to lack than to abuse".

　　The reporter found that most schools will still take preferential admission for candidates who have passed independent enrollment. Peking University offers a discount of 20 to 60 points, which can be "reduced to one-line admission" for some outstanding students, while Tsinghua University generally offers a discount of 10 to 60 points. People’s University of China divides the preferential policies for independent enrollment into two categories: those with top-notch humanities qualifications will be admitted with 60 points, those in science experimental classes (information and mathematics) will be admitted with 60 points, or they will be admitted with one line.

　　For the candidates in the pilot provinces of college entrance examination reform, some universities have also introduced corresponding targeted policies. For example, university of international business and economics’s preferential score for Zhejiang and Shanghai candidates is 20 points on the minimum admission control reference line for self-enrollment, and the requirements for the subject level of Jiangsu candidates are AB+. In addition, according to the timetable for independent enrollment in 2018, the independent enrollment test time of each school is still arranged after the college entrance examination.

　　It is unscientific to measure students with the same ruler.

　　On March 21, the Ministry of Education deployed the 2018 high-tech recruitment work, clarifying that this year’s college entrance examination enrollment will completely cancel the national college entrance examination plus points such as the Olympic Games and science and technology competitions for middle school students. Subsequently, the "Announcement on Standardizing the Management of Competition Listing, Naming and Commending Activities in the Field of Basic Education" was issued, proposing that the results of competitions in the field of basic education can only be regarded as honors and cannot be used as the basis for enrollment in primary and secondary schools.

　　When the society is fully cooling down for the "Olympic Games fever" and making efforts to reduce the burden on students, the reporter found that for the first time, Wuhan University has deleted the provision that "students have priority in winning various competitions, publishing papers and obtaining patent results in high school".

　　"In fact, at the school enrollment work conference at the end of 2017, it was confirmed that the requirements for Olympic Games and papers in independent enrollment were deleted." Wang Fu, director of the Admissions Office of Wuhan University, told the reporter that this is due to the consideration of "not only competitions, certificates, but also papers and patents". "Years of independent enrollment practice has proved that it is unscientific to evaluate students with the same ruler, and it is easy to cause wrong social orientation by relying entirely on competition results and papers published."

　　Wang Fu introduced that this year, according to students’ academic specialties, innovation potential and their comprehensive performance in ideological and moral, academic level and social practice, the expert group will collectively review and select the best students. However, the reporter consulted the Wuhan University Admissions Guide and found that the "supporting materials" voluntarily provided by candidates can include award-winning certificates, papers, publications, literary works, invention patents and so on.

　　Is it an example or a common phenomenon to delete "Olympic Games" from the registration conditions of independent enrollment? The reporter found out that more than 90% of colleges and universities still recognize candidates’ achievements in the five disciplines of mathematics, physics, chemistry, biology and informatics, and science competition awards are still the main conditions for independent enrollment.

　　In fact, excluding the Olympic results from the application conditions will make the independent enrollment and selection work more complicated in operation. For the selective test of self-enrollment, the favor of Olympic Games lies in its gold content.

　　The application conditions for independent enrollment in Tsinghua University are divided into research and creation, outstanding talents and discipline Olympic Games. According to Liu Zhen, director of Tsinghua University Admissions Office, the results of the Olympic Games reflect students’ specialty in a certain subject to some extent. However, he also introduced that, despite this, the subject competition condition is only one of the application conditions, not the only condition. Candidates who meet other conditions such as scientific and technological invention, research practice, literary creation, innovation and design can also apply for the exam.

　　Compared with the "hard leverage" of winning prizes in academic competitions, the criteria for judging liberal arts students have always been "unclear" in independent enrollment and selection. In 2018, although there are explanations on the award levels of humanities competitions in the brochures of independent enrollment of colleges and universities, there are few references to Chinese arts competitions in specific events. The mainstream liberal arts competitions in previous years, such as new concept compositions, have been somewhat neglected. In the enrollment brochures of some colleges and universities, the application conditions for liberal arts students are expressed as "outstanding talents and great potential" in subject specialty and innovation potential.

　　Compared with previous years, scientific and technological innovation events have gradually become a new favorite. According to incomplete statistics, more than 60% colleges and universities have recognized scientific and technological innovation awards this year, especially the youth scientific and technological innovation competition and the computer production competition for middle school students. Among them, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Southwest University, beijing university of chemical technology and other schools recognized candidates’ achievements in robot contest, a teenager in China.

　　Sending papers contains "business opportunities". The Ministry of Education has explicitly cracked down on fraud linked to independent enrollment

　　According to the reporter’s observation, this year, "published papers" still appear in the self-enrollment brochures of more than half of universities such as Beijing Jiaotong University, Tongji University and Huazhong University of Science and Technology.

　　In the eyes of some people, this "clear requirement" contains "business opportunities." The reporter once interviewed wang xing, editor of a periodical, and he revealed that due to similar regulations in independent enrollment in colleges and universities, the number of consulting papers published will increase before independent enrollment. And some intermediaries also make false propaganda and collect money in the name of package passing, pre-test counseling and providing so-called patent papers.

　　The reporter’s observation was confirmed by Wang Fu. He said frankly: "Since the emergence of independent enrollment, some parents and intermediaries have simply regarded it as entering a prestigious school ‘ A new way ’ It has caused the proliferation of competitions, the sale of patents, papers and other phenomena, which has seriously interfered with the normal order of independent enrollment in colleges and universities. "

　　In view of the above problems, on March 23rd, the Ministry of Education issued a document stressing that it will crack down on all kinds of fraud and fraud linked to independent enrollment with relevant departments, further purify the enrollment environment for college examinations and safeguard educational equity. At the same time, the Ministry of Education requires colleges and universities to further strengthen the qualification examination and assessment of independent enrollment, and put forward the "five strictness" work requirements such as strict registration conditions, strict material examination, strict school assessment, strict supervision and restriction, and strict punishment of fraud.

　　It is understood that in 2017, relevant universities and other units conducted a rigorous review of the registration materials of candidates who enrolled independently. For candidates who cheat, the relevant universities and education departments have given severe punishment to cancel their qualifications for independent enrollment and college entrance examination in that year.

　　The Ministry of Education reminds the majority of candidates to abide by laws and regulations, apply for independent enrollment on their own merits, and don’t believe in the temptation of various institutions and others to avoid being deceived and suffering losses.

　　Each enrollment type has its own emphasis and will gradually adapt to the college entrance examination reform.

　　In 2003, the Ministry of Education launched a pilot program of independent enrollment in colleges and universities. In the past 15 years, independent enrollment has been reformed several times: at present, all independent enrollment and selection are organized by pilot universities alone, and some written test alliances such as NATO, Huayue and Excellence no longer exist; The model of "middle school recommendation as the main part and individual recommendation as the supplement" which has been used for many years has also been replaced by "student self-recommendation registration"; The examination and test will be arranged uniformly after the college entrance examination.

　　"On the basis of maintaining the fairness and authority of the college entrance examination, independent enrollment is a supplement to the current unified college entrance examination enrollment." Liu Zhen believes that it has a clear positioning of "selecting outstanding students with academic expertise and innovation potential". The practice in recent years shows that independent enrollment not only improves the autonomy of schools, but also expands the scope of students’ choices. After years of experiments, colleges and universities have a clearer criterion for the selection of special talents.

　　Qin Chunhua, president of Peking University Examinations and Research Institute, agrees with this. Self-enrollment has broken the curse of "score-only theory" to a certain extent, which has played a certain balance role in exam-oriented training. It has also helped college enrollment institutions to gradually accumulate experience in selecting candidates without relying on scores, improved their enrollment ability, and had a positive impact on talent training in universities and basic education in middle schools. He said: "‘ Double first class ’ Construction has always emphasized the importance of talent training. Independent enrollment plays an important role in improving the quality of talent training from the source by intervening in the talent selection process. "

　　In 2018, another 17 provinces will join the pilot reform of the college entrance examination. Autonomous enrollment first appeared as an important examination enrollment reform. In recent years, what reference and enlightenment does its implementation bring to college entrance examination reform and talent selection?

　　"At present, there are more and more types of selection in colleges and universities. No matter how many types of enrollment there are, they are actually not dependent on the admission of unique scores ‘ Comprehensive evaluation ’ A kind of. In other words, it is necessary to understand and understand each enrollment type from the perspective of the reform of the entire examination enrollment system. " Qin Chunhua said that each enrollment type has its own advantages and disadvantages, and each has its own emphasis. He believes: "As the transition of the college entrance examination reform, the existing independent enrollment model will be stable for some time, but it will gradually adapt to the new college entrance examination reform, and the reform of the examination enrollment system will be completed in the process of gradual change."

　　 (Reporter Chen Peng)

The picture shows the forum site. Zhuangbaiyu photography

　　China Meteorological News reporter Liu Zhao Hu Ya Zhuang Baiyu reports. On July 19th, a symposium on the 10th anniversary of the establishment of the National Space Weather Monitoring and Early Warning Center was held in Beijing. The meeting systematically summarized the work of the National Space Weather Monitoring and Early Warning Center in the past ten years, exchanged experience in space weather monitoring, forecasting and early warning services, and planned the future development of space weather services. Zheng Guoguang, director of China Meteorological Bureau, attended and delivered a speech, and Yu Rucong, deputy director, presided over the meeting.

Zheng Guoguang, director of China Meteorological Bureau, spoke at the forum.

　　Zheng Guoguang stressed that it is necessary to fully understand the significance of developing space weather monitoring and early warning services to safeguard economic and social development and national security. Developing space weather service is not only the need to ensure economic construction and national security, but also the trend of atmospheric science development and the inevitable requirement of modern meteorological service development. Monitoring space weather and early warning of sudden space weather events have become a new task of meteorological service for economic and social development and national security.

　　Zheng Guoguang reviewed the development of National Space Weather Monitoring and Early Warning Center, and summarized the achievements and experiences of China’s space weather service. In particular, he pointed out that it was the academicians and experts present who promoted the establishment of the National Space Weather Monitoring and Early Warning Center, helped the construction of the center and guided its development.

　　Zheng Guoguang pointed out that in the past ten years, the National Space Weather Monitoring and Early Warning Center has basically formed a space weather operational system combining monitoring, forecasting and service, and co-chaired the coordination group of the World Meteorological Organization’s space weather plan with the American Space Weather Forecasting Center to coordinate international space weather operational activities. After ten years of development, the space weather service has achieved remarkable results, and successfully completed the space weather support tasks of important activities such as the prediction of the Shenzhou VII astronauts’ departure time, which has been highly praised by the majority of users.

　　Zheng Guoguang said that the construction and development of the National Space Weather Monitoring and Early Warning Center fully embodies the characteristics of China, its departmental advantages and its team. It can be said that national demand is the fundamental driving force for the development of China’s space weather business, paying attention to overall design and project promotion is an important guarantee for the development of space weather business, making full use of various resources is an effective way for the development of space weather business, scientific and technological innovation is the only way for the development of space weather business, open cooperation is the correct choice for the development of space weather business, and the silent dedication and solid work of talent team are the hope for the development of space weather business.

　　Zheng Guoguang especially thanked the center staff who worked hard for the development of the National Space Weather Monitoring and Early Warning Center. They thought that they were down-to-earth, did not pursue fame or profit, were not overwhelmed by incomprehension, and did not give up because of low technical level. They took the development of space weather business as their own responsibility, devoted themselves to study and practice, humbly consulted, strengthened cooperation, and worked hard for their career, persisted in actively doing various services, and persisted for ten years without giving up.

　　Zheng Guoguang requires that we should clearly see the gap between the space weather business capacity and the national demand, redouble our efforts, increase investment, speed up the improvement of the space weather business system, and constantly create a new situation for the development of China’s space weather business. First, according to the national demand and the development trend of disciplines, we should further improve the development plan of China’s space weather business and accelerate the development of space weather business; Second, we must strengthen capacity building including infrastructure, team, business platform and service means; Third, we should improve the open platform, further strengthen cooperation and promote resource sharing; Fourth, we should rely on scientific and technological progress, increase investment in space weather scientific research, and apply more space weather scientific and technological achievements to space weather business service platforms; Fifth, we should increase the propaganda of space weather science.

　　Zhuang Guojing, chief engineer of China Aerospace Science and Technology Corporation, Lin Longfu, deputy director of the Meteorological and Hydrological Bureau of the General Staff Department, Li Guoping, deputy director of the First Department of Systems Engineering of the National Defense Science and Technology Bureau, academicians of the two academies, Liu Zhenxing, Feng-Si Wei, Wang Shui, Tu Chuanzhi, Wan Weixing, Li Zechun, Ding Yihui, Xu Jianmin and representatives and experts from relevant departments attended the forum and spoke, affirming the achievements of the National Space Weather Monitoring and Early Warning Center in the past 10 years and putting forward ardent expectations for its future development.

　　Zhuang Guojing believes that since the establishment of the National Center for Space Weather Monitoring and Early Warning, it has made important contributions to the aerospace industry, and space weather monitoring and early warning has become an indispensable force in the fields of aerospace and national economy. Space weather monitoring and early warning will become an important part of people’s lives, just like weather forecast.

　　Lin Longfu expressed his gratitude to the National Space Weather Monitoring and Early Warning Center for its support to military-related business construction and space weather support in major national defense scientific research activities. He believed that the establishment of a space weather service support business system was an important strategic move, and there was great potential for the development of integration of defense and civilian technologies in the space weather field.

　　Li Guoping said that the National Space Weather Monitoring and Early Warning Center has made indelible contributions to the development of China’s space industry in the ten years since its establishment, and hopes to join hands and make greater contributions to the development of space weather.

After the symposium, the participants visited the National Space Weather Monitoring and Early Warning Center.

　　On June 1st, 2002, the Central Organizing Committee approved the establishment of the National Space Weather Monitoring and Early Warning Center by China Meteorological Bureau, which was responsible for China’s space weather monitoring and early warning, forecast release and application services. After ten years of construction and development, China’s space weather business system has begun to take shape, and the monitoring pattern based on Fengyun series meteorological satellites and ground-based space weather professional monitoring network has basically taken shape. A distinctive forecasting business system with data flow based on space weather causal chain and technical flow based on brand-new forecasting norms has been basically established.

　　(Editor: Li Wenqin)

　　

　　In May, in Port Klang, Malaysia, a container carrying garbage stinks. Malaysia’s environment minister, Yang Meiying, said that she would return the maggot-bearing garbage to … …

　　Recently, a reporter from Bloomberg wrote this scene into a news report, saying that Yang Meiying’s words represented a concern that spread throughout Southeast Asia. A lot of rubbish from Europe and America is weighing on Southeast Asian countries and losing patience. As foreign media said, for developed countries that export garbage, a message should be clear: their own garbage should be handled by themselves.

　　Southeast Asia refuses to become a garbage dump

　　Recently, the voice of rejecting "foreign garbage" has continued to rise in Southeast Asian countries.

　　Indonesia’s Jakarta Times reported on July 9th that Indonesian customs had once again seized a large number of harmful waste from Australia in the country’s ports and would "send the garbage back to their hometown". The week before, the Indonesian government just announced that it would return 49 containers filled with "foreign garbage" to many developed countries including France.

　　For a long time in the past, developed countries such as the United States, Britain, Germany, Canada, Australia, and Japan exported an amazing amount of "foreign garbage" to many developing countries in Asia, such as China, Malaysia, and the Philippines. Since last year, the "foreign garbage burden" faced by Southeast Asian countries has become heavier.

　　In January 2018, China officially implemented the "foreign garbage" ban, totally banning the import of 24 kinds of solid wastes in 4 categories. Since then, garbage collectors in Europe and America have turned their attention to other Asian markets, especially Southeast Asian countries such as Thailand, Malaysia and Indonesia.

　　Take Germany as an example. According to the data provided by German media, in 2017, the country exported 600 tons of plastic waste to Indonesia, and in the first 10 months of 2018, this figure increased to 49,500 tons. According to another data, in the first six months of 2018, the amount of garbage exported to Malaysia increased from 168,500 tons in 2016 to 456,000 tons.

　　The increasing "foreign garbage" has brought serious harm to the ecological environment and people’s health in Southeast Asian countries. Under the heavy pressure, countries have successively introduced restrictive measures and related laws to prohibit the import of garbage, saying "no" to "foreign garbage".

　　In June, the Philippines insisted on sending 69 containers containing illegally imported garbage back to Canada at the expense of "diplomatic war". In May, Malaysia also announced that it would send 450 tons of imported garbage back to Australia, Canada, Japan, the United States and other places.

　　In addition, since last year, some Southeast Asian countries have legislated one after another to put a legal yoke on "foreign garbage". The Thai government announced that the import of plastic waste will be banned by 2021. The Vietnamese government also said that it would stop issuing new garbage import licenses, and "the country cannot become a garbage dump".

　　"At present, Indonesia, the Philippines and other countries are interested in importing ‘ Foreign garbage ’ Take severe crackdown measures, mainly including strengthening customs supervision and inspection, and further strengthening the formulation and improvement of relevant laws in China. " Xu Liping, a researcher at the Asia-Pacific and Global Strategy Institute of China Academy of Social Sciences, said in an interview with this reporter.

　　The ban forced the industrial chain to update.

　　"Due to the development gap between developing countries and developed countries in terms of economy, technology and national legal system construction, waste producers in developed countries choose irresponsible export methods in order to reduce the cost of waste disposal as much as possible, but they cannot effectively supervise waste trade in developing countries in terms of environmental law enforcement and technology, which leads to developing countries becoming developed countries ‘ Garbage dump ’ 。” Tan Quanyin, assistant researcher of Tsinghua University Institute of Environment and director of the comprehensive office of Basel Convention Asia-Pacific Regional Center, pointed out in an interview with this reporter that this is the main reason why China and Southeast Asian countries are generally faced with the problem of "foreign garbage".

　　According to the statistics of the World Bank, the population of developed countries only accounts for 16% of the world’s population, but they produce 34% of the world’s garbage. Exporting solid waste to developing countries for treatment, recovery and reuse, which is a common practice in many developed countries, can bring certain economic benefits, but it makes developing countries bear huge social and environmental costs.

　　Water pollution, crops withering and people getting sick … … "Deutsche Welle" recently pointed out that these "foreign garbage" have brought great environmental and social harm to Southeast Asian countries after paying attention to the environmental damage caused by garbage disposal in a small town in Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.

　　"processing ‘ Foreign garbage ’ In addition to incineration and burial, sorting and some technical means are needed, and Southeast Asian countries do not have the ability to handle a large number of ‘ Foreign garbage ’ The ability. In addition, the ecological environment of some Southeast Asian countries is relatively fragile, and they are already facing challenges such as marine garbage and sewage. ‘ Foreign garbage ’ The massive influx will cause fatal damage to the local ecological environment and even devastating effects, which is extremely unfavorable to the development of these countries. " Xu Liping said.

　　Nowadays, with the multiple hazards caused by "foreign garbage" becoming increasingly prominent and the overall environmental awareness of Southeast Asian countries increasing, more and more countries choose "zero tolerance" for "foreign garbage". The "foreign garbage" ban issued by China last year has set an example for developing countries facing similar troubles to follow.

　　据新加坡《海峡时报》报道，6月20日，在第34届东盟峰会举行之前，一群抗议者出现在泰国曼谷的一座政府大楼前，呼吁东盟国家禁止“从世界任何地方”向该地区出口废物。

　　对此，英国回收协会负责人认为，中国的“洋垃圾”禁令是一件好事，既可以倒逼更多资金投入垃圾处理技术的研发，也可以倒逼从商品制造到垃圾处理的整个产业链进行更新。

　　“自己的垃圾应自己解决”

　　根据世界银行的数据，2050年，人类制造的固体垃圾将上升到34亿吨。随着越来越多东南亚国家拒绝“接盘”，发达国家又将如何安置它们的垃圾？

　　有分析称，也许非洲将成为发达国家的下一个目标。然而，寻找“下家”只是不负责任的应急之举。发达国家真正该思考的，不是如何将垃圾压力转嫁他国，而是如何从源头根治问题。

　　彭博社称，解决办法可能在于新科技和社会行为的改变，从而减少甚至消除对垃圾填埋场和焚化炉的需求。而对发达国家来说，尤为迫切的是应学会自己处理垃圾。

　　5月10日，在瑞士日内瓦，包括中国在内的186个国家共同通过了一项决定，不再允许发达国家将其塑料垃圾随便丢给发展中国家处理。有日媒称，这对国际间的垃圾进出口施加了更进一步的严格限制。

　　“‘ Foreign garbage ’ The problem has a long history. It is both a developing problem and a global governance problem. It involves many countries and needs to raise awareness from the global level, and introduce relevant international laws to carry out comprehensive governance. " Xu Liping pointed out that relevant countries, especially developed countries, as the main producers of most "foreign garbage", should bear the responsibility to dispose of garbage at home, instead of dumping it in developing countries and shirking their responsibilities. "In addition, developing countries should also strengthen their relevant legislation and law enforcement to further block ‘ Foreign garbage ’ Import channels. "

　　Tan Quanyin also believes that solving the problem of "foreign garbage" requires a comprehensive plan to treat both the symptoms and the root causes. On the one hand, developed countries should adopt more responsible garbage disposal methods, strengthen the capacity building of domestic facilities, realize environmentally sound management of waste in China, and strengthen law enforcement to prevent illegal export of waste; On the other hand, countries should make joint efforts, while advocating and practicing sustainable production and consumption, and improving the level of cleaner production technology, strengthen cooperation, earnestly assume the responsibility of harmless management of their own waste, and promote the inclusion of the life-cycle responsibility system of waste in the framework of international law, fulfill relevant obligations, and perform their respective duties. (Our reporter Yan Yu)

Measures for the Administration of Food Waste and Waste Edible Oils in Guangzhou (for Trial Implementation) (Invalid) Guangzhou Municipal People’s Government Decree No.117 No.117 "Measures for the Administration of Food Waste and Waste Edible Oils in Guangzhou (for Trial Implementation)" was discussed and passed at the 149th executive meeting of the 14th session of the municipal government on January 12, 2015, and is hereby promulgated and shall come into force as of May 1, 2015. Mayor Chen Jianhua February 3, 2015 Measures of Guangzhou Municipality on the Management of Catering Waste and Waste Edible Oils (for Trial Implementation) Chapter I General Provisions Article 1 In order to standardize the management of catering waste and waste edible oils, promote source reduction and resource recycling, maintain urban environmental sanitation, and safeguard people’s health, in accordance with the Law of People’s Republic of China (PRC) on the Prevention and Control of Environmental Pollution by Solid Waste, the Regulations of municipal waste management Province of Guangdong Province, the Provisions of Guangzhou Municipality on the Administration of City Appearance and Environmental Sanitation and other relevant laws and regulations, combined with the actual situation of this Municipality, Article 2 The term "food waste" as mentioned in these Measures refers to food waste, food residue, expired food and other wastes generated by food processing, food service and unit feeding. The term "waste edible oil" as mentioned in these Measures refers to animal and vegetable oils and fats that do not meet the food safety standards produced by catering operators and canteen feeding units in the course of food business, oils and fats extracted from catering wastes, and oils and fats from oily wastewater that are separated by oil-water separators or grease traps. Article 3 These Measures shall apply to the discharge, collection, transportation, disposal and management activities of catering garbage and waste edible oils and fats within the administrative area of this Municipality.The discharge, collection, transportation, disposal and related management activities of kitchen waste generated by families and organic perishable waste generated by bazaars shall be implemented in accordance with the relevant provisions of the classification of urban domestic waste in this Municipality. Article 4 Catering wastes and waste edible oils and fats shall be implemented step by step according to the construction progress of disposal facilities, following the management principles of government leading, market operation, professional supervision and social supervision, and implementing standardized discharge, unified collection and transportation and centralized disposal. Article 5 The municipal administrative department of urban management shall be responsible for the supervision and management of the discharge, collection, transportation and disposal of catering garbage and waste edible oil in this Municipality and organize the implementation of these measures. The district urban management administrative department is responsible for the daily management of catering waste and waste edible oil within its jurisdiction. Environmental protection, food and drug supervision, industry and commerce, public security, quality supervision, agriculture, price and other relevant administrative departments and urban management comprehensive law enforcement organs shall, in accordance with their respective responsibilities, implement supervision and management and assist in the implementation of these measures. Article 6 The planning and construction of catering garbage and waste edible oil disposal facilities shall conform to the special environmental sanitation plan, and the land for facilities shall be included in the scope of urban yellow line protection, and no unit or individual may occupy or change its use without authorization. Seventh to encourage and promote the resource utilization of food waste and waste edible oil, and promote the use of resource utilization products that meet the product quality requirements. Article 8 The municipal and district people’s governments shall implement the relevant funds according to the financial evaluation results of the collection and transportation services of catering garbage and waste edible oils and their disposal enterprises’ operating conditions. Article 9 Units that produce catering waste,Domestic garbage disposal fees shall be paid in accordance with the prescribed charging standards. The municipal administrative department of urban management can put forward a plan for the charging standards and methods according to the actual situation, and the price department will organize a hearing and audit according to the hearing procedure, and then report it to the Municipal People’s Government for approval before implementation. Chapter II Management of Discharge, Collection, Transportation and Disposal Article 10 The collection, transportation and disposal of catering wastes and waste edible oils and fats in this Municipality shall be integrated. The Municipal People’s Government shall, according to the overall planning of city appearance and environmental sanitation and the layout scheme of environmental sanitation treatment facilities, combine the output of catering waste and waste edible oil in each district, and divide the whole city into several service areas based on the administrative divisions of each district. The pilot projects determined by government bidding before the effective date of these Measures can be treated according to the existing contract, or the integration of collection, transportation and disposal of catering wastes and waste edible oils and fats can be implemented in Yuexiu District, Tianhe District, Huangpu District and Xiaoguwei Street in Panyu District within 3 months from the effective date of these Measures through supplementary agreements. Food waste and waste edible oil in other areas shall be treated in accordance with the existing management regulations before the completion of the treatment facilities. After the completion of the treatment facilities, the integration of collection, transportation and disposal shall be implemented in accordance with the provisions of these measures, and the specific implementation time shall be announced separately by the Municipal People’s Government. Eleventh district urban management administrative departments shall, according to the service area designated by the Municipal People’s government, determine the collection, transportation and disposal units of catering garbage and waste edible oil within their respective administrative areas through fair competition such as bidding; The designated service area involves cross-administrative areas,The municipal administrative department of urban management shall determine the collection, transportation and disposal unit of catering garbage and waste edible oil through fair competition such as bidding. The administrative department of urban management shall sign a service agreement with the collection, transportation and disposal unit of catering garbage and waste edible oil, and stipulate the service scope, service standard, service period, market introduction mechanism and liability for breach of contract. The collection, transportation and disposal unit of catering garbage and waste edible oil shall carry out unified collection, transportation and centralized fixed-point disposal of catering garbage and waste edible oil within the designated service area. Article 12 The collection, transportation and disposal unit of catering garbage and waste edible oils and fats shall apply to the municipal environmental protection administrative department for the Permit for Strictly Controlling Waste Disposal in Guangdong Province, and to the urban management administrative department for the Permit for Operating Cleaning, Collection and Transportation of Urban Domestic Waste and the Permit for Operating Disposal of Urban Domestic Waste. Thirteenth food waste and waste edible oil producing units shall sign a collection, transportation and disposal contract with the collection, transportation and disposal unit that has obtained the right to operate food waste and waste edible oil. The collection, transportation and disposal contract shall specify the time, frequency and quantity of collection and transportation, and the recovery price of waste edible oils and fats. Food waste and waste edible oils and fats producing units handle food waste by themselves. When signing a collection, transportation and disposal contract with the collection, transportation and disposal unit, they can only stipulate the contents of collection, transportation and disposal of waste edible oils and fats, but they should file with the local urban management administrative department in accordance with the regulations.Article 14 Units that produce food waste and waste edible oils and fats shall abide by the following provisions: (1) Food waste and waste edible oils and fats shall be collected separately and stored in a sealed manner in a specified place, and shall not be mixed with other types of domestic garbage; (two) responsible for the storage of food waste and waste edible oil collection containers, and keep the collection containers intact and clean; (three) in accordance with the relevant provisions of environmental protection management, the separation of residue and water from catering garbage produces oily sewage, and an efficient oil-water separation device should be set up; (four) the catering garbage and waste edible oils and fats to the collection, transportation and disposal units that have signed a collection, transportation and disposal contract with them. Article 15 The collection, transportation and disposal units of catering wastes and waste edible oils and fats shall abide by the following provisions in the process of collection, transportation and service: (1) Provide the generating units with special collection containers for catering wastes and waste edible oils and fats with corresponding quantity and up to standard; (two) equipped with a corresponding number of catering garbage and waste edible oil collection and transportation vehicles, and in accordance with the provisions of the installation of driving recorder, loading and unloading metering system and video monitoring equipment; (3) Food waste shall be removed every day, waste edible oil shall be removed regularly according to the agreement, the oil-water separation device shall be cleaned in time, and the environment of collection vehicles, collection containers and working areas shall be kept clean and tidy; (four) the implementation of closed transportation, transportation equipment and collection containers should have a unified logo, clean and in good condition, no leakage during transportation, sudden leakage caused by environmental pollution, it should be immediately removed; (five) according to the prescribed route and time to transport food waste and waste edible oil to the designated disposal sites,Shall not change the disposal site without authorization. Article 16 The collection, transportation and disposal units of catering garbage and waste edible oils and fats shall abide by the following provisions in the process of disposal services: (1) Provide facilities and equipment for the disposal of catering garbage and waste edible oils and fats as required, and ensure their good operation and clean environment. If it is really necessary to stop production for maintenance, it shall inform the administrative department of urban management 15 days in advance; (two) improve the safety management system, equipped with safety facilities, formulate safety emergency plans to ensure the safe and stable operation of disposal facilities; (three) strictly abide by the relevant provisions of environmental protection, and take measures to prevent secondary pollution caused by waste water, waste gas, waste residue, dust and noise generated in the disposal process. Waste residue, waste water and other wastes generated in the process of disposal shall be recorded and included in the ledger; (four) the products formed by resource utilization shall meet the quality standards stipulated by the state, and the products shall have product quality inspection reports, factory sales flow records and be included in the ledger; (five) according to the requirements of environmental impact testing, regular testing and evaluation of the performance and indicators of disposal facilities, testing and evaluation results should be included in the ledger; (six) disposal facilities shall be installed and used in accordance with the requirements of online measurement, monitoring, testing and other systems and equipment. Seventeenth restaurant garbage and waste edible oil discharge, collection, transportation and disposal of the implementation of the single management system, and gradually implement the electronic single information management. The joint receipt shall be collected by the collection, transportation and disposal unit from the district urban management administrative department where the service is located and returned to the joint receipt on a regular basis for future reference. During the collection and transportation process,Should carry a single; The staff of the production unit of catering garbage and waste edible oil and fat and the collection, transportation and disposal unit shall check the items specified in the joint list on site to ensure that the contents of the joint list are consistent with the actual situation of catering garbage and waste edible oil and fat. Article 18 Units that produce food waste and waste edible oil shall establish a ledger management system for food waste and waste edible oil, and truly and completely record the signing of collection, transportation and disposal contracts and the categories, quantities and whereabouts of food waste and waste edible oil, etc., for the urban management administrative department to make regular reference. The collection, transportation and disposal unit of food waste and waste edible oil shall establish a ledger for the collection, transportation and disposal of food waste and waste edible oil, truly and completely record the signing of the collection, transportation and disposal contract, the category, quantity, source, flow record and facility operation data of food waste and waste edible oil, and submit a monthly collection, transportation and disposal ledger to the administrative department of urban management before the 10th of each month. Nineteenth catering waste and waste edible oil collection, transportation and disposal units shall not suspend business without approval; If it is really necessary to suspend business, a written report shall be submitted to the municipal administrative department of urban management six months in advance, and the business can be suspended only after approval. Article 20 It is forbidden for any unit or individual to commit the following acts in the discharge, collection, transportation and disposal of food waste and waste edible oil: (1) Directly discharge food waste and waste edible oil into public waters, public toilets, drainage pipes or dump, throw and pile food waste and waste edible oil at will in other ways; (2)Mixing catering garbage and waste edible oil with other types of domestic garbage for storage, collection, transportation and disposal; (three) the catering waste and waste edible oil to units and individuals that have not obtained the franchise service license for collection, transportation and disposal; (four) collecting, transporting and disposing of food waste and waste edible oil without franchise; (five) in violation of the provisions of the use of food waste and waste edible oil to raise livestock, aquatic products and other animals; (six) in violation of the provisions of the use of food waste and waste edible oil production, processing of food and feed; (seven) other acts prohibited by laws, regulations and rules. Chapter III Safeguards Article 21 The catering industry organizations shall give full play to the role of industry self-discipline, bring food safety, the treatment of catering waste and waste edible oil into the scope of rating and credit management of catering units, and urge catering service units to do a good job in reducing the amount of catering waste and waste edible oil, regulating its discharge, and disposing it harmlessly. Article 22 The municipal administrative department of urban management shall establish and improve the comprehensive evaluation system of the integrity of the collection, transportation and disposal units of catering garbage and waste edible oil, and implement the market exit mechanism for enterprises that collect, transport and dispose of catering garbage and waste edible oil in violation of regulations. Article 23 The administrative department in charge of urban management shall supervise and inspect the following situations of the collection, transportation and disposal of catering garbage and waste edible oil within its jurisdiction through written inspection, spot check, on-site verification or entrusted supervision by qualified units, and publish them regularly, and accept social supervision: (1) The signing of the contract for the collection, transportation and disposal of catering garbage and waste edible oil producing units and the record of accounts;(two) the implementation of the collection and transportation of food waste and waste edible oil; (three) the accounting records and submission of the collection, transportation and disposal units of catering garbage and waste edible oil; (four) the operation and use of facilities and equipment for the collection, transportation and disposal of catering garbage and waste edible oils and fats; (five) the classified collection, sealed storage and harmless disposal of food waste and waste edible oil. The administrative departments of urban management, quality supervision, industry and commerce, food and drug supervision, agriculture and environmental protection shall establish an information sharing system, share the food and beverage service license and strictly control the waste disposal license, the account of the resource utilization products of food and beverage waste and waste edible oil disposal units, and supervise and manage the quality, flow and use of the resource utilization products of food and beverage waste and waste edible oil according to their respective functions and duties. Article 24 The municipal administrative department of urban management shall formulate an emergency plan for the collection, transportation and disposal of catering garbage and waste edible oils and fats, and establish an emergency mechanism. The collection, transportation and disposal unit of food waste and waste edible oil shall, according to the provisions of the emergency plan, prepare the emergency plan of food waste and waste edible oil of the unit and report it to the administrative department of urban management for the record. In the event of unexpected events, it is impossible to collect, transport and dispose of food waste and waste edible oils and fats normally, and the administrative department in charge of urban management shall immediately start the emergency plan and timely organize relevant units to collect, transport and dispose of food waste and waste edible oils and fats. Twenty-fifth any unit or individual has the right to complain and report violations of these measures.After receiving complaints and reports, the relevant departments shall promptly investigate and deal with them according to law, and shall reply to the signed reports. The administrative department in charge of urban management shall announce to the public once every six months the list of units that produce food waste and waste edible oil and fat in violation of regulations and the collection, transportation and disposal units, and incorporate them into the credit record. Twenty-sixth urban management departments should establish a law enforcement information sharing mechanism with public security, environmental protection, food and drug supervision, quality supervision, industry and commerce, agriculture and other relevant administrative departments and urban management comprehensive law enforcement agencies, and carry out joint law enforcement on a regular basis. The District People’s Government shall regularly organize relevant functional departments to carry out joint law enforcement according to the actual needs of the management of catering waste and waste edible oil within its jurisdiction. Twenty-seventh municipal and District People’s governments and relevant functional departments shall establish an index system for supervision and inspection, supervision and management evaluation of the management of food waste and waste edible oil, and incorporate it into the evaluation system for comprehensive improvement of urban management. Article 28 The municipal and district people’s governments and relevant functional departments shall publicize the management of food waste and waste edible oils and fats through radio stations, television stations, newspapers, periodicals, internet and other media, so as to improve the food safety awareness of catering service units and citizens, advocate rational consumption of citizens, and promote the reduction of sources. Chapter IV Legal Liability Article 29 If a unit producing catering garbage and waste edible oil violates these measures, it shall be punished by the comprehensive law enforcement organ of urban management in accordance with the following provisions: (1) If it violates the provisions of Article 13 and fails to sign a collection, transportation and disposal contract with the collection, transportation and disposal unit in accordance with the provisions, it shall be ordered to make corrections within a time limit;Overdue reform, a fine of 10 thousand yuan and 30 thousand yuan; (two) in violation of the provisions of the fourteenth paragraph (a), not in accordance with the provisions of the separate collection or classification of food waste and waste edible oil in the specified place, shall be ordered to make corrections within a time limit, and impose a fine of more than 5,000 yuan in 1000 yuan; (three) in violation of the provisions of the fourteenth paragraph (three), not in accordance with the provisions of the installation of oil-water separation device, shall be ordered to make corrections within a time limit; Overdue reform, a fine of 5000 yuan and 30 thousand yuan. Article 30 If a collection, transportation and disposal unit of catering garbage and waste edible oil violates these measures in the process of collection and transportation service, it shall be punished by the comprehensive law enforcement organ of urban management in accordance with the following provisions: (1) If it violates the provisions of Item (1) of Article 15 and fails to provide the collection container of catering garbage and waste edible oil for the generating unit in accordance with the provisions, it shall be ordered to make corrections within a time limit; Overdue reform, a fine of 5000 yuan and 20 thousand yuan; (II) Whoever, in violation of the provisions of Item (2) of Article 15, fails to equip special collection and transportation vehicles for catering wastes and waste edible oils in accordance with the provisions, or fails to install driving recorders, loading and unloading metering systems and video monitoring equipment in accordance with the provisions, shall be ordered to make corrections within a time limit; Overdue reform, a fine of 10 thousand yuan and 30 thousand yuan; (III) Whoever, in violation of the provisions of Item (3) of Article 15, fails to clear the oil-water separation device on time in accordance with the provisions, and keeps the collection and transportation vehicles, collection containers and working areas clean and tidy, shall be ordered to make corrections within a time limit and be fined not less than 3,000 yuan in 1000 yuan; (4)In violation of the provisions of Item (4) of Article 15, in the process of transportation, food waste and waste edible oil are leaked, which causes pollution to the road, and shall be ordered to clean up immediately, and a fine of not less than 3,000 yuan per 1000 yuan shall be imposed; (5) Whoever, in violation of the provisions of Item (5) of Article 15, fails to transport catering garbage and waste edible oils and fats to the designated disposal site according to the prescribed route and time, or arbitrarily changes the disposal site, shall be ordered to make corrections within a time limit and be imposed with a fine of not less than 20,000 yuan but not more than 100,000 yuan. Article 31 If the collection, transportation and disposal unit of catering garbage and waste edible oil violates these measures in the process of disposal, it shall be punished by the comprehensive law enforcement organ of urban management in accordance with the following provisions: (1) If it violates the provisions of Item (1) of Article 16, it fails to equip the disposal facilities and equipment in accordance with the provisions and ensure their good operation and clean environment, or fails to report the suspension of production and maintenance within the specified time, it shall be ordered to make corrections within a time limit and be fined not less than 5,000 yuan but not more than 30,000 yuan per day; (two) in violation of the provisions of article sixteenth (two), not in accordance with the provisions of the safety management system, equipped with safety facilities, the development of safety emergency plan, shall be ordered to make rectification within a time limit, and impose a fine of 5000 yuan and 20 thousand yuan; (3) In violation of the provisions of Item (3), Item (4) and Item (5) of Article 16, failing to include the disposal of food waste and waste edible oil in the ledger in accordance with the provisions, it shall be ordered to make corrections within a time limit; If no correction is made within the time limit, a fine of not less than 5,000 yuan but not more than 20,000 yuan shall be imposed; (four) in violation of the provisions of article sixteenth (six),Failing to install or leave idle, dismantle, refit, damage or block online metering, monitoring, testing and other systems and equipment in accordance with the regulations, it shall be ordered to make corrections within a time limit and be fined between 5,000 yuan and 30,000 yuan. In violation of the provisions of Item (3) of Article 16, if environmental protection measures are not taken in accordance with the provisions, resulting in secondary pollution accidents, the administrative department of environmental protection shall be punished according to the provisions of Article 82 of the Law of People’s Republic of China (PRC) on the Prevention and Control of Environmental Pollution by Solid Wastes. Article 32 If, in violation of the provisions of Article 17, the catering garbage and waste edible oils and fats producing units and the collection, transportation and disposal units fail to implement the joint management, the urban management comprehensive law enforcement organ shall order them to make corrections within a time limit and impose a fine of not less than 5,000 yuan per 1000 yuan. Article 33 If, in violation of the provisions of Article 18, catering garbage and waste edible oils and fats producing units and collection, transportation and disposal service units fail to establish ledgers in accordance with the provisions, falsify ledgers or fail to declare them in accordance with the provisions, the urban management comprehensive law enforcement organ shall order them to make corrections within a time limit; Overdue reform, a fine of 5000 yuan and 30 thousand yuan. Article 34 If, in violation of the provisions of Article 19, the collection, transportation and disposal unit of catering garbage and waste edible oil suspends its business without approval, the comprehensive law enforcement organ of urban management shall order it to make corrections within a time limit and impose a fine of not less than 50,000 yuan but not more than 100,000 yuan. If losses are caused, they shall be liable for compensation according to law. Article 35 Whoever violates the provisions of Item (1), Item (2), Item (3) and Item (4) of Article 20 shall be punished by the comprehensive law enforcement organ of urban management in accordance with the following provisions: (1)Food waste and waste edible oil are directly discharged into public waters, public toilets, drainage pipes or dumped, spilled or piled up at will in other ways, and shall be ordered to immediately remove pollution, and the unit shall be fined between 5,000 yuan and 50,000 yuan, and the individual who commits the above acts shall be fined below 1000 yuan; (II) mixing catering garbage and waste edible oil with other types of domestic garbage for storage, collection, transportation and disposal, and imposing a fine of not less than 5,000 yuan but not more than 20,000 yuan on the unit, and imposing a fine of not more than 1000 yuan on the individual who commits the above acts; (3) If the catering garbage and waste edible oil are handed over to units and individuals that have not obtained the franchise service license for collection, transportation and disposal, the unit shall be fined between 2,000 yuan and 10,000 yuan, and the individual who commits the above acts shall be fined below 1000 yuan; (IV) Unauthorized collection, transportation and disposal of catering garbage and waste edible oils and fats shall be ordered to stop the illegal acts, the removal tools shall be confiscated according to law, and the unit shall be fined between 5,000 yuan and 50,000 yuan, and the individual who commits the above acts shall be fined below 1000 yuan. In violation of the provisions of Item (5) and Item (6) of Article 20, the administrative departments of agriculture, food and drug supervision and quality supervision shall investigate and deal with those who use food waste and waste edible oil to raise livestock, aquatic products or produce and process food and feed. Thirty-sixth administrative organs, institutions, state-owned enterprises and other internal canteens, restaurants in violation of these measures, in addition to punishment in accordance with these measures, the main leaders and directly responsible personnel shall be investigated for administrative responsibility according to law.Article 37 If the relevant administrative departments of urban management, environmental protection, public security, agriculture, food and drug supervision, and the comprehensive law enforcement organs of urban management and their staff neglect their duties and abuse their powers in the supervision and management of catering garbage and waste edible oils and fats, causing heavy losses or adverse effects, the appointment and removal organ or the supervisory organ shall give sanctions according to the management authority; Anyone suspected of committing a crime shall be transferred to judicial organs for handling according to law. Chapter V Supplementary Provisions Article 38 These Measures shall be implemented as of May 1, 2015. Issued by the Secretariat of the General Office of Guangzhou Municipal People’s Government on February 11, 2015